国家竞争优势理论与我国对外贸易战略的转变

在分析国家竞争优势理论的基础上，探讨转变我国当前对外贸易战略，实施竞争优势战略的必要性和可行性。     

从中国-东盟自由贸易区的建成看云南教育服务贸易前景与趋势

随着教育国际化的发展,作为服务贸易的重要组成部分,教育服务贸易正日益成为国际贸易的一个重要新兴领域。在中国-东盟自由贸易区建成之际,盘点相关国际条约,研究云南教育服务贸易发展的前景与趋势,有利于促进云南省教育的发展。     

李家峡-坎布拉景区发展生态旅游业的思考

通过分析地处少数民族聚居地带的黄南藏族自治州李家峡-坎布拉景区的旅游业发展现状、优势及存在的问题，提出发展李家峡-坎布拉景区生态旅游业的对策与建议。     

Lot‐sizing policies for deterioration items under two‐level trade credit with partial trade credit to credit‐risk retailer and limited storage capacity

The main purpose of this article is to investigate the optimal wholesaler's replenishment decisions for deterioration items under two levels of the trade credit policy and two storage facilities in order to reflect the supply chain management situation within the economic order quantity framework. In this study, each of the following assumptions have been made: (1) The own warehouse with limited capacity always is not sufficient to store the order quantity, so that a rented warehouse is needed to store the excess units over the capacity of the own warehouse; (2) The wholesaler always obtains the partial trade credit, which is independent of the order quantity offered by the supplier, but the wholesaler offers the full trade credit to the retailer; (3) The wholesaler must take a loan to pay his or her supplier the partial payment immediately when the order is received and then pay off the loan with the entire revenue. Under these three conditions, the wholesaler can obtain the least costs. Furthermore, this study models the wholesaler's optimal replenishment decisions under the aforementioned conditions in the supply chain management. Two theorems are developed to efficiently determine the optimal replenishment decisions for the wholesaler. Finally, numerical examples are given to illustrate the theorems that are proven in this study, and the sensitivity analysis with respect to the major parameters in this study is performed. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

MARINE PROTECTED AREAS IN THE HIGH SEAS AND THEIR IMPACT ON INTERNATIONAL FISHING AGREEMENTS

Abstract Marine protected areas (MPAs) are gaining momentum as tools within fisheries management. Although many studies have been conducted to their use and potential, only few authors have considered their use in the High Seas. In this paper, we investigate the effects of fish growth enhancing MPAs on the formation of regional fisheries management organisations (RFMOs) for highly migratory fish stocks. We argue that in absence of enforcement MPAs constitute a weakest‐link public good, which can only be realized if everyone agrees. We combine this notion with a game theoretic model of RFMO formation to derive potentially stable RFMOs with and without MPAs. We find that MPAs generally increase the parameter range over which RFMOs are stable, and that they increase stability in a number of cases as compared to the case without MPAs. They do not necessarily induce a fully cooperative solution among all fishing nations. In summary, results of this paper suggest a positive role for MPAs in the High Seas.     

价格和库存均影响需求、部分拖后供给的易变质品生产库存

考虑产品的需求率受库存和销售价格的影响,拖后供给因子与需求得到满足的实际等待时间有关,建立了易变质品生产库存模型,给出了寻求最优生产策略和销售价格的方法,并分析参数变化对于平均利润、销售价格和服务率的影响.     

The impact of environmental regulations on forest product trade in China

Forest product trade plays an important role in the development of the Chinese forest industry. The trading value of forest product has shown a yearly growth rate of 12% during the last five recent years. Stringent environmental regulations in China have a profound impact on raw material supplies and industrial production in the forest sector; however, their impact on the forest product trade is still unclear. This study applies fixed and random effects models as well as a seemingly unrelated regression model to investigate the impact of environmental regulations on the trade of forest product from 2002 to 2015. The results indicate that the stringent environmental regulations promoted the import but restricted the export of forest product in general. Specifically, the stringent environmental regulations stimulated the import but had an ambiguous impact on the export of the paper product. The stringent environmental regulations had also stimulated the import of wood product but inhibited the export. In contrast, wooden furniture had been affected minimally; only export got slightly negatively affected by environmental regulations. Recommendations for resource managers:

• Trade‐offs between economic growth and environmental regulations are needed to smoothly promote the forest product trade in China.
• Paper and wooden furniture product sectors are less likely to be affected by stringent environmental regulations, because high value‐added products could compensate for environmental costs.
• The wood product sector is more likely to be negatively affected by stringent environmental regulations because environmental costs could severely impact the competitiveness of low value‐added products.

     

Simple Signed Steiner Triple Systems

Let X be a v‐set, be a set of 3‐subsets (triples) of X, and be a partition of with . The pair is called a simple signed Steiner triple system, denoted by ST, if the number of occurrences of every 2‐subset of X in triples is one more than the number of occurrences in triples . In this paper, we prove that exists if and only if , , and , where and for , . © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Combin. Designs 20: 332–343, 2012     

The cycle structure of two rows in a random Latin square

Let L be chosen uniformly at random from among the latin squares of order n ≥ 4 and let r,s be arbitrary distinct rows of L. We study the distribution of σ_r,s, the permutation of the symbols of L which maps r to s. We show that for any constant c > 0, the following events hold with probability 1 ‐ o(1) as n → ∞: (i) σ_r,s has more than (log n)^1?c cycles, (ii) σ_r,s has fewer than 9 cycles, (iii) L has fewer than n^5/2 intercalates (latin subsquares of order 2). We also show that the probability that σ_r,s is an even permutation lies in an interval and the probability that it has a single cycle lies in [2n^‐2,2n^‐2/3]. Indeed, we show that almost all derangements have similar probability (within a factor of n^3/2) of occurring as σ_r,s as they do if chosen uniformly at random from among all derangements of {1,2,…,n}. We conjecture that σ_r,s shares the asymptotic distribution of a random derangement. Finally, we give computational data on the cycle structure of latin squares of orders n ≤ 11. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 2008     

基于非对称QRE模型的北极航线经济圈合作研究

以北极航线经济圈相关国家的双边货物贸易为依据,确定其经贸合作网络,基于非对称QRE模型,将对支付敏感的非对称性作为关键影响变量纳入到北极航线经济圈的经贸合作博弈中来,深入分析自我对支付的敏感度、关于他国对支付敏感度的信念、初始合作者比例、邻居国家的奖励、国际舆论的社会压力对合作的影响,得出了对支付敏感的非对称性制约了北极航线经济圈经贸合作的结论,并讨论了促进北极航线经济圈经贸合作的相关策略.