油田配电网理论线损计算

分析了抽油机的负荷特性,提出一种改进的油田配电网理论线损计算方法。该方法将抽油机的瞬时有功功率近似表示成正弦的形式,分别得出有单台和汇有多台抽油机负荷的导线和变压器的线损电量表达式,推导出考虑负荷波动与不考虑负荷波动时支路的可变损耗电量计算值之间的关系表达式。对某油田一条具有13个负荷的典型配电线路的理论线损电量进行了计算,并分别与常规潮流计算方法和实测结果进行了比较。结果表明,提出的方法可行,并且提高了理论线损的计算精度。     

水解稳定性聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)的研制

本文讨论了聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(聚酯)在湿热条件下的水解和阻止水解的机理和方法。将合成的水解稳定剂添加到聚酯切片中进行纺丝和水解试验。结果表明,在60～130℃饱和蒸汽长达96h 处理后,水解稳定性聚酯纤维的强度保持率较普通聚酯的高30%以上;水解速率仅为普通聚酯的1/2～1/3(分别为1.7×10~(-6)～4×10~(-4)和3.9×10~(-6)～7.9×10~(-4));水解活化能比普通聚酯的高2.72kJ/mol 左右;纤维热失重(TGA)结果表明,水解稳定性聚酯的分解峰温度比普通聚酯的高10℃左右。     

浓缩蛋白1号在肉鸡饲粮中完全替代进口鱼粉

随着饲料科技的不断发展,用各种各样的低成本蛋白质资源(如饲料酵母、肉骨粉等)替代畜禽日粮中进口鱼粉的研究越来越多,但对于浓缩蛋白1号饲喂效果的研究,目前未见报导。浓缩蛋白1号是以酶化血粉为主要原料,再与其它动物蛋白饲料匹配而成的一种高蛋白营养饲料。经河南省农科院实验鸡场肉鸡饲喂试验以及周口市蛋白质饲料厂大面积推广试验结果一致,表明浓缩蛋白1号在肉鸡饲粮中可以全部替代进口鱼粉,在某种程序上还优于进口鱼粉。     

Polymorphism of Acrylic and Methacrylic Acid Esters Containing Long Fluorocarbon Chains and Their Polymerizability

The molecular aggregation of acrylic and methacrylic acid esters containing long-fluorocarbon chains: 2-(perfluoroalkyl)ethyl acrylate (FF_nEA) and 2-(perfluoroalkyl)ethyl methacrylate (FF_nEMA) (F(CF₂)_nCH₂CH₂OCOC(X)=CH₂, where X=H, CH₃ and n=6, 8, 10) was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and temperature controlled X-ray powder diffraction measurement. These compounds exhibited some characteristic polymorphic behaviors depending on the length of fluorocarbon chain and the -position methyl group. The solid-state polymerization by -ray irradiation was studied for these compounds in the various crystal forms. In the solid-state polymerization, highest polymerizability was observed in the crystal form that exists in the highest temperature region for each compound.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

N2分压对ZrN/WN纳米多层膜缺陷性质与力学性能的影响

利用射频磁控溅射系统在不同N₂分压的条件下，制备了一系列ZrN/WN纳米多层膜.借助慢正电子湮没技术分析了样品的缺陷性质，采用纳米压痕仪研究了多层膜的力学性能.结果发现：N₂分压为0.4Pa的多层膜具有最小的空位型缺陷浓度，其中心层和膜基结合层的平均S参数分别为0.4402和0.4641，而较低或较高的N₂分压都可能导致空位型缺陷浓度的增加.随着空位型缺陷浓度的减小，多层膜的硬度和临界载荷增大.对于空位型缺陷浓度最小的多层膜，其硬度和临界载荷达到最大值，分别为34.8GPa和100mN，说明较低的缺陷浓度有利于提高多层膜的力学性能. 关键词： ZrN/WN纳米多层膜 缺陷性质 力学性能 慢正电子湮没     

重庆体育专业学生营养知识及饮食态度行为调查研究

运用文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理统计法等方法,对重庆8所高校500名体育专业学生营养知识及饮食态度行为的现状及其相互关系进行了调查、分析与研究,其结果表明,学生饮食态度较好,但营养知识总体得分率偏低、饮食行为存在着明显问题,提出应加强体育专业学生营养知识教育,改善饮食行为,以提高学生的健康素质.     

