聚[(甲氧基乙氧基乙氧基)1.0(乙氧基吡咯烷酮)1.0]膦腈的合成及性能研究

用三氯化铝催化六氯三聚膦腈开环聚合制得线性聚二氯膦腈(PDCP), 通过PDCP磷原子上的亲核取代反应, 合成了新的水溶性高分子聚[(甲氧基乙氧基乙氧基)_1.0(乙氧基吡咯烷酮)_1.0]膦腈(P3), 用³¹P NMR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和IR对其结构进行了确证, 用DSC测定了其玻璃化转变温度T_g和熔融温度T_m, 用蒸汽压渗透法(VPO)测定了其数均分子量. 改进了聚二(乙氧基吡咯烷酮)膦腈(P2)的合成方法. 体外降解实验表明, P3具有和P2类似的pH响应性降解行为, 降解速率在pH=5.0时最快, 而在pH=7.4和8.0时较慢. P3在所测试的3个pH缓冲溶液中均比P2降解慢. 用³¹P NMR、薄层色谱(TLC)和滴定法对降解产物进行了检测, 初步推断了P3在不同pH介质中的水解机理, 其在pH=5.0的缓冲溶液中的降解, 除侧链断裂外, 聚膦腈的骨架也裂解; 而在pH=7.4和8.0时的降解仅为侧链的断裂. 用噻唑蓝(MTT)比色法进行的体外细胞毒性评价实验表明, P3及其在pH=5.0的缓冲溶液中降解49 d后的产物均对细胞表现出了很好的生物相容性, 而且其降解产物在浓度为800 μg/mL时还表现出一定的促进细胞增殖作用.     

Analysis of viscosity abnormalities of polyelectrolytes in dilute solutions

It was found that the interface effects in viscous capillary flow influenced the process of viscosity measurement greatly,and the abnormal viscosity behaviors of polyelectrolytes as well as neutral polymers in dilute solution region were ascribed to interface effect.According to this theory,we have reviewed the previous viscosity data of derivatives of poly-2- vinylpyridine reported by Maclay and Fuoss first.Then,the abnormal viscosity behaviors of a series of sodium polystyrene sulfonate samples with various molecular weights in dilute aqueous solutions were studied further.The solute adsorption behaviors and structural information of polymers have been discussed carefully.     

几种高性能纤维束的冲击动力学性能实验研究

利用直拉式Hopkinson装置研究了碳纤维、无碱E玻璃纤维、Kevlar 4 9/96 4 /96 4c、Twaron2 0 0 0、DyneemaSk6 6等纤维的动态拉伸性能。与准静态加载条件下相比 ,纤维束的拉伸强度基本与应变速率无关(玻璃纤维除外 ) ,而纤维束的弹性模量和失效应变随应变率的升高而明显变大。从高分子物理以及两种无机纤维的内部微观结构特征对纤维的力学性能与加载速率的关系进行了初步的物理阐释。讨论了实验数据的发散原因。     

RUIN PROBABILITY IN A SEMI-MARKOV RISK MODEL WITH CONSTANT INTEREST FORCE AND HEAVY-TAILED CLAIMS

In the present paper, we consider a kind of semi-Markov risk model （SMRM） with constant interest force and heavy-tailed claims~ in which the claim rates and sizes are conditionally independent, both fluctuating according to the state of the risk business. First, we derive a matrix integro-differential equation satisfied by the survival probabilities. Second, we analyze the asymptotic behaviors of ruin probabilities in a two-state SMRM with special claim amounts. It is shown that the asymptotic behaviors of ruin probabilities depend only on the state 2 with heavy-tailed claim amounts, not on the state 1 with exponential claim sizes.     

论行政赔偿范围的扩大

对我国目前的行政赔偿范围进行了反思。认为我国现行的《国家赔偿法》主要以列举方式确定的行政赔偿范围,极大限制了行政赔偿范围。建议采取“概括加否定排除式”的立法模式扩大行政赔偿范围,将行政规章以下的抽象行政行为、行政不作为行为和精神损害赔偿纳入行政赔偿范围。     

Electroactive shape memory cyanate/polybutadiene epoxy composites filled with carbon black

Electroactive shape memory composites were synthesized using polybutadiene epoxy(PBEP) and bisphenol A type cyanate ester(BACE) filled with different contents of carbon black(CB). Dynamic mechanical analysis(DMA), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), electrical performance and electroactive shape memory behavior were systematically investigated. It is found that the volume resistivity decreased due to excellent electrical conductivity of CB, in turn resulting in good electroactive shape memory properties. The content of CB and applied voltage had significant influence on electroactive shape memory effect of developed BACE/PBEP/CB composites. Shape recovery can be observed within a few seconds with the CB content of 5 wt% and voltage of 60 V. Shape recovery time decreased with increasing content of CB and voltage. The infrared thermometer revealed that the temperature rises above the glass transition temperature faster with the increase of voltage and the decrease of resistance.     

大学生体育行为与心理健康关系的研究

对河南省部分高校大学生的体育行为和心理健康现状的调查结果表明，目前大学生的心理健康现状并不乐观，很多学生具有不同程度的心理障碍和潜在问题。经对体育行为与心理健康之间的相关性进行分析，针对存在的问题提出了可行性建议，希望能为高校构建健康教育体系提供理论依据。     

华南花岗岩风化壳中稀土的存在形态及迁移富集模式

本文从化学形态角度，确立了一个ＲＥ形态分析流程，得出风化壳中ＲＥ化学形态可分为活性态，Ｆｅ，Ａｌ共沉淀态及有机结合态３种，全风化层样品中ＲＥ多数以活性态为主，但平远Ｃ剖面ＲＥ却以有机结合态占大多数，活性态、有机结合态ＲＥ与粘土矿物关系密切，而Ｆｅ，Ａｌ共沉淀态的ＲＥ与粘土矿物关系不大，原岩溶出试验表明，ＲＥ在有机介质中的溶出量一般高于无机介质，ＲＥ最大可能是呈有机无机混配络离子迁移，迁移、富集过程是络合、水解、沉淀和吸附反应同时出现，反应受ｐＨ控制，本文初步建立了花岗岩风化壳中ＲＥ往下迁移、富集的模式。     

Y-Ba-Cu-O系超导体的水解性研究

高转变温度T_c的Y—Ba—Cu—O系超导体是目前最引人注目的超导材料。这种超导体在液氮沸点温度以上有稳定的零电阻温度T_o。对于不同的Y、Ba和Cu组分比,只要采用相应的烧结条件,均能制备出T_c>90K的超导样品。我们在实验中发现,此种体系超导体无论组分如何,均有明显的水解特性,最终失去超导电性。水解的最终生成物由X射线衍射测定决定。另外,利用计算机对超导体完全水解的温度-时间关系进行了模拟计算。我们以组分比Y:Ba:Cu=1:2:3均匀混料,在850℃下预烧4小时(h),然后磨碎并过筛,压制成直径16mm、厚度1.5mm的圆片,在960℃下通氧烧结9小时,得到     

Boltzmann叠加原理在聚合物粘弹性理论中的应用

将Boltzmann叠加原理应用于聚合物粘弹性理论,由此可以把几种粘弹性行为互相联系起来,由1种力学行为推算另1种力学行为,而无需诸如弹簧和粘壶这一类模型.利用拉普拉斯变换推出蠕变柔量和应力松弛模量间的关系,因此可以把动态力学实验看成无数个应力为Δiσ的蠕变和回复实验的总效应,从而推出了动态力学实验和静态力学实验间的关系.