Simulation study on cooperation behaviors and crowd dynamics in pedestrian evacuation

Pedestrian evacuation is actually a process of behavioral evolution. Interaction behaviors between pedestrians affect not only the evolution of their cooperation strategy, but also their evacuation paths-scheduling and dynamics features. The existence of interaction behaviors and cooperation evolution is therefore critical for pedestrian evacuation. To address this issue, an extended cellular automaton(CA) evacuation model considering the effects of interaction behaviors and cooperation evolution is proposed here. The influence mechanism of the environment factor and interaction behaviors between neighbors on the decision-making of one pedestrian to path scheduling is focused. Average payoffs interacting with neighbors are used to represent the competitive ability of one pedestrian, aiming to solve the conflicts when more than one pedestrian competes for the same position based on a new method. Influences of interaction behaviors, the panic degree and the conflict cost on the evacuation dynamics and cooperation evolution of pedestrians are discussed. Simulation results of the room evacuation show that the interaction behaviors between pedestrians to a certain extent are beneficial to the evacuation efficiency and the formation of cooperation behaviors as well. The increase of conflict cost prolongs the evacuation time. Panic emotions of pedestrians are bad for cooperation behaviors of the crowd and have complex effects on evacuation time. A new self-organization effect is also presented.     

基于进化博弈视角的水源地与下游生态补偿合作演化分析

水源地与下游地方政府之间的协议合作可以协调流域上下游之间的矛盾和利益,是一种可实现流域生态保护良性循环的生态补偿尝试。本文应用进化博弈的双种群博弈理论,研究了水源地和下游地方政府之间博弈演化过程及影响因素。研究表明,流域上下游地方政府合作的演化方向主要受水源地不保护及下游不补偿受到的惩罚、下游对水源地的补偿额度、水源地和下游合作的初始成本、水源地生态保护的成本及收益等八个因素的影响。降低水源地的保护成本及水源地和下游合作的初始成本,提高水源地因保护而获得的综合效益、提高水源地不保护及下游不补偿受到的惩罚额度、合理确定下游对水源地的补偿额度将有利于水源地生态补偿机制向合作方向演进。     

基于.NET的协同工作模式研究与实现

介绍了计算机协同工作模式及其关键技术,详细分析了高中新课程协同工作系统的系统需求,最后通过基于.NET技术编程实现了高中新课程在线协同工作系统.     

邻近区域旅游企业合作的博弈分析——以张家界和凤凰为例

分析邻近区域间旅游核心吸引物对旅游者的引力、旅游企业各自的市场份额、旅游市场容量和旅游者在旅游目的地之间作出选择的转换成本等因素影响的基础上,通过构建一个包含“防降价均衡”博弈来分析旅游企业的服务定价、合作决策,寻找存在合理的旅游服务定价,使旅游企业有动力开展合作,造就双赢局面.     

跨越数字鸿沟之思考

由经济全球化和信息化所导致的“数字鸿沟”,将会进一步拉大我国与发达国家、国内区域及社会群体之间的差距,这不利于我国经济发展、社会进步和综合国力的提高。而跨越“数字鸿沟”需要政府、学校、企业和社会各阶层参与,同时也需要加强国际间的交流与合作。     

新建本科院校外事工作的现状及对策探析

新建本科院校外事工作不但要对新形势有清醒的认识、对存在的问题要给予足够的重视,而且要充分利用当前的大好形势,与时俱进,改革创新,积极探索对外合作与交流的渠道与途径,使国际交流与合作早日步入实质性轨道,真正带来实效,提升学校的办学能力与水平.     

开拓公共图书馆服务新模式探析——以威海市图书馆的服务模式为例

分析了目前我国公共图书馆的现状,探讨了图书馆服务的新模式,提出了与读者互动、与高校图书馆加强馆际合作的措施。     

Spatial prisoner’s dilemma games with increasing size of the interaction neighborhood on regular lattices

We studied the evolution of cooperation in the prisoner’s dilemma game on a square lattice where the size of the interaction neighborhood is considered. Firstly, the effects of noise and the cost-to-benefit ratio on the maintenance of cooperation were investigated. The results indicate that the cooperation frequency depends on the noise and cost-to-benefit ratio: cooperation reaches a climax as noise increases, but it monotonously decreases and even vanishes with the ratio increasing. Furthermore, we investigated how the size of the interaction neighborhood affects the emergence of cooperation in detail. Our study demonstrates that cooperation is remarkably enhanced by an increase in the size of the interaction neighborhood. However, cooperation died out when the size of the interaction neighborhood became too large since the system was similar to the mean-field system. On this basis, a cluster-forming mechanism acting among cooperators was also explored, and it showed that the moderate range of the neighborhood size is beneficial for forming larger cooperative clusters. Finally, large-scale Monte Carlo simulations were carried out to visualize and interpret these phenomena explicitly.     

论中国平面媒体NBA报道新闻源的解决

NBA新闻在我国已成为各大体育媒体报道的热点和重点.但NBA赛事发生地远在美国及球队所在地域的分散性等特点,客观上给我国媒体报道造成新闻源匮乏的难题.有鉴于此,本文重点探讨有效解决我国平面媒体NBA报道新闻源的方法和途径,以期为中国平面体育媒体新闻报道的发展提供理论借鉴和实践指导.     

双寡头动态R&D竞合模型的构建与分析

放松了经典Cournot模型中市场容量不变的假设,构建了双寡头企业R&D动态竞争的Cournot模型,研究了双寡头在R&D投入和产量决策两个阶段完全竞争与完全合作情形下的均衡结果.结果表明增加新增市场容量可以提高企业的最佳R&D投入水平和均衡利润,并且可以维持更长久的博弈周期.结果还表明动态R&D竞争模型是对传统模型的进一步拓展,能适用于更广泛、更实际的竞争情形.