表面修饰的金纳米棒的生物相容性和细胞摄取研究

制备了棒状纳米金颗粒并对其表面进行了修饰,研究了其生物相容性以及运载荧光物质进入细胞的功能.所制备的材料通过聚乙二醇稳定、采用双修饰的方法获得了具有活性-NH2基团存在、稳定性好且生物相容性高的表面修饰的金纳米棒.采用透射电子显微镜和紫外可见吸收光谱对表面修饰的金纳米棒进行了表征,运用MTT比色分析法通过细胞毒性研究了表面修饰的金纳米棒的生物相容性,用流式细胞仪和激光共聚焦显微镜考察了其运载荧光物质进入细胞的功能.结果表明,表面修饰的金纳米棒具有良好的生物相容性,具有作为荧光物质或药物载体的应用前景,可应用于疾病的诊断治疗.     

层层组装纳米金/天冬氨酸传感器对尿酸的电化学性质研究

采用层层组装法制备了金和天冬氨酸复合膜传感器.用循环伏安法(CV)和脉冲伏安法(DPV)等研究了尿酸在该传感器上的电化学行为.结果表明,在PBS 7.0作为支持电解质的条件下,尿酸在该组装传感器上的氧化峰的峰电流是裸电极传感器上的6.5倍.优化条件下,用DPV对尿酸进行了测定,在尿酸浓度为4.0×10-7~1.0×10-4 mol/L范围内浓度与尿酸的氧化峰电流具有良好的线性关系,线性方程为:I(μA)=0.010-0.022 C(μmol/L),相关系数为0.998.检出限(RSN=3)为1.0×10-7 mol/L.该方法用于实际尿样的测定,回收率为99.4%~104.1%.     

基于双Gold序列的TDCS基函数伪随机相位生成方法

为了提高变换域通信系统(transform domain communication system,TDCS)基函数的随机性与相关性,提出了采用双Gold序列控制产生变换域通信系统基函数伪随机相位的方法。首先通过Gold序列2控制产生相位映射抽头数,然后由Gold序列1映射产生基函数伪随机相位,所产生的基函数具有良好的类噪声性和相关性。仿真表明,与传统一维m序列产生方法相比,采用双Gold序列映射产生的基函数具有更好的随机性和相关性,可有效降低系统误码率,提高变换域通信系统抗截获能力,具有良好的多址接入性能。     

基于铜金复合纳米材料的半胱氨酸检测

铜金复合纳米材料作为一种新型探针,可灵敏地选择性检测半胱氨酸。在碘离子存在的情况下,半胱氨酸能够使铜金复合纳米材料的吸收峰信号增强,从而实现半胱氨酸的定量检测,检测限为0.06 mmol/L,线性范围为0～1 mmol/L。与其他氨基酸相比,铜金复合纳米材料传感器对半胱氨酸显示出良好的选择性,所制备的铜金复合纳米材料无需任何处理即可直接用于检测体系,大大简化了检测流程,具有简单、快捷和选择性高等优点,可作为半胱氨酸检测的有力工具。     

金纳米线阵列的制备及其光学性能研究

采用二次阳极氧化法制备了高度有序的多孔氧化铝模板,并基于该氧化铝模板,采用脉冲直流电化学沉积的方法制备了金纳米线阵列.利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）和X线衍射仪（XRD）对所制备的金纳米线的形貌及晶体结构进行分析.结果表明：不同的沉积电压下制备的金纳米线具有不同的生长取向性,当沉积电压为3V时制备出的金纳米线沿[200]方向具有明显的生长取向性.利用紫外-可见光谱（UV-Vis）对金纳米线阵列光学性能进行研究,发现金纳米线的等离子体共振吸收峰随着沉积电压的增大先蓝移而后发生红移.     

