焊钉连接件抗拉承载力试验研究

为建立组合结构桥梁常用焊钉连接件的抗拉承载力计算方法,进行了高度分别为100、200、300和400mm的焊钉连接件抗拉承载性能模型试验,比较分析了高度对破坏模态、承载力和峰值分离的影响;基于国内外93个模型试验结果,比较分析了ACI 318-08、PCI 5th和CEB-ECCS等标准所建议抗拉承载力计算式与试验结果的吻合度;给出了防止焊钉拔出、边缘混凝土压裂和混凝土掀起等脆性破坏的限制条件;结合脆性破坏限制条件和延性破坏抗拉承载力计算式提出了焊钉连接件延性破坏抗拉承载力计算方法.研究结果表明:焊钉受拉延性破坏时的承载力和峰值分离约为脆性破坏时的1.5和5.8倍;ACI 318-08所建议计算式与试验结果吻合度较高;分别采用混凝土强度等级、焊钉缘端距离及焊钉高径比作为限制条件,能够防止焊钉受拉时发生脆性破坏;提出的焊钉连接件延性破坏抗拉承载力计算方法,可为焊钉连接件的延性设计提供参考.     

钢骨-钢管高强混凝土偏心受压柱非线性分析

为研究钢骨-钢管高强混凝土偏心受压柱的力学性能,采用ABAQUS有限元软件分析偏心距、长细比、材料强度等因素对压弯柱力学性能的影响,并对数据回归分析以建立承载力公式.结果表明:基于ABAQUS软件所模拟的荷载-变形曲线与试验曲线吻合良好;偏心矩、长细比对偏心受压构件的受力性能影响较大,套箍率影响次之,材料强度和型钢截面形状对其影响相对较小;偏心受压承载力公式计算结果与试验结果吻合良好.     

NaCl溶液中20Cr9Ni5Co14不锈钢电化学腐蚀行为

采用电化学极化技术(动电位极化技术、线性极化技术和循环极化技术)和交流阻抗技术研究了不同条件下20Cr9Ni5Co14超高强度不锈钢的电化学腐蚀行为,并采用扫描电镜对极化后腐蚀形貌进行了表征.结果表明,20Cr9Ni5Co14钢在3.5%(质量分数)Na Cl溶液中出现钝化.随着Na Cl浓度的升高,钝化现象消失,而自腐蚀电流密度从8.223×10-7A/cm2减小至1.129×10-7A/cm2;随着p H值的降低,20Cr9Ni5Co14钢的致钝电位和过钝化电位增加.在p H值高于3时,腐蚀产物膜具有良好的耐腐蚀性能而导致反应步骤成为控制步骤.而当p H值降低到2时,腐蚀产物溶解速度很快,金属界面发生腐蚀速率很大,浓差极化成为了控制步骤.对腐蚀形貌研究表明,20Cr9Ni5Co14钢在极化过程中出现点腐蚀,导致了材料的耐腐蚀性能下降.     

热轧组织对高强度冷轧TRIP钢力学性能的影响

采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射、拉伸试验等方法研究了热轧组织对含Al冷轧TRIP钢热处理后组织与力学性能的影响.通过不同轧后冷却方式得到三种不同的热轧组织:组织细小的F+P+B试样;F+B试样;F+P试样.热轧组织细小的试样热处理后含有较多的粒状贝氏体和较少的残余奥氏体组织,强度最高达到996MPa,延伸率为20.8%.另两种试样组织为多边形铁素体、粒状贝氏体以及较多的残余奥氏体组织.F+B试样延伸率可达29.4%,强塑积为26 812.8 MPa·%.F+P试样热处理后带状组织的危害不易消除.     

高校图书馆对外开放的"冷热"现象及原因

总结了我国高校图书馆对外开放过程中的3组"冷热"现象,分析了形成这些现象的原因,探讨了"制度""态度""力度"三"度"合一在高校图书馆对外开放中的重要性.     

