Enhanced Peroxidase‐Like Properties of Graphene–Hemin‐Composite Decorated with Au Nanoflowers as Electrochemical Aptamer Biosensor for the Detection of K562 Leukemia Cancer Cells

Graphene composites with hemin and gold nanoparticles show a better performance for hydrogen peroxide decomposition compared to that of the three components alone or duplex/hybrid complexes. Our previous studies showed that the morphology of the Au nanoparticles may greatly influence the catalytic activity of graphene‐family peroxidase mimics. Recently, we found that Au nanoflowers could grow in situ and form on the surface of hemin/RGO (reduced graphene oxide). The prickly morphology of this Au nanoflower brought a higher catalytic ability with enhanced kinetic parameters than traditional Au nanoparticles that showed a smooth surface. Therefore, based on this discovery, a smart electrochemical aptamer biosensor for K562 leukemia cancer cells was further presented with good performance in selectivity and sensitivity attributed to the excellent mimetic peroxidase catalytic activity of this newly synthesized Au nanoflower decorated graphene–hemin composite (H‐RGO‐Au NFs).     

不同耐肥性的小麦品种幼苗硝酸还原酶、过氧化物酶活力及同功酶的研究

在不同耐肥性的6个小麦品种幼苗中,硝酸还原酶(NR)活力差异显著,耐肥性弱的品种NR活力高,活力是负相关关系。过氧化物酶活力,耐肥性强的高于耐肥性弱的。根据聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离出的过氧化物酶的同工酶谱,耐肥性强的品种均有8条酶带,且着色深,耐肥性弱的品种则有7条,着色较浅。此外通过根系活力测定,耐肥性强的低于耐肥性弱的品种,而叶绿素含量则高于耐肥性弱的品种。     

芦柑子叶培养中过氧化物酶活性及其同工酶的变化

以芦柑子叶为外植体，对脱分化产生愈伤组织至再分化产生器官的发育过程中过氧化物酶活性及同工酶谱变化的研究结果表明，再分化过程的酶活性高于脱分化过程，根分化过程的酶活性高于芽分化过程。同工酶分析揭示出１０条酶带，其中由子叶经愈伤组织到分化出芽的过程中先后出现了９条酶带，带５（Ｒ＿ｆ＝０．１６７）为这一过程所特有；由子叶经愈伤组织到分化出根的过程中也先后出现了９条酶带，带６（Ｒ＿ｆ＝０．２２５）为该过程所特有。     

辣根过氧化物酶标记电化学聚合间苯二胺膜的研制

探讨了电聚合间苯二胺(PDA)膜的电化学聚合、活化及偶联辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)的条件及其性能,结果表明:制成的膜较薄(<1.0μm),在电极表面结合牢固,电聚合膜上有较多可供生物活性材料偶联的氨基,经戊二醛共价交联在膜上的HRP与膜结合牢固,在样品检测中性能稳定,重现性较好,使用及保存寿命较长,是制备生物传感器的良好膜材料,可望在免疫电极及微型电极方面应用。     

外源多胺对香蕉叶片的低温效应模拟实验

在人工气候箱中模拟寒潮对香蕉幼苗造成的冷害 ,研究外源多胺 (精胺、亚精胺、腐胺 )对低温期间香蕉叶片过氧化物酶和相对电导率的影响 .试验表明 ,叶面喷施 0 .6mmol·L-1精胺 ,0 .8mmol·L-1的亚精胺可明显提高过氧化物酶活性 ,而相对电导率则下降 ;但不同浓度的外源腐胺对两者影响不明显 .     

弱光照对螺旋藻抗氧化酶活性的影响

探讨了螺旋藻在弱光照下的抗氧化酶活力的变化。结果显示：在1100lx光照下，钝顶螺旋藻（Spirulina plentasis)314和极大螺旋藻（Spirulina maxima）438两者的SOD活性最低，黑暗条件下的活力分别是1100lx光照下的2．2倍和1．4倍；两者的APX则在600lx光照下，活星最大；两者的CAT的活性变化情况分别与各自的APX类似。     

紫外线辐射对柑桔过氧化物酶活性和电频率特性的影响

介绍了紫外线辐照柑桔后,柑桔过氧化物酶活性等生理参量和频率特性等物理参量随贮藏时间变化的实验结果,并对结果作了简单分析.结果表明:适当剂量的紫外辐照,可以降低柑桔的过氧化物酶活性,使柑桔电学频率特性等物理参量尽可能保持贮藏初期的特点,延缓柑桔内部结构和所含成分的变化,收到一定的保鲜效果.     

Biosensors for phenol derivatives using biochemical signal amplification

Two different approaches, both exploiting two enzymes cooperative functioning, to enhance the sensitivity of tyrosinase (PPO) based biosensor for amperometric detection of phenols have been compared. For this purpose, one monoenzyme electrode (PPO) and two bienzyme electrodes (PPO and d-glucose dehydrogenase, GDH; PPO and horseradish peroxidase, HRP) were constructed using agar-agar gel as enzyme immobilization matrix. The biosensors responses for l-tyrosine detection were recorded at −50 mV versus saturated calomel electrode (SCE). The highest sensitivity (74 mA M⁻¹) was observed for the PPO-GDH couple, while that recorded for PPO-HRP couple system was only 32 times higher than that measured for monoenzyme electrode (0.01 mA M⁻¹). The ability of the PPO-, PPO-GDH-, PPO-HRP-based biosensors to assay phenols was demonstrated by quantitative determination of phenol, 1,2-dihydroxybenzene, 1,3-dihydroxybenzene, 1,4-dihydroxybenzene, 2-amino-3 (4-hydroxyphenyl) propanoic acid, 2-hydroxytoluene, 3-hydroxytoluene, 4-hydroxytoluene, 4-clorophenol, 3-clorophenol, 2-clorophenol, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid.