渐变刚度钢板弹簧建模方法对比

为更好地分析钢板弹簧刚度特性,对钢板弹簧建模方法进行了对比研究。依据钢板弹簧国家标准GB/T 19844—2005,针对某型渐变刚度钢板弹簧分别在有限元软件Hypermesh和多体动力学软件Adams中建立其有限元模型和离散梁模型,并进行了仿真,得到刚度特性。将仿真结果与试验值进行了比较。结果表明,在针对该钢板弹簧的刚度分析中,运用离散梁法得到的刚度特性更加接近试验值。     

厚朴皮、叶、花水提物镇痛作用的比较研究

目的探讨并比较厚朴皮、叶、花的镇痛作用。方法采用热板法、醋酸扭体法致痛,观察高、低剂量厚朴皮、叶、花水提物的镇痛作用。结果厚朴干皮、根皮、枝皮、叶、花水提物高、低剂量对热板法所致小鼠痛阈值无影响,与蒸馏水对照组和自身给药前比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);厚朴干皮、根皮、枝皮、叶、花水提物高、低剂量对醋酸所致扭体反应数均有明显抑制作用,与蒸馏水对照组比较差异显著(P0.01),厚朴根皮、枝皮、叶、花水提物高、低剂量组与厚朴干皮相对应剂量组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论厚朴干皮、根皮、枝皮、叶、花水提物均具有镇痛作用,且厚朴根皮、枝皮、叶、花可以代替厚朴干皮用于镇痛。     

2种石山苣苔属植物叶插繁育研究

以河池石山苣苔Petrocodon hechiensis (Y.G.Wei,Yan LiuF.Wen) Y.G.WeiMich.M?ller、靖西石山苣苔Pet. jingxiensis (Yan Liu,H.S.GaoW.B.Xu) A.WeberMich.M?ller这2种石山苣苔属植物的叶片为试验材料,在不同基质上进行扦插繁育,并对3种基质组合的扦插效果进行对比分析,比较各扦插基质的优劣,筛选高效的扦插繁育方法。结果表明,在喷施0.2%多菌灵并对插穗经100 mg/L IAA溶液浸泡1 h后,采用水苔作为扦插基质时,2种石山苣苔属植物扦插生根情况较好,生根率也最高(河池石山苣苔为59%,靖西石山苣苔为62%),但出芽阶段会由于营养不良导致部分插穗出现死亡的现象;而采用水苔+蛭石+珍珠岩+泥炭土(体积比0.5∶1∶1∶1)为基质时,插穗成苗率较高(河池石山苣苔为50%,靖西石山苣苔为60%)。可见,河池石山苣苔与靖西石山苣苔的叶插繁殖可以将水苔作为生根基质,待插穗出芽后,以水苔+蛭石+珍珠岩+泥炭土(体积比0.5∶1∶1∶1)作为移栽基质,可获得较好的成苗效果。     

Network pharmacology analysis of pharmacological mechanisms underlying the anti-type 2 diabetes mellitus effect of guava leaf

The current study aimed to explore the anti-type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mechanism of guava leaf based on network pharmacology. The compounds contained in guava leaf was summarized from the literature, and a series of databases was used to identify the active components and corresponding potential targets. The intersection between diabetes-associated genes searched in the GeneCard database and the predicted targets of guava leaf active components was defined as target genes, which were then used to construct a “compound-active components-target genes” pharmacological network. The biological functions and pathway enrichment analyses of target genes were performed in KOBAS 3.0. The differential expression analysis of GSE76894 was performed to obtain the differential expressed genes (DEGs) in T2DM patients by comparing non-diabetic controls. Finally, the intersection between DEGs and target genes were named key genes, and the representative pathways in which these genes were involved were drawn through KEGG Mapper. We found that the active components of guava leaf may regulate the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, T2DM regulation process, and insulin resistance pathway, which was evidenced by KEGG pathway analysis of key genes. These results implied that guava leaf has a potential anti-T2DM property and its mode of action may be exerted via regulating insulin secretion and reducing blood sugar level.     

Olive Tree in Circular Economy as a Source of Secondary Metabolites Active for Human and Animal Health Beyond Oxidative Stress and Inflammation

Extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) contains many bioactive compounds with multiple biological activities that make it one of the most important functional foods. Both the constituents of the lipid fraction and that of the unsaponifiable fraction show a clear action in reducing oxidative stress by acting on various body components, at concentrations established by the European Food Safety Authority’s claims. In addition to the main product obtained by the mechanical pressing of the fruit, i.e., the EVOO, the residual by-products of the process also contain significant amounts of antioxidant molecules, thus potentially making the Olea europea L. an excellent example of the circular economy. In fact, the olive mill wastewaters, the leaves, the pomace, and the pits discharged from the EVOO production process are partially recycled in the nutraceutical and cosmeceutical fields also because of their antioxidant effect. This work presents an overview of the biological activities of these by-products, as shown by in vitro and in vivo assays, and also from clinical trials, as well as their main formulations currently available on the market.     