钢桥面板加劲肋焊缝位置热点应力数值分析

采用8节点单元和20节点单元分别建立钢桥面板U肋焊接部位的有限元分析模型,分析不同单元尺寸划分对模型分析精度的影响,对比两种模型计算差异,并分析不同热点应力取值方法的区别.分析结果表明,随着单元尺寸的减小,顶板表面弯曲应力增大,板厚方向弯曲应力增大.相对而言,20节点单元模型计算结果更容易收敛,对于8节点单元模型建议设置8层单元,20节点单元模型建议设置4层单元.在热点应力的取值方法中,表面外推法结果稳定,表面以下1 mm应力法结果受单元尺寸的影响.     

切削刀具多弧离子镀膜的应用研究

多弧离子镀膜是PVD(Physical Vapor Deposition物理气相沉积)技术中硬质耐磨镀层的主要方法之一,在刀具、模具上应用较多,也是近年来刀具表面强化的主要研究方向.文章研究了多弧离子镀膜技术在高速钢立铣刀表面涂镀纳米复合膜TiN/AlSiN,使其使用寿命得到提高.     

Fabrication of plain carbon steel/high chromium white cast iron bimetal by a liquid-solid composite casting process

High-chromium white cast iron (HCWCI) is one of the most widely used engineering materials in the mining and cement indus-tries. However, in some components, such as the pulverizer plates of ash mills, the poor machinability of HCWCI creates difficulties. The bimetal casting technique is a suitable method for improving the machinability of HCWCI by joining an easily machined layer of plain car-bon steel (PCS) to its hard part. In this study, the possibility of PCS/HCWCI bimetal casting was investigated using sand casting. The inves-tigation was conducted by optical and electron microscopy and non-destructive, impact toughness, and tensile tests. The hardness and chemical composition profiles on both sides of the interface were plotted in this study. The results indicated that a conventional and low-cost casting technique could be a reliable method for producing PCS/HCWCI bimetal. The interfacial microstructure comprised two distinct lay-ers:a very fine, partially spheroidized pearlite layer and a coarse full pearlite layer. Moreover, characterization of the microstructure revealed that the interface was free of defects.     

A coupled model of TiN inclusion growth in GCr15SiMn during solidification in the electroslag remelting process

TiN inclusions observed in an ingot produced by electroslag remelting (ESR) are extremely harmful to GCr15SiMn steel. There-fore, accurate predictions of the growth size of these inclusions during steel solidification are significant for clean ESR ingot production. On the basis of our previous work, a coupled model of solute microsegregation and TiN inclusion growth during solidification has been estab-lished. The results demonstrate that compared to a non-coupled model, the coupled model predictions of the size of TiN inclusions are in good agreement with experimental results using scanning electron microscopy with energy disperse spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Because of high cooling rate, the sizes of TiN inclusions in the edge area of the ingots are relatively small compared to the sizes in the center area. Dur-ing the ESR process, controlling the content of Ti in the steel is a feasible and effective method of decreasing the sizes of TiN inclusions.     

硫氰酸钾/硫脲复合物对45碳钢的缓蚀性能评价

本研究借助静态腐蚀失重法确定了硫氰酸钾/硫脲缓蚀剂的最佳配方,并分别研究了该配方在5%硫酸、5%硝酸及5%盐酸中对45碳钢的缓蚀性能。结果表明:在5%硫酸溶液中,使用硫氰酸钾:硫脲为7:3的质量比配方,缓蚀剂为0.2%时对45碳钢的缓蚀达到最大,缓蚀率为82.3%;在5%硝酸溶液中,使用硫氰酸钾:硫脲为4:6的质量比配方,缓蚀剂的加入量为0.1%时对45碳钢的缓蚀率可达到99%以上;在5%盐酸中,只需加入0.2%的复合缓蚀剂(硫氰酸钾:硫脲=4:6),对45碳钢的缓蚀率可以达到76%。Tafel极化曲线表明硫氰酸钾/硫脲复合物的加入可以明显地降低45碳钢在3种酸溶液中的腐蚀电流。