Empirical likelihood for the contrast of two hazard functions with right censoring

In this paper, we consider the standard two-sample framework with right censoring. We construct useful confidence intervals for the ratio or difference of two hazard functions using smoothed empirical likelihood (EL) methods. The empirical log-likelihood ratio is derived and its asymptotic distribution is a standard chi-squared distribution. Bootstrap confidence bands are also proposed. Simulation studies show that the proposed EL confidence intervals have outperformed normal approximation methods in terms of coverage probability. It is concluded that the empirical likelihood methods provide better inference results.     

二阶锥规划求解的新光滑牛顿算法

研究一个新的求解二阶锥规划的光滑牛顿法,算法采用一个新的价值函数,同时利用一个扰动的牛顿方程去获得搜索方向.在不需要满足严格互补的条件下,证明算法是全局和局部二次收敛的,最后数值实验表明算法是有效的.     

Accelerating molecular Monte Carlo simulations using distance and orientation-dependent energy tables: tuning from atomistic accuracy to smoothed "coarse-grained" models

Typically, the most time consuming part of any atomistic molecular simulation is the repeated calculation of distances, energies, and forces between pairs of atoms. However, many molecules contain nearly rigid multi-atom groups such as rings and other conjugated moieties, whose rigidity can be exploited to significantly speed-up computations. The availability of GB-scale random-access memory (RAM) offers the possibility of tabulation (precalculation) of distance- and orientation-dependent interactions among such rigid molecular bodies. Here, we perform an investigation of this energy tabulation approach for a fluid of atomistic-but rigid-benzene molecules at standard temperature and density. In particular, using O(1) GB of RAM, we construct an energy look-up table, which encompasses the full range of allowed relative positions and orientations between a pair of whole molecules. We obtain a hardware-dependent speed-up of a factor of 24-50 as compared to an ordinary ("exact") Monte Carlo simulation and find excellent agreement between energetic and structural properties. Second, we examine the somewhat reduced fidelity of results obtained using energy tables based on much less memory use. Third, the energy table serves as a convenient platform to explore potential energy smoothing techniques, akin to coarse-graining. Simulations with smoothed tables exhibit near atomistic accuracy while increasing diffusivity. The combined speed-up in sampling from tabulation and smoothing exceeds a factor of 100. For future applications, greater speed-ups can be expected for larger rigid groups, such as those found in biomolecules.     

Denoising of spectra with no user input: a spline‐smoothing algorithm

A new method has been developed for denoising a spectrum using cubic‐spline smoothing, which requires no user input or judgement, yet outperforms other more conventional algorithms. It relies only on the assumptions that the spectrum is sampled at a resolution much higher than the full‐width at half maximum of any peaks, and that the noise is approximately Gaussian distributed, although any other type of noise distribution is acceptable so long as the type of distribution is known. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Mutually beneficial relationship in optimization between search-space smoothing and stochastic search

The effectiveness of the Metropolis algorithm (MA) (constant-temperature simulated annealing) in optimization by the method of search-space smoothing (SSS) (potential smoothing) is studied on two types of random traveling salesman problems. The optimization mechanism of this hybrid approach (MASSS) is investigated by analyzing the exploration dynamics observed in the rugged landscape of the cost function (energy surface). The results show that the MA can be successfully utilized as a local search algorithm in the SSS approach. It is also clarified that the optimization characteristics of these two constituent methods are improved in a mutually beneficial manner in the MASSS run. Specifically, the relaxation dynamics generated by employing the MA work effectively even in a smoothed landscape and more advantage is taken of the guiding function proposed in the idea of SSS; this mechanism operates in an adaptive manner in the de-smoothing process and therefore the MASSS method maintains its optimization function over a wider temperature range than the MA.     

MIMO雷达双向空间平滑的多径目标DOA估计算法

针对多径情况下MIMO雷达低角目标DOA估计问题,提出了一种基于双向空间平滑FBSS的样本复用MIMO雷达低角多径目标DOA估计算法。考虑到MIMO雷达相干信号测角时与多径信号测角时情况的不同,算法采用了MIMO雷达四路径回波信号模型,首先依据MIMO雷达波形分集的特性对接收信号匹配滤波得到虚拟阵列,在此基础上对虚拟阵列采取行列复用并分别进行双向空间平滑,有效提高了低信噪比条件下低角目标DOA估计精度。计算机仿真结果表明,在信噪比小于-12dB条件下,该算法比M-SSMUSIC算法的均方根误差平均减小了1°。     

Visual Understanding of Higher-Order Kernels

Abstract

Higher-order kernels have been suggested for use in nonparametric curve estimation. The usual motivation is that they often give faster asymptotic rates of convergence. This article provides a visual derivation of higher-order kernels. This gives new insight into how they work. Furthermore, it is seen that they work well when the curvature of the target curve is roughly constant, and work poorly when there are abrupt changes in curvature on neighborhoods that are the size of the bandwidth.     

Visualizing Marked Spatial and Origin-Destination Point Patterns With Dynamically Linked Windows

We present dynamic linked graphs for exploratory analysis of spatial marked point processes data and give an introduction to our exploratory graphical analysis tool, called Marked Point Processes Exploratory Analysis (MaPPEA). In particular, we consider point processes with events marked with another spatial event representing origin-destination data types. Using linked windows brushing, MaPPEA provides an illustration of the structure and relationships between marks and locations of point patterns. The main feature is the dynamically changing, spatially localized graphical summary of the mark distribution. Many different graphical summaries are available, and they are updated dynamically as the user moves the mouse on the map showing the events. The methods are illustrated with data on car theft location and the eventual car retrieval location and on trees’ locations and their associated marks. This article has supplementary material online.     

On Some Techniques for Streaming Data: A Case Study of Internet Packet Headers

We consider the implications of streaming data for data analysis and data mining. Streaming data are becoming widely available from a variety of sources. In our case we consider the implications arising from Internet traffic data. By implication, streaming data are unlikely to be time homogeneous so that standard statistical and data mining procedures do not necessarily apply. Because it is essentially impossible to store streaming data, we consider recursive algorithms, algorithms which are adaptive and discount the past and also algorithms that create finite pseudo-samples. We also suggest some evolutionary graphics procedures that are suitable for streaming data. We begin our discussion with a discussion of Internet traffic in order to give the reader some sense of the time and data scale and visual resolution needed for such problems.     

采用光谱色散平滑和连续相位板实现靶面均匀辐照的实验研究

为了改善高功率激光装置的靶面辐照均匀性, 在神光-Ⅲ原型装置的一路光上开展了结合光谱色散平滑(SSD) 和连续相位板(CPP)的高通量实验研究．实验基于调制频率9.2 GHz的体相位调制器开展, 输出的相位调制脉冲光谱展宽稳定, 脉冲波形顶部剩余调制很小. 结果表明SSD色循环数为1时预放和主放各级空间滤波器过孔顺利, 包含焦斑95%能量的通量对比度由窄带时的1.71下降到加SSD和CPP时的0.47．三倍频光脉宽1 ns, 能量1115 J时, CPP和终端光学组件元件未见损伤．通过实验解决了在高功率激光装置上采用SSD和CPP进行靶面均匀辐照的若干关键技术, 为将其应用于物理实验奠定了坚实基础.