助熔剂法生长的PLZST单晶的缺陷研究

本文介绍了助熔剂缓慢降温自发成核法生长的稀土掺杂锆钛锡酸铅镧(PLZST)晶体中出现的几种缺陷：包裹体、开裂、位错、枝晶,分析了这些缺陷的形成机理并提出了减少和消除这些缺陷的一些措施。     

艾比湖流域阿其克苏河床森林覆盖率调查研究

文章通过对研究区阿其克苏河床森林覆盖率遥感图像分析、胡杨立木胸经与树高在不同监测样地中的对应关系分析以及胡杨树冠覆盖率状况分析等，得出该地区胡杨林整体衰败，已经丧失了自然更新能力，面临着毁灭的危险。因此，加大对研究区生态恢复与重建是今后首要的任务。     

A CMOS-compatible silicon substrate optimization technique and its application in radio frequency crosstalk isolation

In this paper, a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor （CMOS）-compatible silicon substrate optimization technique is proposed to achieve effective isolation. The selective growth of porous silicon is used to effectively suppress the substrate crosstalk. The isolation structures are fabricated in standard CMOS process and then this post-CMOS substrate optimization technique is carried out to greatly improve the performances of crosstalk isolation. Three-dimensional electro-magnetic simulation is implemented to verify the obvious effect of our substrate optimization technique. The morphologies and growth condition of porous silicon fabricated have been investigated in detail. Furthermore, a thick selectively grown porous silicon （SGPS） trench for crosstalk isolation has been formed and about 20dB improvement in substrate isolation is achieved. These results demonstrate that our post-CMOS SGPS technique is very promising for RF IC applications.     

Analysis of residual stress distri bution along interface asperity of thermal barrier coating system on macro curved surface

Based on the study of the radial residual stress distribution on the macro curved interfaces of thermal barrier coating system(TBCs) for the hollow curved substrate structures,the hollow four-concentric-circle model was developed.And the concentric-circle model with a fine scaled sinusoidal interface was proposed to describe the stresses distribution on the rough interface of TBCs with macro curved geometry.The influences of the geometric and thermophysical parameters were discussed by the developed mode...     

粘接层预氧化对热障涂层TGO生长与抗高温氧化性能的影响

利用预氧化技术在热障涂层(TBC)的陶瓷层/粘接层界面形成致密Al₂O₃层,经过1 100 ℃高温氧化试验,研究了该Al₂O₃层通过抑制氧气扩散,降低热生长氧化物(TGO)生长速率的作用机理,阐明了粘接层预氧化对整体热障涂层氧化行为的影响规律.结果表明:喷涂态(A-TBC)与预氧化(P-TBC)试样的TGO厚度及氧化增重均随氧化时间的延长而增长.但是,P-TBC显著减少了整个过程氧的扩散,有效抑制了氧化初期TGO的急速生长,使得P-TBC能够长期保持有益的TGO结构、降低抛物线氧化速率,并最终提高热障涂层抗高温氧化性能.     

CCVD法制碳纳米管用Ni-Mg-O催化剂的制备研究

用草酸盐共沉淀法制备一类固溶体型NixMg1-xO纳米催化剂.该类催化剂用于甲烷催化分解合成碳纳米管(CNTs)显示出优良的性能.催化剂的制备优化研究揭示,催化剂的金属元素组成、氧化前驱物的焙烧和还原的温度对催化剂的性能有强烈的影响.在经优化的制备条件(n(Ni)∶n(Mg)=0.5:0.5,焙烧温度873 K,H2-还原温度973 K)下制备的Ni0.5Mg0.5O催化剂上,在经优化的制管反应条件(873 K,甲烷原料气GHSV=5×104mL/(h.g))下,反应2 h的CNTs产物的产率达到14.5 g/g.     

气相生长碳纤维填充聚苯乙烯的熔体动态流变行为

采用修正的两相模型讨论加工条件对不同体积分数(ψ=0～0.05)气相纳米碳纤维(VGCF)填充聚苯乙烯(PS)熔体(200℃)频率(ω)依赖性动态流变的影响.与弱剪切条件(190℃;30 r/min-5 min)下所制备的材料相比,VGCF在强剪切条件(190℃;120 r/min-10 min)下所制备材料中分散均匀,“粒子相”应变放大因子A,(ψ)较低,而松弛指数n较高.将应变(γ)依赖性G″(ω,ψ)应变放大因子A,(ψ,γ)与“粒子相”特征模量G″fψ(,γc),G″f(ψ,γc)引入两相模型,讨论加工条件对γ依赖性非线性流变行为的影响.研究结果表明,两相模型可定量讨论填充熔体动态流变行为.加工条件影响VGCF在基体中的分散性,但不影响“粒子相”弹性贡献R′f(ψ)与n的关系、G′f(ψ,γc)与非线性应变幂律指数x的关系以及G″f(ψ,γc)与非线性应变幂律指数y的关系,说明“粒子相”对填充熔体黏弹性的贡献与其弛豫特性及结构稳定性密切相关.     

聚苯胺/气相生长的碳纤维复合材料的制备及其在微生物燃料电池中的应用研究

用原位化学氧化聚合的方法合成聚苯胺/气相生长的碳纤维的复合材料, 采用SEM, FTIR和TGA对聚苯胺/气相生长的碳纤维复合材料的微观形貌、结构和热稳定性进行测定。SEM结果显示, 聚苯胺/气相生长的碳纤维复合材料属于纳米级别, 形貌与气相生长的碳纤维类似, 推测苯胺的聚合作用发生在碳纤维的表面。FTIR结果显示聚苯胺与复合材料具有相似的图谱, 进一步证实聚合作用发生在碳材料的表面, 聚合过程中未产生新的键合作用。将复合材料作为阴极催化剂修饰到碳布的基底电极上, 修饰量为5 mg/cm², 结果表明复合材料修饰的微生物燃料电池的功率密度最大值为299 mW/m², 比未修饰的燃料电池提高6.5倍。电化学阻抗谱图较好地符合Nyquist模型, 并给出等效电路图。聚苯胺/气相生长的碳纤维复合材料可以作为一种廉价且性能优良的阴极氧气还原反应催化剂。     

Effect of surface fluorination and conductive additives on the electrochemical behavior of lithium titanate (Li4/3Ti5/3O4) for lithium ion battery

Effect of surface fluorination and conductive additives on the charge/discharge behavior of lithium titanate (Li_4/3Ti_5/3O₄) has been investigated using F₂ gas and vapor grown carbon fiber (VGCF). Surface fluorination of Li_4/3Ti_5/3O₄ was made using F₂ gas (3 × 10⁴ Pa) at 25-150 °C for 2 min. Charge capacities of Li_4/3Ti_5/3O₄ samples fluorinated at 70 °C and 100 °C were larger than those for original sample at high current densities of 300 and 600 mA/g. Optimum fluorination temperatures of Li_4/3Ti_5/3O₄ were 70 °C and 100 °C. Fibrous VGCF with a large surface area (17.7 m²/g) increased the utilization of available capacity of Li_4/3Ti_5/3O₄ probably because it provided the better electrical contact than acetylene black (AB) between Li_4/3Ti_5/3O₄ particles and nickel current collector.     

提拉法生长高质量氟化镁单晶

设计了适合提拉法生长氟化镁单晶体的温场,采用提拉法成功生长出了直径100 mm的高质量氟化镁单晶.晶体内无气泡等宏观缺陷、无开裂;通过精密退火处理后,晶体透过率达到95;,平均应力双折射小于0.5 nm/cm.上述结果表明采用提拉法可以生长高质量的氟化镁单晶.