Essential Oil Profile and Yield of Corolla,Calyx, Leaf,and Whole Flowering Top of Cultivated Lavandula angustifolia Mill. (Lamiaceae) from Utah

Lavandula angustifolia Mill. (lavender) is an essential-oil-bearing plant in the Lamiaceae family. Volatile oil produced through the steam distillation of lavender was examined to establish the essential oil yield and aromatic profile from each portion of the plant—namely, the corolla, calyx, leaf, and whole flowering top. The resulting essential oils were analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. The different plant parts generally shared similar compounds but in varying relative percentages. Aromatic profiles of the whole flowering top and calyx were similar, with prominent compounds being linalool acetate (34.3%, 32.0%), linalool (26.5%, 32.9%), lavandulyl acetate (5.6%, 4.9%), terpinen-4-ol (5.3%, 7.0%), and (Z)-β-ocimene (4.5%, 5.4%), respectively. Aromatic profiles for the corolla and leaf were unique. Prominent aromatic compounds of the corolla included linalool acetate (18.4%), linalool (10.8%), epi-α-cadinol (10.0%), borneol (7.3%), and lavandulyl acetate (6.3%). Prominent aromatic compounds of the leaf included epi-α-cadinol (19.8%), γ-cadinene (11.0%), borneol (6.0%), caryophyllene oxide (4.9%), and bornyl acetate (4.8%). Complete profiles and essential oil yields of corolla, calyx, leaf, and whole flowering top were established. This study establishes the influence the corolla, calyx, and leaf exert on the aromatic profile of the whole flowering top and provides insight into authentication of lavender essential oil.     

不同投叶量对珠形茶造形技术的影响

投叶量是珠形茶造形工艺最关键的制茶因子之一,为了探索珠形茶造形阶段的合理投叶量,把3个造形阶段按A、B、C排定,分别采用多种投叶方式进行试验设计,通过对比并分析3个造形阶段的不同投叶量对珠形茶造形工艺的影响作用。试验结果表明：适宜珠形茶第一阶段造型的投叶量分别为3kg,第二阶段造型5kg,第三阶段造型8kg。在此投叶量下加工造型,不仅操作更易控制,且更利于珠形茶成形率和外形紧结度的提高。     

枸杞菜营养保健馒头的研制

为了增加主食馒头的营养保健功能，以小麦粉为主要原料，将功能性食品配料枸杞菜添加于馒头中制成营养保健馒头。通过测定比容、硬度，结合感观鉴评，确定枸杞菜馒头的最佳工艺参数。结果表明，混合粉中枸杞菜粉的最佳添加细度为0．180mm，最佳添加量的质量分数为0．020，每100g混合粉加水量为53g。枸杞菜的添加，既能增加馒头的感观品质，又能增加营养保健功能。     

Improved interactions in chemically modified pineapple leaf fiber reinforced polyethylene composites

Mechanical properties of pineapple leaf fiber reinforced low density polyethylene composites have been studied with special reference to the effects of interface modifications. Various chemical treatments using reagents such as NaOH, PMPPIC, silane and peroxide were carried out to improve the interfacial bonding. Both infrared spectroscopy and SEM were used to characterize the interface and the modified fiber surface. It has been found that the treatments improved the mechanical properties significantly. However, the effect varied according to the nature of the treatments. SEM studies on the fracture surfaces revealed the extent of fiber-matrix adhesion. It has been observed that the PMPPIC treatment reduced the hydrophilicity of the fiber and thereby enhanced the mechanical properties of the composites. The addition of a small quantity of peroxide and silane increased the mechanical properties considerably. The action of peroxide is associated with the peroxide-induced grafting of polyethylene on the fiber surface. Among the various treatments, PMPPIC treatment of fiber exhibits maximum interfacial interactions. Attempts have been made to illustrate the interfacial bonding with the help of schematic models.     

植物根部的拒Na~+作用与叶片Na~+含量的相关性分析

在 10 0mmol/LNaCl条件下 ,伽蓝菜、碱蓬、白刺、滨藜、沙枣等 5种不同类型植物根部木质部液中Na+ 浓度都低于外界培养液中Na+ 浓度 ,说明 5种植物根部都有一定的拒Na+ 作用 ;但是叶片Na+ 含量与根部的拒Na+ 作用并没有明显的相关性 ,而与植物的相对蒸腾速率和相对生长速率呈显著的正相关 .