Effects of different sintering temperature and Nb2O5 content on structural and magnetic properties of Z-type hexaferrites

Nb-doped Z-type hexaferrites (Ba₃(Co_0.4Zn_0.6)₂Fe₂₄O₄₁) with composition of Ba₃(Co_0.4Zn_0.6)₂Fe₂₄O₄₁+x Nb₂O₅ (where x=0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.2, 1.6 and 2.0 wt%) were prepared by a solid-state reaction method. The effects of different sintering temperature (T_s) and Nb₂O₅ content on the sintering behaviors, phase composing, microstructure, and magnetic properties of the samples were investigated. The results from X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy show that as the amount of Nb₂O₅ additive increases, the major phase changes to Z-phase, Simultaneously, M-phase and a small amount of niobate phase appear. The Nb₂O₅ additive promotes the grain growth as reaction center at lower sintering temperature (1220 °C), but at higher temperature (1260 °C), niobate phase separated out in grain boundaries as secondary phase will restrain abnormal grain growth, so closed pores in grains are not formed. The Nb₂O₅ additive can enhance densification, improve initial permeability of hexaferrites by increasing the grain growth of hexaferrite and the displacement of ions in the sintering process due to the aberration and activation of crystal lattice, which is accompanied by the solubility of Nb⁵⁺ in the hexaferrites. A relative density of 96%, maximum initial permeability (32–33), minimum coercivity (454–455 A/m) and resonance frequency above 400 MHz were obtained for the sample with 0.8 wt% Nb₂O₅ sintered at 1260 °C for 6 h.     

Site-specifically Hydrolytic Cleavage of Oxidized Insulin B Chain With Cu(II) Ion

Selectively chemical cleavage of peptides and proteins is one of the most important reactions in both chemical and biochemical processes. Over the past decade, the interaction of palladium(II) complexes with methionine, cysteine and histidine-containing peptides and proteins and the hydrolytic cleavage of the corresponding amide bond by Pd(II) complexes have been extensively studied1-13. However, reports concerning the directly selective hydrolysis of peptides and proteins with other simple …     

Polyurethane vascular prostheses in pigs

Microporous, compliant vascular prostheses made from segmented polyurethanes of various molecular stability, have been implanted in the infrarenal aorta of young pigs. Prostheses prepared from a hydrolytically suble polyetherurethane showed a limited patency up to 1 month. Composite prostheses with the wall made from a hydrolytically stable polyurethane and the lumen side prepared from a degradable polyurethane, were patent up to one year. A degradable layer of this composite prosthesis induced the growth of a neo-artery. Prostheses prepared from a degradable polyurethane alone, were substituted within 4 months with a functional neo-artery.Presented in part at the 17th International Biomaterials Symposium, San Diego, California, April 1985.     

An experimental method for measuring friction behaviors of linear rolling guides

Friction behaviors of linear rolling guides （LRGs） are determined by many factors and are crucial for precision positioning. It is difficult to create an expression to describe the friction behaviors exactly and completely. A new experimental method for measuring the friction behaviors of one LRG individually was developed, and linear motor direct drive technology is utilized in the experiment setup. The position signal is acquired by a grating, and the friction of the LRG is deduced by the product of the mass of the moving part and its acceleration. In the experiment, the LRG can move with the friction only, and the friction transition from normal rolling to pre- rolling stage was detected. The asperities＇ deformations were utilized to explain it. Hysteresis loops and internal loops were measured. The results indicate the non-local memory of the LRG, and the historical trajectory have an important impact on the friction behaviors of LRGs in the pre-rolling stage.