提高65Nb钢强韧性的热处理工艺研究

对新型冷作模具用钢６５Ｎｂ 进行了提高强韧性的工艺研究,结果表明：６５Ｎｂ 钢预先热处理采用经充分锻造后球化退火,最终热处理采用高温加热淬火后三次高温回火可获得高的强韧性。以１ １２０℃淬火＋ ５６０℃三次回火性能最佳,适合于用来生产连续工作并要求有足够红硬性的冷作模具,特别是冷镦模。     

The long‐time behaviour of the thermoconvective flow in a porous medium

For the Boussinesq approximation of the equations of coupled heat and fluid flow in a porous medium we show that the corresponding system of partial differential equations possesses a global attractor. We give lower and upper bounds of the Hausdorff dimension of the attractor depending on a physical parameter of the system, namely the Rayleigh number of the flow. Numerical experiments confirm the theoretical findings and raise new questions on the structure of the solutions of the system. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

新型高效煤粉工业锅炉原理和节能诊断分析

阐述了新型高效煤粉锅炉的原理与工艺,并对其从节能角度进行分析,同时以热平衡数据对其分析,并提出节能建议。     

数据中心余热利用现状及在建筑供暖中的应用

碳中和背景下,将数据中心余热资源作为建筑供暖的热源,是降低建筑供暖碳排放的一种途径。为了系统掌握数据中心余热在建筑供暖中的技术应用现状,对近年来数据中心余热利用相关政策及标准进行了梳理,对影响数据中心余热利用的可行性因素展开了分析,整理了中外数据中心余热在建筑供暖中的应用案例。分析发现,政策与技术标准是数据中心余热回收利用的有力推动力;数据中心余热回收量受冷却技术、热量散发位置等多种因素影响,可以结合数据中心实际情况,综合选取余热回收位置;国外数据中心余热在建筑供暖中的应用较多,国内需要更多的实践和积累。     

水火弯板几个成形参数的实验分析

提出船体外板水火加工影响成形因素的测试方法。通过对船厂实船板加工数据的测量，定性分析温度应力、加热线顺序、加工板曲率、边界条件及二次边热对成型效果的影响规律，并给出其变化曲线和数据对比。探讨了影响变形的本质。为理论分析奠定实验基础。     

铝锡合金/低碳钢复合材料性能及工艺研究

作者通过对国产与引进同类复合轴瓦材料的性能进行全面分析对比,找出国内产品质量低劣的根本原因在于固相复合时的复合压下率过大;提出改善国产复合轴瓦材料的措施:控制复合压下率——连杆瓦材料的钢背压下率为50—55％,曲轴瓦材料的钢背压下率为45—50％,并优化出热处理工艺——固相复合之前钢背840℃退火;固相复合之后350℃再结晶退火。     

直接模拟蒙特卡罗方法下的逆温度抽样算法

从分子动力学出发，讨论了直接模拟蒙特卡罗方法中分子平均总能量、平均平动能以及边界热流密度的抽样方法．通过对与边界发生碰撞的分子进行统计平均，得到了分子反射能量与入射能量以及边界热流密度的关系式．在此基础上，通过结合壁面漫反射模型下分子反射速度的抽样方法，发展了一种从边界热流求得与壁面碰撞分子的平均反射特征温度的逆温度抽样算法．数值结果表明：该算法能够由分子反射能量准确求得分子反射特征温度，进而求得分子反射速度，从而将边界热流信息带入流场．该方法为实现壁面处给定热流边界条件下的直接模拟蒙特卡罗方法提供了途径．     

Review of nanofluids for heat transfer applications

Research on nanofluids has progressed rapidly since its enhanced thermal conductivity was first repotted about a decade ago,though much controversy and inconsistency have been reported,and insufficient understanding of the formulation and mechanism of nanofluids further limits their applications.This work presents a critical review of research on heat transfer applications of nanofluids with the aim of identifying the limiting factors so as to push forward their further development.     

Optimisation of the ultrasound-assisted extraction of betalains and polyphenols from Amaranthus hypochondriacus var. Nutrisol

The present study optimised the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of bioactive compounds from Amaranthus hypochondriacus var. Nutrisol. Influence of temperature (25.86–54.14 °C) and ultrasonic power densities (UPD) (76.01–273.99 mW/mL) on total betalains (BT), betacyanins (BC), betaxanthins (BX), total polyphenols (TP), antioxidant activity (AA), colour parameters (L*, a*, and b*), amaranthine (A), and isoamaranthine (IA) were evaluated using response surface methodology. Moreover, betalain extraction kinetics and mass transfer coefficients (K_La) were determined for each experimental condition. BT, BC, BX, TP, AA, b*, K_La, and A were significantly affected (p < 0.05) by temperature extraction and UPD, whereas L*, a*, and IA were only affected (p < 0.05) by temperature. All response models were significantly validated with regression coefficients (R²) ranging from 87.46 to 99.29%. BT, A, IA, and K_La in UAE were 1.38, 1.65, 1.50, and 29.93 times higher than determined using conventional extraction, respectively. Optimal UAE conditions were obtained at 41.80 °C and 188.84 mW/mL using the desired function methodology. Under these conditions, the experimental values for BC, BX, BT, TP, AA, L*, a*, b*, K_La, A, and IA were closely related to the predicted values, indicating the suitability of the developed quadratic models. This study proposes a simple and efficient UAE method to obtain betalains and polyphenols with high antioxidant activity, which can be used in several applications within the food industry.     

Thermodynamic Performance Characteristics of a Brownian MicroscopicHeat Engine Driven by Discrete and Periodic Temperature Field

A Brownian microscopic heat engine with a particle hopping on a one-dimensional lattice driven by a discrete and periodic temperature field in a periodic sawtooth potential is investigated. In order to clarify the underlying physical pictures of the heat engine, the heat flow via the potential energy and the kinetic energy of the particles are considered simultaneously. Based on describing the jumps among the three states, the expressions of theefficiency and power output of the heat engine are derived analytically. The general performance characteristic curves are plotted by numerical calculation. It is found that the power output-efficiency curve is a loop-shaped one, which is similar to one for a real irreversible heat engine. The influence of the ratioof the temperature of the hot and cold reservoirs and the sawtooth potential on the maximum efficiency and power output is analyzed forsome given parameters. When the heat flows via the kinetic energy isneglected, the power output-efficiency curve is an open-shaped one,which is similar to one for an endroeversible heat engine.