浅谈硝酸溶解—火试金法测定银阳极板中金的含量

硝酸溶解—火试金法测定银阳极板中金含量的方法是基于银易溶于硝酸而金不溶于硝酸的性质,采用硝酸溶解银阳极板,经过沉淀、过滤、灼烧后,再用火试金法进行金含量的测定。该法干扰少、准确度高、精密度好,RSD为0.2%。     

用于检测水环境中银离子浓度的荧光适体传感器研究

银凭借其独特的性能,在医疗材料、摄影、电子、成像等行业中应用广泛.然而,银离子被列为最具毒性的重金属离子之一,会对环境以及人类的生命健康造成严重威胁.为了灵敏、特异性的检测水环境中的银离子浓度,利用纳米金的优良光学猝灭性以及双链核酸适体捕获银离子能力更强的优点,结合荧光能量共振转移原理,提出一种用于检测水环境中银离子浓...     

Interconnectivity between Surface Reactivity and Self-Assembly of Kemp Elimination Catalyzing Nanorods

Understanding the fundamental facts behind dynamicity of catalytic processes has been a longstanding quest across disciplines. Herein, we report self-assembly of catalytically active gold nanorods that can be regulated by tuning its reactivity towards a proton transfer reaction at different pH. Unlike substrate-induced templating and co-operativity, the enhanced aggregation rate is due to alteration of catalytic surface charge only during reactivity as negatively charged transition state of reactant (5-nitrobenzisoxazole) is formed on positively charged nanorod while undergoing a concerted E2-pathway. Herein, enhanced diffusivity during catalytic processes might also act as an additional contributing factor. Furthermore, we have also shown that nanosized hydrophobic cavities of clustered nanorods can also efficiently accelerate the rate of an aromatic nucleophilic substitution reaction, which also demonstrates a catalytic phenomenon that can lead to cascading of other reactions where substrates and products of the starting reactions are not directly involved.     

Mechanical property and deformation mechanism of gold nanowire with non-uniform distribution of twinned boundaries:A molecular dynamics simulation study

The mechanical property and deformation mechanism of twinned gold nanowire with non-uniform distribution of twinned boundaries(TBs) are studied by the molecular dynamics(MD) method. It is found that the twin boundary spacing(TBS) has a great effect on the strength and plasticity of the nanowires with uniform distribution of TBs. And the strength enhances with the decrease of TBS, while its plasticity declines. For the nanowires with non-uniform distribution of TBs, the differences in distribution among different TBSs have little effect on the Young's modulus or strength, and the compromise in strength appears. But the differences have a remarkable effect on the plasticity of twinned gold nanowire. The twinned gold nanowire with higher local symmetry ratio has better plasticity. The initial dislocations always form in the largest TBS and the fracture always appears at or near the twin boundaries adjacent to the smallest TBS. Some simulation results are consistent with the experimental results.     

Near-Infrared Spectrum of the First Excited State of Au2+

Au₂⁺ is a simple but crucial model system for understanding the diverse catalytic activity of gold. While the Au₂⁺ ground state (X²Σ_g⁺) is understood reasonably well from mass spectrometry and computations, no spectroscopic information is available for its first excited state (A²Σ_u⁺). Herein, we present the vibrationally resolved electronic spectrum of this state for cold Ar-tagged Au₂⁺ cations. This exceptionally low-lying and well isolated A²Σ_(u)⁺←X²Σ_(g)⁺ transition occurs in the near-infrared range. The observed band origin (5738 cm⁻¹, 1742.9 nm, 0.711 eV) and harmonic Au−Au and Au−Ar stretch frequencies (201 and 133 cm⁻¹) agree surprisingly well with those predicted by standard time-dependent density functional theory calculations. The linearly bonded Ar tag has little impact on either the geometric or electronic structure of Au₂⁺, because the Au₂⁺⋅⋅⋅Ar bond (∼0.4 eV) is much weaker than the Au−Au bond (∼2 eV). As a result of 6 s←5d excitation of an electron from the antibonding σ_u^* orbital (HOMO-1) into the bonding σ_g orbital (SOMO), the Au−Au bond contracts substantially (by 0.1 Å).