铁法矿区地面钻孔抽放采空区瓦斯技术及应用

为了解决铁法矿区现有的6 对高突矿井,煤层瓦斯含量大,煤层透气性系数低,瓦斯抽放难度大的问题,传统的瓦斯抽放方法难以满足长壁开采生产的要求.解决低透气性煤层瓦斯抽放问题的根本途径是增加煤层的透气性.采用地面钻孔法抽取采空区瓦斯, 有效利用开采引起的缷压增加透气性.针对铁法矿区的地质条件和生产工艺特点,阐述了地面垂直钻孔法抽取采空区瓦斯的适用条件,钻孔参数的合理优化,地面钻孔抽放效果等.通过地面钻孔抽放瓦斯,不仅解决了低透气性煤层瓦斯抽放困难,高瓦斯涌出量对矿井安全生产造成威胁等难题,而且有效地利用了煤层气资源.     

汽轮机调节级的气流激振力分析

从流体动力学出发,应用动量定理研究汽轮机调节级叶片由于间隙引起的气流激振力问题,综合考虑了叶片及喷嘴的各项设计参数并应用理论分析的方法首次导出了汽轮机调节级叶片由于间隙引起的气流激振力的计算公式,并分析了调节级在各工况的激振力.     

Degeneration of β-glucosidase activity in a foam fractionation process

Foam fractionation is a promising technique for concentrating proteins because of its simplicity and low operating cost. One such protein that can be foamed is the enzyme cellulase. The use of inexpensively purified cellulase may be a key step in the economical production of ethanol from biomass. We conducted foam fractionation experiments at total reflux using the cellulase component β-glucosidase to study how continuous shear affects β-glucosidase in a foam such as a fermentation or foam fractionation process. The experiments were conducted at pH 2.4, 5.4, and 11.6 and airflow rates of 3, 6, 15, 20, and 32 cc/min to determine how β-glucosidase activity changes in time at these different conditions. This is apparently a novel and simple way of testing for changes in enzyme activity within a protein foam. The activity did not degenerate during 5 min of reflux at pH 5.4 at an airflow rate of 10 cc/ min. It was established that at 10 min of refluxing, the β-glucosidase denatured more as the flow rate increased. At pH 2.4 and a flow rate of 10 cc/min, the activity remained constant for at least 15 min.     

Glottal airflow and transglottal air pressure measurements for male and female speakers in low, normal, and high pitch

Measurements on the inverse filtered airflow waveform and of estimated average transglottal pressure and glottal airflow were made from syllable sequences in low, normal, and high pitch for 25 male and 20 female speakers. Correlation analyses indicated that several of the airflow measurements were more directly related to voice intensity than to fundamental frequency (F₀). Results suggested that pressure may have different influences in low and high pitch in this speech task. It is suggested that unexpected results of increased pressure in low pitch were related to maintaining voice quality, that is, avoiding vocal fry. In high pitch, the increased pressure may serve to maintain vocal fold vibration. The findings suggested different underlying laryngeal mechanisms and vocal adjustments for increasing and decreasing F₀ from normal pitch.     

The Analysis for the Airflow Exciting-Vibration Force of Control Stage of Steam Turbine

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载人列车车厢内空气流场温度场数值模拟

采用稳态不可压缩雷诺时均N-S方程、k-ε湍流模型,计算了载人列车车厢内三维空气流场和温度场。将太阳辐射热和人体散热作为能量方程的附加源项,研究了在条缝送风条件下,乘客和太阳辐射对车厢内流场和温度场的影响。计算结果表明:现有的送风方式除车厢两端外,车厢内沿长度方向气流分布比较均匀;送风口的布置对车厢内流场温度场分布影响较大,送风气流在车厢两侧形成两股比较大的流动旋涡;人体散热和太阳辐射对车厢内流场温度场影响较大,非空载时车厢内流场分布与空载时有较大差别,太阳照射和人体产生的热气流使车厢内存在较大的温度梯度,靠窗处的温度较高,过道处温度较低。流场温度场的计算结果和实验数据吻合较好。     

惯量松驰因子的一个数值试验

研究了惯量松驰因子对ＳＩＭＰＬＥ算法收敛性能的影响，通过实例，找到了影响该项性能的最佳惯量松驰参数。     

风量罩测量球形喷口的模型优化与数值模拟研究

为了探究球形喷口风量测量的精确度,建立了风量罩测量球形喷口的物理模型,采用CFD(computational fluid dynamics)方法对模型仿真,结合罩内的速度分布、压力分布以及相对误差指标对风量测量的精确度进行分析与评价,并通过正交试验的方法对风量罩结构进行优化设计以提高测量球形喷口风量的精确度。结果表明:采用现有风量罩测量■250球形喷口风量的相对误差为58%左右,测量误差主要源于现有罩体结构与测量风口不匹配,气流在测量位置上分布不均匀;通过正交试验对罩体结构优化,优化后的风量罩测量相对误差为0. 12%,罩体结构对球形喷口风量测量的影响已基本消除。     

矿井立井提升设备活塞作用理论分析

传统的通风理论认为矿井通风系统是一不可压缩的定常流,由于存在外界扰动因素的影响,实际风流的流动是动态变化的.以机械通风条件下的单提升设备为对象,研究了矿井立井提升设备运行所产生的活塞风流与诱导风流对矿井通风系统的影响,进一步拓宽和完善了矿井通风理论,得出了计算活塞风流的数学模型,为消除影响通风系统的不稳定因素提供了技术支持.