The Iron Behaviour in Aluminosilicate Gel-Derived Materials

Electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements have been carried out on a 10Fe₂O₃ · 10Al₂O₃ · 80SiO₂ gel heat-treated at different temperatures in air and under reducing conditions. ESR spectra were obtained at 300, 50 and 5 K. The effective g value (g = h/H), linewidth (H_pp) and ESR amplitude (A) depend on heat-treatment temperature of the gel-derived samples. ESR spectra exhibit different magnetic characteristics as a function of heat-treatment temperature and atmosphere. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a.c. susceptibility (_a.c.) analyses were used to better understand the ESR results. The results show that in the samples heat-treated in air, up to 700°C, Fe³⁺ ions are incorporated in the glass network in tetrahedral and/or octahedral co-ordinations. In the samples heat-treated between 250 and 700°C was not detected, by ESR, the presence of iron oxide aggregates. However, the formation of hematite particles was observed by XRD and SEM. The presence of iron oxide aggregates was detected (by ESR) in the samples heat-treated at temperatures higher than 700°C. These aggregates are formed, at 1200 and 1300°C, by hematite and magnetite particles as proved by XRD. The ESR spectra and a.c. susceptibility, of the samples heat-treated at 250°C (under reducing conditions), show a behaviour characteristic of small magnetite particles presence. The sample heat-treated at 500°C (under reducing conditios) contains magnetite particles (XRD). In the ESR spectra of the sample heat-treated at 1000°C, under reducing conditions, was not detected any resonance signal.     

Strontium Sorption on Hematite at Elevated Temperatures

Acid–base reactions and surface complexation of Sr(II) at the hematite/water interface have been studied by means of potentiometric titrations at three different temperatures: 25, 50, and 75°C. Equilibrium measurements were performed in 0.1 M NaCl. In the evaluation of equilibrium models for the acid–base reactions and complexation reactions in the three-component system H⁺ ---(FeOH)---Sr²⁺, the constant capacitance model was applied. During the titrations with Sr, aliquots of the suspension were sampled at in several points. The aqueous concentrations of Sr were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry. Treatment of data included tests for formation of both inner-sphere and outer-sphere complexes of different stoichiometric composition. The proposed equilibrium model consists of the following surface complexes of inner sphere type: FeOHSr²⁺ and FeOSrOH. Besides the stability constants for the surface complexes, the thermodynamic parameters ΔH and ΔS were evaluated. The combined effect of a decrease in pH_pzc with increasing temperature and positive enthalpies of surface complex formation favors adsorption of Sr at elevated temperatures.     

铁(Ⅲ)的滴定计算分析法测定

在Fe^2 存在的条件下，以铂电极为指示电极、Ce^4 标准溶液为滴定剂，对氧化还原滴定计算分析法测定Fe^3 进行了研究。结果表明，电极的系统误差是影响结果准确度的主要因素。     

Combined use of thermal and surface analyses

In order to attempt the location of the iron ore sources exploited at Tharros (Sardinia) during the Phoenician-Punic period and to elucidate some chemical aspects of the iron ore smelting process, the iron ore outcrops of Monte Ferru located near to this archaeological site, have been first sampled and then, differential thermal analysis (DTA) and thermogravimetry (TG) have been used for simulating and studying the iron ore smelting process under a carbon monoxide atmosphere. Furthermore, in order to obtain a qualitative identification of minerals present in the iron bearing rocks and for obtaining some thermochemical data, the smelting process has been carried out also under air and Ar-5% H₂ atmospheres. The microchemical aspects involved during the smelting process of the iron ore to crude iron, the formation and the chemistry of new no metallic phases that results from the smelting, i.e. the slags, and the final product of the pyrometallurgical process have been identifiedvia small area X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (SA-XPS), X-ray induced Auger electron spectroscopy (XAES) and scanning electron microscopy + energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM + EDS). These results are compared with those obtained from the characterisation of the smelting slags found during the excavation of the archaeological site of Tharros and a relationship is found.This work has been financially supported by the Progetto Strategico of the Consiglio Nazionale deue Ricerche Scienza e Teenologia per la Conoscenza e la Conservazione dei Beni Culturali. The authors are indebted to E. Aequaro (CNR-ICFP) for helpful discussions and for providing the smelting slags from Tharros. The authors also thank the Servizio ESCA of the Area della Rieerea di Roma where the SA-XPS and XAES measurements were carried out by the authors.     

