Hybrid phononic crystal plates for lowering and widening acoustic band gaps

We propose hybrid phononic-crystal plates which are composed of periodic stepped pillars and periodic holes to lower and widen acoustic band gaps. The acoustic waves scattered simultaneously by the pillars and holes in a relevant frequency range can generate low and wide acoustic forbidden bands. We introduce an alternative double-sided arrangement of the periodic stepped pillars for an enlarged pillars’ head diameter in the hybrid structure and optimize the hole diameter to further lower and widen the acoustic band gaps. The lowering and widening effects are simultaneously achieved by reducing the frequencies of locally resonant pillar modes and prohibiting suitable frequency bands of propagating plate modes.     

Edge-wave-driven durable variations in the thickness of the surfactant film and concentration of surface floats

By employing a simple model for small-scale linear edge waves propagating along a homogeneous sloping beach, we demonstrate that certain combinations of linear wave components may lead to durable changes in the thickness of the surfactant film, equivalently, in the concentration of various substances (debris, litter) floating on the water surface. Such changes are caused by high-amplitude transient elevations that resemble rogue waves and occur during dispersive focusing of wave fields with a continuous spectrum. This process can be treated as an intrinsic mechanism of production of patches in the surface layer of an otherwise homogeneous coastal environment impacted by linear edge waves.     

平面简谐纵波动能和势能的有关讨论

以在弹性介质中传播的平面简谐纵波为研究对象,从数学表达、图像、力学原理等方面对平面简谐纵波动能和势能进行探讨,通过分析介质中质元受力、形变情况和运动过程,揭示了平面简谐纵波在弹性介质中传播能量的本质和规律。     

基 于 悬 链 线 理 论 的 系 泊 系 统 势 能

为研究系泊系统在定位过程中的势能变化,使用悬链线公式,推导了3种常见系泊方式系缆的构形及张力分布.分析了下端点固定的单根锚泊线的重力势能和弹性势能随上端点位置的变化情况,对比了势能间接求导所得的水平张力与直接计算所得的水平张力,发现两者吻合良好,符合能量守恒定律,验证了势能计算结果的准确性.针对系泊系统由9根复合缆组成的深水平台,分析了其系泊系统势能随浮体水平位置的变化情况,比较了各浪向上的位移与回复力关系,发现其系泊性能在各个浪向上接近,对环境适应能力强.针对系泊系统破损的工况,计算得到了系泊系统势能分布图以及各浪向上的位移与回复力关系,发现使用势能分布法能全面有效地反映系泊系统的各个方向性能,具有重要的工程参考价值.     

一种电波折射订正方法及其在高空风探测中的应用

为提高无线电测风的精度,在根据二维射线追踪法的基础上,建立了适用于球面分层大气的电波折射高精度在线订正方法,并对电波折射误差及高空风探测误差进行了模拟计算和分析.结果表明,电波折射产生的仰角、斜距和高度误差通常为正值,3类误差均随仰角减小和斜距增大而增大;在低仰角和大斜距的条件下,电波折射误差大于定位设备误差,当仰角低...     

高阶贝塞尔-高斯光束的自重建特性

由汉克尔波理论分析了贝塞尔（Bessel）光束的形成原理,很好地解释了零阶和高阶Bessel光束的自重建特性.利用衍射积分理论和柯林斯公式条件下的传输模型数值模拟了一阶贝塞尔-高斯（Bessel-Gauss）光束经过轴上圆形障碍物后的光强分布特性.结果表明,高阶Bessel-Gauss光束也具有零阶Bessel光束类似的自重建特性.实验上采用轴棱锥聚焦涡旋光束获得一阶Bessel-Gauss光束,然后通过轴上圆形障碍物、轴上和离轴正方形障碍物,验证了高阶Bessel-Gauss光束的自重建特性.理论模拟和实验结果相吻合.     

中国空间站大规模多色测光与无缝光谱巡天的设想及其在暗能量研究领域的应用

大型巡天是今后数十年内国际天文学研究的重点方向,高精度大样本的巡天观测将极大地推动暗物质、暗能量、天体起源与演化等天文学和物理学的根本问题的研究.空间站的建设为我国空间天文的发展带来了不可多得的机遇.巡天观测与空间站运行模式相当匹配,而国际上尚未有大型的高分辨率光学与近紫外深度巡天计划,中国空间站正可以在此方向上实现突破,使我国在国际天文界的下一代大规模巡天工作中处于领先地位.本文阐述在空间站上开展大天区面积、高角分辨率、覆盖近紫外-光学-近红外波段的多色测光与无缝光谱巡天的设想,并讨论这个巡天在暗能量研究领域中的应用.     

爱因斯坦引力理论和狄拉克电子理论之间的矛盾

本文通过联合考虑爱因斯坦引力理论和狄拉克电子理论,发现在爱因斯坦引力理论和狄拉克电子理论之间关于电子场的能量动量运动存在着一个矛盾。这个矛盾表明爱因斯坦引力理论不能描述带半整数自旋的粒子的引力作用。如果假设狄拉克电子理论是正确的,我们必须修改爱因斯坦引力理论。     

太子矶航道水下钻孔爆破地震波测试与分析

以长江太子矶航道疏浚爆破工程为例,通过对其爆破地震波的测试与分析,得出爆破振动速度的衰减经验公式,提出爆破振动速度安全判据及不同状态下的最大允许药量,并依据实测数据评估了水下钻孔爆破对长江大堤的影响。     

Remarks on the energy release rate for an antiplane moving crack in couple stress elasticity

This paper is concerned with the steady-state propagation of an antiplane semi-infinite crack in couple stress elastic materials. A distributed loading applied at the crack faces and moving with the same velocity of the crack tip is considered, and the influence of the loading profile variations and microstructural effects on the dynamic energy release rate is investigated. The behavior of both energy release rate and maximum total shear stress when the crack tip speed approaches the critical speed (either that of the shear waves or that of the localized surface waves) is studied. The limit case corresponding to vanishing characteristic scale lengths is addressed both numerically and analytically by means of a comparison with classical elasticity results.