基于有限变形理论的能量释放率和J积分增率形式

以有裂纹的瞬时位形为参考,建立的增量变形引起的裂纹扩展方程能够更真实地描述裂纹尖端的扩展机制.而真实地描述当前裂纹状态下的增量变形的困难在于,带裂纹尖端的瞬时位形相对于初始位形应满足有关的力学平衡方程.在解决裂纹扩展问题时,基于能量方法的裂纹能量释放率G和J积分是一种有效的研究方法.由于经典的微小变形理论引入的裂纹尖端模型解决问题的方法是相对于初始位形的,为得到当前裂纹状态下的增量变形的有关方程,采用能量原理和变分原理,使用有限变形的随体张量表达方式,在瞬时位形基础上,推导裂纹体的能量释放率G和J积分的增率G.和.J,建立增量变形的有关方程,从而为研究裂纹尖端的扩展问题提供了新的理论思路.     

Some considerations for high‐order ‘incremental remap’‐based transport schemes: edges,reconstructions, and area integration

The problem of two‐dimensional tracer advection on the sphere is extremely important in modeling of geophysical fluids and has been tackled using a variety of approaches. A class of popular approaches for tracer advection include ‘incremental remap’ or cell‐integrated semi‐Lagrangian‐type schemes. These schemes achieve high‐order accuracy without the need for multistage integration in time, are capable of large time steps, and tend to be more efficient than other high‐order transport schemes when applied to a large number of tracers over a single velocity field. In this paper, the simplified flux‐form implementation of the Conservative Semi‐LAgrangian Multi‐tracer scheme (CSLAM) is reformulated using quadratic curves to approximate the upstream flux volumes and Gaussian quadrature for integrating the edge flux. The high‐order treatment of edge fluxes is motivated because of poor accuracy of the CSLAM scheme in the presence of strong nonlinear shear, such as one might observe in the midlatitudes near an atmospheric jet. Without the quadratic treatment of upstream edges, we observe at most second‐order accuracy under convergence of grid resolution, which is returned to third‐order accuracy under the improved treatment. A shallow‐water barotropic instability also reveals clear evidence of grid imprinting without the quadratic correction. Consequently, these tests reveal a problem that might arise in tracer transport near nonlinearly sheared regions of the real atmosphere, particularly near cubed‐sphere panel edges. Although CSLAM is used as the foundation for this analysis, the conclusions of this paper are applicable to the general class of incremental remap schemes. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

增量竞争的评定及方法

文章提出了经济发展中增量竞争的评定方式及其计算方法.     

数据仓库中实视图聚集函数的增量更新

提出在视图表达式树中以由下到上的方式计算中间结点的变化 ,将计算出的中间结果作为辅助视图保存在数据仓库中 ,利用这些辅助视图或子视图计算出来的聚集函数的变化 ,来计算本视图聚集函数值的更新 ,实现视图的增量维护 ,从而缩短数据仓库更新维护时间 ,提高OLAP查询效率 .同时 ,介绍了实视图中聚集函数的增量更新算法 ,实现实视图聚集函数的更新维护     

The Asymmetric Exclusion Process: Comparison of Update Procedures

The asymmetric exclusion process (ASEP) has attracted a lot of interest not only because of its many applications, e.g., in the context of the kinetics of biopolymerization and traffic flow theory, but also because it is a paradigmatic model for nonequilibrium systems. Here we study the ASEP for different types of updates, namely random-sequential, sequential, sublattice-parallel, and parallel. In order to compare the effects of the different update procedures on the properties of the stationary state, we use large-scale Monte Carlo simulations and analytical methods, especially the so-called matrix-product Ansatz (MPA). We present in detail the exact solution for the model with sublattice-parallel and sequential updates using the MPA. For the case of parallel update, which is important for applications like traffic flow theory, we determine the phase diagram, the current, and density profiles based on Monte Carlo simulations. We furthermore suggest an MPA for that case and derive the corresponding matrix algebra.     

一种新的概念格增量维护算法

形式概念分析在数据分析以及机器学习领域得到了广泛的应用,作为核心数据结构的概念格的构造算法一直是形式概念分析领域的研究热点.根据概念外延的补集性质,给出并证明了概念的生成定理和超概念的生成定理,并以此为基础提出了一种新的概念格的增量维护算法,包括概念的生成和序关系建立算法,并给出了一个应用示例.     

Computational experience with known variable metric updates

Variable metric methods from the Broyden family are well known and commonly used for unconstrained minimization. These methods have good theoretical and practical convergence properties which depend on a selection of free parameters. We demonstrate, using extensive computational experiments, the influence of both the Biggs stabilization parameter and Oren scaling parameter on 12 individual variable metric updates, two of which are new. This paper focuses on a class of variable metric updates belonging to the so-called preconvex part of the Broyden family. These methods outperform the more familiar BFGS method. We also experimentally demonstrate the efficiency of the controlled scaling strategy for problems of sufficient size and sparsity.     

A Modular Incremental Model for English Full Parsing

In this paper, we present a modular incremental statistical model for English full parsing.Unlike other full parsing approaches in which the analysis of the sentence is a uniform process,our model separates the full parsing into shallow parsing and sentence skeleton parsing. In shallow parsing, we finish POS tagging, Base NP identification, prepositional phrase attachment and sub-ordinate clause identification. In skeleton parsing, we use a layered feature-oriented statistical method. Modularity possesses the advantage of solving different problems in parsing with corre-sponding mechanisms. Feature-oriented rule is able to express the complex lingual phenomena at the key point if needed. Evaluated on Penn Treebank corpus, we obtained 89.2 % precision and 89.8% recall.     

夏热冬冷地区绿色建筑外墙节能特性的LBM模拟及效益分析

针对夏热冬冷地区绿色建筑中外墙的典型保温方式和常见保温材料,采用多松弛时间格子玻尔兹曼方法建立瞬态共轭传热数值模型,分析间歇耗能条件下墙体的瞬态热传导过程,进而得出不同类型保温外墙的节能特性。在此基础上,发展保温墙体增量综合效益的计算方法,分析绿色建筑外墙的增量成本及其增量效益,进而建立外墙增量综合效益评价模型,获取保温外墙最优设计方案。研究数据表明,采取内保温方式的外墙在该地区具有最佳的节能特性,尽管采用不同保温方式和保温材料的外墙均具有一定的节能特性,然而,在其全生命周期内,使用外保温方式以及增量成本较高的保温材料的墙体的增量综合效益出现负值,因此,不适宜在工程实践中应用。此外,研究结果显示,尽管增加保温层厚度可以在一定程度上强化外墙的保温性能,然而,增加保温层厚度会产生额外的增量成本,因此,绿色建筑项目实践中应综合考虑墙体节能特性及其增量成本进而选取适宜的保温层厚度,从而实现其全生命周期内增量综合效益的最大化。     

Numerical Investigation of Large Elastoplastic Strains of Three-Dimensional Bodies

A method of stress—strain analysis of elastoplastic bodies with large displacements, rotations, and finite strains is developed. The incremental loading technique is used within the framework of the arbitrary Lagrangian—Eulerian formulation. Constitutive equations are derived which relate the Jaumann derivative of the Cauchy—Euler stress tensor and the strain rate. The spatial discretization is based on the FEM and multilinear three-dimensional isoparametric approximation. An algorithm of stress—strain analysis of elastic, hyperelastic, and perfectly plastic bodies is given. Numerical examples demonstrate the capabilities of the method and its software implementation __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika, Vol. 41, No. 6, pp. 36–43, June 2005.