微波辐照对鲕状高磷铁矿除磷工艺的影响

研究了微波辐照预处理对鲕状高磷铁矿气基还原联合高温熔分除磷提铁工艺的影响。微波预处理采用昆明理工大学研制的功率连续可调 MW-HS 多功能高温微波反应器。微波预处理样品进行SEM和EDS分析以及热重分析。研究结果表明：微波预处理可以明显改变鲕状高磷铁矿颗粒的显微结构。在颗粒内部中磷灰石和铁氧化物之间产生明显的裂纹,并使鲕粒内部形成众多的微裂和疏松结构。微波预处理对鲕状高磷铁矿的气基还原的后期阶段有促进作用并延缓了颗粒内部烧结现象的发生。管式炉气基还原和高温熔分实验结果表明：微波辐射预处理可以大幅提高铁的回收率,但是同时铁样中的磷略有升高。在1 273 K,CO气氛和还原时间为2 h的条件下,450 W功率微波预处理的矿粉最终金属化率可以达到90%,其熔分结果的金属回收率可以达到83%,铁样磷含量为0.48%。     

内蒙古白音诺尔铅锌矿褶皱控矿特征及找矿方向

白音诺尔铅锌矿是我国长江以北规模最大的铅锌矿床,矿体受地层岩性、褶皱变形控制十分明显.矿区南、北矿带褶皱形态略有不同,但整体走向均为NE方向,且向SW侧伏,倾伏角约为25°左右.根据已知构造和矿化特点,用EH4连续电导率剖面成像系统对29线以南的高覆盖率地区进行了2号矿体的深部追索.结果表明,所选区域构成一个新的地球物理异常带,异常反映的深部地质体电性差异可以较好地用已知构造和矿化特点来解释,因此2号矿体在29线以南仍有延伸.     

低品位氧化锌矿的浓硫酸焙烧

采用浓硫酸焙烧新工艺,提取低品位氧化锌矿中的锌、铁、铝.考查了反应温度、反应时间及酸矿摩尔比对低品位氧化锌矿中锌、铁、铝提取率的影响.利用扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射分析仪(XRD)对熟料和尾渣的微观形貌进行了表征并分析了生成产物成分.在此基础上,通过正交试验,确定最佳反应条件.研究结果表明:最佳反应条件为反应温度6735K,反应时间120min,酸矿摩尔比16∶1.此时,锌的提取率可达9902%,铁、铝的提取率分别为2378%与7768%,硅、钙、铅等元素富集在渣中.     

滇西老厂大型银铅锌多金属矿床铅锌矿石微量元素组合特征

滇西老厂大型银铅锌多金属矿床位于"三江"成矿带南段昌宁—孟连裂谷盆地内,是其代表性矿床之一,关于该矿床矿石的稀土和微量元素研究比较薄弱.综合分析矿床中铅锌矿(石)的微量元素地球化学特征,并对其组合特征进行R型因子分析.结果表明:铅锌矿石中除Cu、Pb、Zn出现较一致的趋势值外,其余元素均有较大的变化范围.铅锌矿石具有含锡富铟的特征,老厂矿床Zn/Cd比值与热液矿床比值相近,表明矿床中闪锌矿可能受到了热液成矿作用的影响.矿床铅锌矿石成矿物质属混合来源,而酸性岩占了主导作用,其次是基性岩与碳酸盐岩;成矿环境处于高温-低温环境,成矿具多阶段性.     

河南省嵩县鱼池岭钼矿床地质特征及成因探讨

鱼池岭钼矿属于超大型斑岩钼矿床.通过对区域地质背景、鱼池岭钼矿床地质特征和辉钼矿Re-Os同位素测年等研究,进而查明了鱼池岭钼矿床的含矿岩体特征、成因类型,分析了成矿物质的可能来源,厘定了成岩成矿年龄,并探讨了矿床成因.     

分期矿量范围对境界优化的影响

以帮坡角及技术经济参数为依据,基于矿床数值模型,运用锥体排除法生成最大境界.根据在最大境界内产生的地质最优候选境界序列,设置5组不同分期矿量范围.通过对分期数、分期境界内的矿岩量、净现值及各分期跨度时间的对比,分析分期矿量范围对境界优化的影响.优化结果表明:分期矿量下限不变,上限增加,分期数减少,由9期开采转为8期开采;分期境界内采矿量、岩石剥离量的波动主要发生在前几个分期境界内.总净现值一直增加,但增加幅度逐渐减小.各分期时间跨度下限不变,上限逐渐增加.从总净现值及分期跨度时间来看,分期矿量范围在6~9年或6~10年更适于该矿山提高经济效益.