An organic junction between the vein and membrane of the dragonfly wing

A dragonfly wing consists of membranes and both longitudinal and cross veins. We observed the microstructure cross-section at several locations in the dragonfly wing using environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM). The organic nature of the junction between the vein and the membrane was clearly identifiable. The membrane was divided into two layers, the upper epidermis and the lower epidermis. These layers extend around the sandwich structure vein, and combine with the adjacent membrane at a symmetrical location along the vein. Thus, we defined this as an organic junction between the vein and the membranes. The organic junction is able to form a tight corrugation angle, which dramatically increases both the warping rigidity and the strength of the wing, but not the torsional rigidity. The torsional deformation is primarily controlled by the microstructure of the longitudinal veins, and is based on the relative rotation angle between the epidermal layer and the inner layer of the vein that forms the zigzag section.     

Membrane sorption property effects on transmembrane permeation

A theoretical study was carried out into membrane transport phenomena.Formulae for calculating the membrane transport resistance and transmembrane mass flux were given,variations in membrane resistance and moisture flux with the membrane sorption constant(C)under various humidity conditions were analyzed,and the value of C corresponding to the minimum membrane resistance or the maximum moisture flux was obtained.The results show that the membrane resistance and moisture flux relate not only to C but also to the relative humidities on both sides of the membrane.As C increases,membrane resistance initially decreases but then increases,i.e.,a minimum occurs,while the moisture flux first decreases and then increases,i.e.,a maximum occurs.The membrane resistance and moisture flux reach their extrema at the same value of C,which is determined by the relative humidities on both sides of the membrane.To reduce the membrane resistance,the value of C should be chosen based on the humidity conditions.     

钇掺杂对氧化铝膜的热稳定性及其孔结构的影响

以异丙醇铝和Y(NO3)3为主要原料,用溶胶-凝胶法制备掺杂钇的无支撑Al2O3膜,采用XRD、DTA-TG、BET等测试手段分析钇的掺杂对Al2O3膜的物相组成、热稳定性、以及Al2O3膜孔结构在不同煅烧温度时的影响.研究结果表明:掺杂钇能提高γ-Al2O3相向α-Al2O3相的转变温度和Al2O3膜的热稳定性.钇的掺杂也明显了改善了Al2O3膜在高温煅烧中的孔结构参数.     

Ion Exchange Separation of Eu3+ from Different Salt Solutions

Two samples of potassium zinc hexacyanoferrate were prepared using two different ratios of the initial materials. The distribution coefficient of Eu³⁺ on the two samples was determined. The effect of the cation concentration in the aqueous phase on the adsorption of Eu³⁺ was also studied. The mechanism of the exchange process was described on the light of the data obtained, and the equilibrium constant of the exchange reaction was also calculated.     

Poly(phenylene oxide) copolymer anion exchange membranes

Poly(phenylene oxide) block and random copolymers are synthesized by oxidative polymerization of 2,6-dimethylphenol and 2,6-diphenylphenol for potential alkaline exchange membrane application. The copolymers are functionalized on the methyl substituted repeat units through a two-step process to produce pendent quaternary ammonium cationic groups. The amount of quaternary ammonium cations and the ion exchange capacity are quantified through titration measurements. Ionic conductivity of the copolymer membranes is measured by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Block copolymers show increased bromide conductivity at higher ion exchange capacities compared with the random copolymer analogs. The bromide conductivity for a block copolymer film with an ion exchange capacity of 1.27 mequiv/g reaches 26 mS/cm at 90 °C and 95% relative humidity. The hydroxide conductivity for the same film was measured to be 84 mS/cm at 80 °C and 95% relative humidity. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2013, 51, 1770–1778, 2013     

延长反渗透膜使用周期的研究

通过作者多年实践摸索,从保养、操作、维护等几方面提出了影响反渗透膜使用周期的因素,并进行了系统分析,提出了针对性的解决办法。     

相转移法制备熊果酸分子印迹膜

通过相转移的方法制备了对熊果酸有选择性吸附的聚丙烯腈-丙烯酸分子印迹膜.通过吸附性能的检测,熊果酸在印迹和非印迹膜中的吸附量分别为0.226和0.087μmol/g.渗透实验表明:分子印迹膜对熊果酸有很好的识别特性,而非印迹膜对熊果酸的识别性低于印迹膜对熊果酸的识别性.     

《高等无机化学》课程体系的革新和优化

由于理论知识和实验技术的日益更新以及各学科的交叉化,研究生课程授课内容日渐增多,且分支越来越细化.很多原有高等无机化学课程的部分章节内容,经过学科交叉并综合最新研究进展被抽取出来独立开设成了具有交叉性的专业课程.为了使得高等无机化学课程知识体系的完整性、系统性和先进性,通过近几年的教学过程与调研,逐渐对高等无机化学课程体系进行了革新,完善与优化.并且加入了大量的相关领域的最近研究进展,增强了该课程的现代性.本课程将会为专业研究生奠定理论知识体系,培养科研能力,开阔研究视野.     

水合磷酸钴铵晶体材料的低热固相法合成及表征

以CoCl2.6H2O和(NH4)3PO4.3H2O为原料,在适量表面活性剂聚乙二醇(PEG-400)的存在下,在室温(R.T.)研磨反应混合物进行固相反应,将反应混合物在不同的温度(80℃,60℃,R.T.)保温陈化4 h,用水洗去混合物中可溶性的无机盐,在110℃下烘干2 h,得到一水合磷酸钴铵晶体材料。用XRD,IR,SEM及TG/DTA对产物进行了表征。结果表明,3种不同保温温度均得到具有正交晶系物相,空间群为Pmn21(31)的片状(NH4)3CoPO4.H2O晶体材料。     

面向控制的一维非等温两相流燃料电池模型研究

经验模型不能反映电池内部复杂的物理化学耦合过程及其导致的响应迟滞,这给燃料电池系统精确控制策略的开发带来了一定困难。针对此问题,建立了面向控制的一维非等温两相流模型,考虑了流道内气体瞬态效应、电池内部水相变,研究了电流密度对气体浓度以及水热分布特性的影响,分析了运行条件和模型参数对电池输出电压的影响,探究了电流阶跃下该模型相比于集总参数模型在输出性能方面的优势。结果表明,该模型具有更好的适用性,可为燃料电池系统层面的模型优化及控制策略设计提供可靠依据。