具有分布时滞和非局部空间效应的合作模型的行波解

考虑并研究了一类具有分布时滞和非局部空间效应影响的合作系统的反应扩散模型.利用Wang,Li和Ruan建立的非局部时滞反应扩散方程组波前解存在性的理论,证明了连接零平衡解和正平衡解的行波解的存在性.     

Social Motives and Expectations in One-Shot Asymmetric Prisoner's Dilemmas

We propose a formal-behavioral framework with 3 components: nonselfish motives, expectations about others' nonselfish motives, and a game-theoretic component. For nonselfish motives, 3 nonstandard utility models representing altruism, inequality aversion, and norms are considered. Expectations are modeled as certain versus uncertain expectations. The game-theoretic component predicts behavior of actors and actors' expectations about behaviors of others. This framework is applied to asymmetric one-shot prisoner's dilemmas; predictions are tested experimentally. Formal analyses show that asymmetry provides new predictions through which nonstandard utility-expectation models can be distinguished. Empirical tests show that the inequality aversion model does considerably worse than altruistic and normative variants. Statistical tests for own motives, expected motives, and the association between the two are provided, while accounting for decision noise.     

Emergent cooperation amongst competing agents in minority games

We study a variation of the minority game. There are N agents. Each has to choose between one of two alternatives every day, and there is a reward to each member of the smaller group. The agents cannot communicate with each other, but try to guess the choice others will make, based only on the past history of the number of people choosing the two alternatives. We describe a simple probabilistic strategy using which the agents, acting independently, and trying to maximize their individual expected payoff, still achieve a very efficient overall utilization of resources, and the average deviation of the number of happy agents per day from the maximum possible can be made O(N^?), for any ?>0. We also show that a single agent does not expect to gain by not following the strategy.     

Effects of information asymmetry on cooperation in the prisoners＇ dilemma game

Effects of inforination asymmetry on cooperation in the prisoners＇ dilemma game are investigated. The amplitude A is introduced to describe the degree of information asymmetry. It is found that there exists an optimal value of amplitude Aopt at which the fraction of cooperation reaches its maximal value. The reason lies in that cooperators on the two-dimensional grid form large clusters at Aopt. In addition, the theoretical analysis in terms of the mean- field theory is used to understand this kind of phenomenon. It is confirmed that the information asymmetry plays an important role in the dynamics of the dilemma games of spatial prisoners.     

Optimal Control of a Ship for Collision Avoidance Maneuvers

We consider a ship subject to kinematic, dynamic, and moment equations and steered via rudder under the assumptions that the rudder angle and rudder angle time rate are subject to upper and lower bounds. We formulate and solve four Chebyshev problems of optimal control, the optimization criterion being the maximization with respect to the state and control history of the minimum value with respect to time of the distance between two identical ships, one maneuvering and one moving in a predetermined way.Problems P1 and P2 deal with collision avoidance maneuvers without cooperation, while Problems P3 and P4 deal with collision avoidance maneuvers with cooperation. In Problems P1 and P3, the maneuvering ship must reach the final point with a given lateral distance, zero yaw angle, and zero yaw angle time rate. In Problems P2 and P4, the additional requirement of quasi-steady state is imposed at the final point.The above Chebyshev problems, transformed into Bolza problems via suitable transformations, are solved via the sequential gradient-restoration algorithm in conjunction with a new singularity avoiding transformation which accounts automatically for the bounds on rudder angle and rudder angle time rate.The optimal control histories involve multiple subarcs along which either the rudder angle is kept at one of the extreme positions or the rudder angle time rate is held at one of the extreme values. In problems where quasi-steady state is imposed at the final point, there is a higher number of subarcs than in problems where quasi-steady state is not imposed; the higher number of subarcs is due to the additional requirement that the lateral velocity and rudder angle vanish at the final point.     

Zero-determinant strategy:An underway revolution in game theory

Repeated games describe situations where players interact with each other in a dynamic pattern and make decisions according to outcomes of previous stage games. Very recently, Press and Dyson have revealed a new class of zero-determinant(ZD) strategies for the repeated games, which can enforce a fixed linear relationship between expected payoffs of two players, indicating that a smart player can control her unwitting co-player’s payoff in a unilateral way [Proc. Acad. Natl. Sci.USA 109, 10409(2012)]. The theory of ZD strategies provides a novel viewpoint to depict interactions among players,and fundamentally changes the research paradigm of game theory. In this brief survey, we first introduce the mathematical framework of ZD strategies, and review the properties and constrains of two specifications of ZD strategies, called pinning strategies and extortion strategies. Then we review some representative research progresses, including robustness analysis,cooperative ZD strategy analysis, and evolutionary stability analysis. Finally, we discuss some significant extensions to ZD strategies, including the multi-player ZD strategies, and ZD strategies under noise. Challenges in related research fields are also listed.     

Cooperation in the spatial public goods game with the second-order reputation evaluation

The existence of reputation can significantly promote the level of cooperation within the human population. In the recent years, most of the researches were based on binary image score or first-order evaluation standard. In this paper, we propose a second-order reputation evaluation model, in which the individual's image score will change not only in accordance with his own strategy, but also the reputation value of neighbors. Individuals try to enhance their reputation to cooperate with the surrounding high-reputation individuals, and then becomes an influential individual in the population. The existence of this mechanism renders the individuals who at the edge of the clusters formed by the cooperators to rapidly accumulate their reputation values through the adoption of cooperative strategy, and then the cooperative strategy can be spread widely and rapidly in the whole population. Through extensive numerical simulations, it is clearly indicated that the population cooperation behavior will be obviously improved when the individual's influence factor becomes smaller or the reputation step length increases. The current results are further conducive to understanding the emergence of cooperation in many real world systems.     

新建本科院校外事工作的现状及对策探析

新建本科院校外事工作不但要对新形势有清醒的认识、对存在的问题要给予足够的重视,而且要充分利用当前的大好形势,与时俱进,改革创新,积极探索对外合作与交流的渠道与途径,使国际交流与合作早日步入实质性轨道,真正带来实效,提升学校的办学能力与水平.     

加强校企合作平台建设 深化高职教育教学改革

实践证明,工学结合、校企合作是具有中国特色的高等职业教育人才培养模式,是高等职业教育体制机制和教育模式改革的重大创新。要全面提高教育质量,深化教育教学改革,我们就必须进一步更新观念,提高认识,＂以服务求支持、以贡献促合作＂,积极打造合作平台,为高技能型人才培养开辟新的道路。     

高校参与上海市14项重点工业项目会战的现状分析及完善措施的研究（续）

高校参与上海市１４项重点工业项目会战的现状分析及完善措施的研究（续）穆义生，孟宝棣，邵传芳，陶爱珠（高教研究所）３面临的几个问题在上海市１４项攻关会战中，高校科技人员发挥了聪明才智与拼搏精神，取得了令人瞩目的成果．但是由于种种原因，在攻关过程中还存在...