钒(V)化合物在硫酸中的电化学行为研究

应用循环伏安法和旋转环盘电极法研究了H2 SO4 溶液中五价钒化合物 (NH4 VO3和V2 O5)的电化学行为 .由光滑Pt电极测得其CV图 ,两者的基本峰位和峰形都很相似 ,通常出现三个还原峰和三个氧化峰 ,但NH4 VO3多一个氧化峰 ,RRDE测定也出现了四个氧化峰 ,本文分析了这些对应峰的反应 ,并给予初步解释     

二硅烷表面活性剂的合成与表面性能测定

合成了一种新型有机硅表面活性剂--聚醚改性二硅烷。 首先以(CH3)3SiCl和(CH3)2HSiCl为原料,金属钠作还原偶合剂,二甲苯作溶剂,用Wurtz偶合法合成了含氢二硅烷,对其结构进行了红外光谱、紫外吸收光谱和气相色谱表征,并确定了合成最佳反应条件：n((CH3)3SiCl)∶n((CH3)2HSiCl)=1.2∶1,反应物浓度为1.8 mol/L,助剂15-冠醚-5用量为总反应原料质量的2%,反应温度为80 ℃,反应时间为11 h。 再以合成的含氢二硅烷和甲基封端烯丙基聚醚（Mr=400）为原料,在Karstedt铂催化剂作用下进行硅氢加成反应,合成了聚醚改性二硅烷表面活性剂,确定的合成反应最佳温度为95 ℃,时间为4 h;该表面活性剂的表面张力为22.49 mN/m,临界胶束浓度为0.9 g/L,在pH值为6.94和4.12的水溶液中,具有良好的水解稳定性。     

少数民族地区大学生饮食行为调查与分析

以内蒙古民族大学在校生为研究对象,采用问卷调查法研究了1421名大学生的饮食行为.结果表明,不同生源地、不同民族和不同年级大学生的饮食行为存在较为明显的差异,少数民族地区大学生的饮食行为具有一定的特殊性.在此基础上,探讨了少数民族地区大学生饮食健康教育和饮食干预应注意的问题.     

New route to hybrid materials: Rhodium complex and fluoride ion catalysed hydrolysis of hydrogenosilanes

An alternative route to organosilsesquioxanes by hydrolytic condensation of the Si-H bonds of trihydrosilanes is described. This method avoids the formation of alcohols or acids since the leaving group is removed as hydrogen gas. The influence of the catalyst, ClRh(PPh₃)₃ or fluoride anion, on the properties of the resulting materials is discussed.     

填料与聚合物亲合性的流变行为表征

总结了用流变行为表征填料与聚合物亲合性的方法,并对挤出过程中的填料颗粒排列、弹性效应及颗粒体积分数的影响进行了讨论。提出该法的适用条件。     

Hydrolytic condensation of trialkoxysilanes in the presence of alkali metal and copper(ii) ions. Influence of the reaction conditions on the structure of Cu/M organosiloxanes

The formation of polyhedral copper/sodium(potassium) organosiloxanes was examined as a result of hydrolytic condensation of organotrialkoxysilanes in the presence of copper(ii) and sodium or potassium ions. High selectivity of the synthesis of copper/sodium(potassium) organosiloxanes having desired structures can be achieved by choosing the reaction conditions.     

双锌配合物Zn2(DTPB)Cl4水解DNA

本工作用光谱表征、电泳分离及高效液相色谱(HPLC)等方法考察了双锌配合物Zn₂(DTPB)Cl₄(DTPB=1,1,4,7,7-五(2′-苯并咪唑-2-基甲基)三氮杂庚烷)与DNA的结合及其导致的DNA水解断裂作用。结果表明Zn₂(DTPB)Cl₄是DNA水解的有效促进剂,以超螺旋DNA作为水解底物,其消失的反应符合准一级速率定律,初步估算其速率常数为2.4×10^-5s^-1     

Micellar behavior of short chains phospholipids binary mixture in an aqueous medium: interfacial and fluorescence study

The mixed micellar behavior of short chain zwitterionic phospholipids 1,2-dioctanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) and 1,2-diheptanoyl-sn-glycero- 3-phosphocholine (DHPC) have been studied at the air-water interface and in the aqueous bulk phase via interfacial tension and pyrene fluorescence (I₁/I₃) intensity measurements, respectively. The critical micellar concentration (cmc) and the thermodynamic parameters such as the free energy of micellization have been evaluated. The interfacial study reveals that a mixed monolayer is formed at the air-water interface by the adsorption of both of the phospholipids. This has been confirmed by evaluating interfacial parameters; the maximum surface excess (_max) or the minimum area per molecule (A_min) of those monomers. Their mixing behaviors have also been expressed in terms of the regular solution interaction parameter, , in the mixed micelle. The parameters are not significantly different from each other, and very close to zero; in other words they are consistent with ideal behavior. The equilibrium distribution of components between the micelle and the aqueous bulk was evaluated by Motomura's formulation. The micellar mole fraction evaluated from regular solution theory and Motomura's formulation also lies close to that corresponding to ideal behavior.     

四核铁配合物[Fe4(NTB)4(μ2-O)2(μ4-Suc)](ClO4)6促进DNA水解

四核铁配合物[Fe₄(NTB)₄(μ₂-O)₂(μ₄-Suc)](ClO₄)₆与DNA具有较强的结合作用，结合常数k_{b达(5.9±0.4)×10⁵ L·mol^-1。该多核铁配合物由水解途径促进DNA断裂，在酸性及低离子浓度条件下的促进作用较为显著。动力学分析表明DNA水解没有明显的序列选择性，质粒DNA从超螺旋转变为切口形式符合饱和酶动力学规律，饱和速率常数ksat=0.014 min^-1。}     

Hydrolytic degradation of poly(rac‐lactide) and poly[(rac‐lactide)‐co‐glycolide] at the air–water interface

The understanding of the simultaneous transport and chain‐scission phenomena involved in the hydrolysis of bulk‐degrading polymers requires the experimental separation of chain cleavage and water diffusion. The hydrolytic chain cleavage of poly(rac‐lactide) rac‐(PLA) and poly[(rac‐lactide)‐co‐glycolide] (PLGA) is analysed on the basis of monolayer degradation experiments combined with an improved data reduction procedure. Different, partly contradictory models of the hydrolytic degradation and erosion mechanism of PLA and PLGA, namely random chain scission and chain‐end scission, are discussed in the literature. The instantaneous linear area reduction observed for the polymer Langmuir films indicates a chain‐end scission mechanism. As monolayers of end‐capped and non‐end‐capped polymers degrade with exactly the same rate, the observed differences in the degradation kinetics of bulk samples do clearly result from differences in the water penetration into these polymers. A pronounced ‘auto‐inhibition’ effect is observed for the polymers degraded at initially high pH of the aqueous subphase in the absence of buffers. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.