A note on taxation,incentives and risk sharing

The necessary and sufficient conditions for a tax system to guarantee the consistency of private and public evaluation of risky projects are derived. A stochastic dominance approach is used.     

高新技术企业股权激励与企业绩效的实证分析 ——基于我国信息技术上市企业的面板数据

选择具有代表意义的信息技术上市企业为样本,采用2007-2009年的面板数据随机效应模型,实证研究高新技术企业股权激励与企业绩效之间的关系,验证了两者之间存在三次曲线关系.当高管持股比例低于20.34％和高于49.70％时,企业绩效与高管持股比例呈正相关关系;当高管持股比例处于(20.34％,49.70％)区间时,企业绩效与高管持股比例呈负相关关系.据此建议,企业应该根据自身特点与行业发展状况合理实施股权激励,以更好地增进企业绩效.     

基于高校发展战略、教师合理绩效激励与高校发展成果的薪酬激励研究

以东部高校教师绩效收入为样本,基于高校发展战略分别从教师绩效收入三个方面分析发展战略的差异是否导致薪酬激励的差异;各种发展战略分别与何种薪酬激励方式相匹配。分析结果表明高校在选择教师绩效激励模式时应考虑自身发展战略,同时尽量做到绩效激励的合理化。对于高校教师薪酬激励体系设计具有一定的现实意义。     

Analysis of supply chains with quantity based fixed incentives

This paper examines the use of quantity based fixed incentives to coordinate inventory decisions in a decentralized supply chain. We consider a two stage supply chain of autonomous supplier and distributor and prove that the optimal ordering policy for the newsvendor distributor under fixed incentives is an (s,S)$(s\text{,}S)$ type policy. We further show that external and internal quantity based incentives can restore channel coordination in single period and channel members can benefit through arbitrary splitting of the resulting additional chain profit. The single period results are extended to multiple periods and the impact of fixed incentives on the distributor’s optimal stocking policy and channel efficiency are examined under three different multi-period supplier strategies. Numerical examples are used to compare the multi-period strategies and to provide additional managerial insights. The results show that contrary to common belief, incentive plans developed and maintained based only on current inventory data perform poorly in long term and that such incentive plans must be periodically updated to enhance their efficiency. Furthermore, we show that high level of incentives designed to push too much inventory downstream of the supply chain can actually reduce the chain’s efficiency.     

基于操作性条件反射的激励型双语教学探讨

双语教学的有效性除了外在物质客观条件,关键在于学习主体(学生)的学习习得能力。本文根据操作性条件反射理论,剖析了高校双语教学的本质,从战略上重新审视激励型双语教学,指出双语教学的瓶颈在于对学生的激励与有效强化,并从教学目标、强化力度、强化的及时性及情感强化等方面提出了激励途径,最终实现快乐有效的双语教学与学习。     

应对气候变化政府间博弈行为模型研究

气候保护是一种维持公共资源的问题。世界上的所有国家都应该为应对气候变化而采取行动。然而,这样的行动实际上是一个博弈的过程,在这个过程中每个国家在约束条件下选择参与减排或是放弃减排。提出一种世界各国应对气候变化博弈过程的模拟模型。模型中,我们假设每个国家是分布在空间网络中的一点,并提出一种新的演化规则来模拟各个国家的博弈过程。数值模拟的结果表明,受到国际基金组织的奖惩政策影响的国家在是否协作参与减排的问题上的决策会出现一些局域性的波动。     

员工知识共享意愿激励机制概念模型的构建

针对员工知识共享中个体理性与集体理性冲突导致缺乏共享意愿的问题,应用行为博弈中的序贯互惠博弈模型,对员工知识共享行为进行分析,并以此为基础构建了员工知识共享意愿激励机制的概念模型.指出员工知识共享意愿激励机制应当以增强员工个人互惠倾向为核心,以培育知识共享文化和强化员工信任关系为主要内容,以薪酬制度、培训和组织设计为主要手段.     

考虑奖惩结构的项目导向型供应链跨组织多阶段动态激励

在项目型组织之间平等合作的基础上,纳入项目管理公司给予承包商的奖惩结构,构建项目导向型供应链跨组织多阶段动态激励模型,剖析项目导向型供应链奖惩结构对各自努力水平、项目净收益、项目成功概率等的影响,并对模型分析结果进行算例分析。结果表明:项目管理公司对承包商实施奖励与惩罚相结合的策略,伴随项目进度逐步加大奖惩力度不仅能提高项目阶段性成功的概率,而且能有效防范承包商的道德风险行为和实现合作双方净收益的相对改善。     

The effects of resource limitation and consensual incentives on cooperation

Exploring the evolution of cooperation has been one of the most challenging topics and attracted increasing attention in various realms. Hereby, we institute an analytic model where the relationship between the common benefits and contributions is the typical saturation nonlinearity. We investigate the evolutionary dynamics of cooperation with and without consensual incentives respectively. The population always evolves to full defection when the incentives are absent. Cooperation, however, can be promoted by consensual incentives when the degree of cooperators' preferences for incentives is great. There exists an intermediate amount of resources at which the positive effect of consensual incentives on cooperation is minimized. Furthermore, there is a U-shape relationship between the degree of cooperators' preference for an incentive and the evolution of cooperation. A greater basin of full cooperation can be induced when the cooperators' preference for reward is more pronounced than that for punishment.     

ROYALTY INCENTIVES AND GULF OF MEXICO OIL PRODUCTION

ABSTRACT. This paper employs field‐specific estimates of Pindyck's (1978) widely cited model of natural resource supply to simulate effects of changes in federal royalty rates on the timing of exploration and output by firms in the deepwater Gulf of Mexico oil industry. Results suggest that deepwater Gulf oil production is highly inelastic with respect to changes in royalty rates. Royalty rate decreases are shown to increase early period exploration effort, result in little change in reserve additions and future production. Policy implications of this study suggest that public officials should be wary of arguments that large increases in deepwater Gulf oil field activity can be obtained from reductions in federal royalty rates‐particularly reductions in the early years of oil field development.