Environmental Research for Art Conservation and Assessment of Indoor Conditions Surrounding Cultural Objects

This paper describes the results and conclusions of research directed towards the development and evaluation of a chemical sensor which would provide information on the quality of indoor environments surrounding cultural objects. In our case these objects were paintings housed in major European galleries and the main objective is their preservation through an improved understanding of their microenvironment. The concept was to prepare and expose test tempera paintings which would behave as dosimeters and integrate the environmental response at these locations. Artificial ageing of similar samples was performed to provide a means of calibrating the test paintings. Samples from the test paintings were compared with artificially aged samples and this enabled the sites to be ranked in terms of their suitability for exposure of cultural objects. Additionally, novel methodology involving piezoelectric sensors was designed for monitoring the relative humidity and temperature of the microenvironment of paintings. Dielectric techniques were also used for measuring the effect of relative humidity fluctuations on artists' materials and novel non-invasive dielectric techniques in the microwave region were used for the determination of their moisture content. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

温度对Nafion-结晶紫光纤湿度传感器性能的影响

The optical fiber relative humidity sensor based on Nation-crystal violet film was developed.The effect of samplef s temperature in the range from 299.15K to 324.15K on the sensing performance of the sensor was investigated. The mathematical function between temperature and the sensitivity of the sensor was established according to the reactive theory of sensor to the relative humidity, which was validated with the experiment. With the research, the application range of the sensor was extended, which made the sensor keep a good veracity when it was used in situ.     

基于ZigBee的无线温湿度采集系统设计

基于ZigBee技术设计了一套无线温湿度采集系统.将该系统部署到环境中，节点自发组网通信，终端采集节点可将环境的温湿度数据发送给协调器汇聚，再通过串口发送给上位机实时显示；协调器搭配联网模块可以连接云平台，客户端小程序订阅相关主题后也可以接收到协调器上报的数据，并查看到数据的变化趋势.该系统不仅能应用于家庭环境监测，还可以应用于工农业生产中.     

采用IC传感器的相对湿度测量

本文在比较各种相对湿度测量方法及传感器的基础上，结合实例介绍了集成湿度传感器的特性及使用方法，指出使用条件的影响因素及补偿措施，给出了带有温度效应补偿作用的相对湿度检测线路，并提供了检测软件计算的具体表达式，分段实施的对比实验结果，以及检测过程的外界条件限制。     

温湿度对柑桔始叶螨发育历期和产卵量的影响

研究了温、湿度对柑桔始叶螨Ｅotetranychus kankitus Ehara发育历期和产卵量的影响。实验发现，发育历期与温、湿度呈负相关，温、湿度对发育历期的影响极为显著，每雌产卵总量与温、湿度呈抛物线型关系，通过有代表性的五个温、湿度组合试验，发现高温低湿和低温高湿均不利于柑桔始叶螨的生长发育，结果表明，２０℃－３０℃为柑桔始叶螨发育的适温区间；６５％－７５％为其发育的适湿区间。     

陶瓷湿度传感器暂时性老化机制的分析

本文认为,在晶体中作为组成湿敏陶瓷的过渡金属元素,是以离子为主体形式存在的,易吸附有极性的媒质,并能与具有孤对电子的媒质形成络离子,使晶体表面活性降低,使器件产生暂时性老化。     

西北村镇建筑冬季室内期望温度研究

对乌鲁木齐、西宁、西安、天水、银川5个典型西北地区村镇住宅建筑各主要功能房间的使用情况、采暖情况、温度、居民热需求、衣着和活动强度等进行测试与问卷调查,以得到主要功能房间间歇采暖时间段、采暖与否两种情况下居民的期望温度、室内活动强度与服装热阻对居民期望温度的影响。结果表明：采暖和非采暖情况下,卧室期望温度分别约为15～19℃和12～14℃;采暖和非采暖情况下,客厅期望温度分别约为16～19℃和11～13℃。冬季间歇采暖时间段可取为：主卧为19：00—次日8：30,次卧为20：30—次日8：00,客厅为8：30—19：00,但考虑到时差原因,采暖时段可作相应调整。     

红树林广州小斑螟发生与气象因子的关系研究

气候是红树林虫害的重要影响因素之一。为探明气象要素与红树林虫害发生程度的关系,本文以广西北海红树林最常见的虫害——广州小斑螟（Oligochroa cantonella Caradja）为切入点,基于2004-2015年灾情面积数据及气候资料,采用Pearson相关分析法,分别于月尺度和旬尺度上筛选与广州小斑螟发生程度显著相关的关键气象因子及影响时段。结果表明研究区域内广州小斑螟的发生显著受2月上旬环境条件的影响,并与风速、降水量及温湿系数呈正相关,与日平均气温呈负相关。研究结果将为红树林广州小斑螟虫害防治预警提供技术支撑。     

黄石市室内空气中甲醛污染的调查与研究

分析黄石市居室空气中甲醛浓度的59个监测样本。结果表明装修后3年内，居室空气中甲醛超标率为86．4％。通过对室内甲醛污染的成因分析，得出以下结论：同一房间的甲醛含量随着温度变化。温度升高，甲醛含量会随之增高；选好装修材料，室内单位空间的甲醛含量就会低；室内装修设计时，考虑室内空间承栽量和通风量，以降低室内甲醛含量；不科学的装修工艺同样会造成室内甲醛污染。     

电容式湿度传感器结构优化

对圆筒形电容式湿度传感器进行合理的结构优化．依次改变极板的直径、长度、厚度、间距、个数等,利用有限元分析软件模拟上述条件下电容器极板的场强的分布,找到场强随这些参数的变化规律．分析结果发现,单层极板呈现出明显的边缘效应;随直径增大,边缘场强与内部场强的比值增大;极板越薄,边缘场强越小;适当加大极板长度,可减缓边缘场强增加的速率,但效果有限．多层极板,随间距增大,边缘场强与内部场强的比值增大,但总电容变化量减小;极板的间距应适当选取．对于多层极板,中间极板的场强有相互抵消的现象,故而可以适当减小中间极板的间距,以增加极板的个数,对测量有利．推荐了最佳尺寸．