民生问题是构建社会主义和谐社会的根本

民生问题事关国家发展和社会进步之目标及动力，中国持续稳定发展必须不断改善民生。改善民生是一个涉及全局的系统工程，必须着力于走出一条新阶段的经济发展之路，建立合理的、有序的市场经济利益分配格局。     

Structure theorem for tournaments omitting N5

A finite tournament T is tight if the class of finite tournaments omitting T is well‐quasi‐ordered. We show here that a certain tournament N₅ on five vertices is tight. This is one of the main steps in an exact classification of the tight tournaments, as explained in [10]; the third and final step is carried out in [11]. The proof involves an encoding of the indecomposable tournaments omitting N₅ by a finite alphabet, followed by an application of Kruskal's Tree Theorem. This problem arises in model theory and in computational complexity in a more general form, which remains open: the problem is to give an effective criterion for a finite set {T₁,…,T_k} of finite tournaments to be tight in the sense that the class of all finite tournaments omitting each of T₁,…,T_k is well‐quasi‐ordered. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 42: 165–192, 2003     

Carrier diffusion in InGaAs/GaAs quantum wells grown on vicinal GaAs(0 0 1) substrates

We have investigated the influence of vicinal GaAs substrates on the optical and electronic properties of InGaAs/GaAs quantum wells (QWs). A single In_0.10Ga_0.90As QW was grown by molecular-beam epitaxy on a vicinal GaAs(0 0 1) substrate with a miscut angle of 0° (nominal), 2°, 4° and 6° towards [1 1 0]. The carrier diffusion was obtained by a micro-photoluminescence scan technique that permits to observe the effective diffusion length characterized by the lateral spread of carriers in the QW followed by radiative recombination. The carrier diffusion length was obtained parallel (L_||) and perpendicular (L) to the atomic steps. The diffusion length decreases as the temperature increases up to 100 K. Above this temperature we found different behaviours that depend on the sample miscut angle.     

超短强激光脉冲在等离子体隧道中传输的理论与数值模拟研究

研究了超短强激光脉冲在非扰动抛物型部分电离的预等离子体隧道中的传输特性.从Maxwell方程出发得到了两个包含衍射、三阶强度非线性、等离子体散焦、等离子体隧道聚焦以及相对论自聚焦等效应在内的激光场演化方程，即折射率方程和哈密顿-雅可比方程.在此基础 上得到了激光在等离子体隧道中传输的包络方程以及光斑半径与传输距离、隧道宽度等初始 参量的关系. 关键词： 等离子体隧道聚焦 相对论自聚焦 势阱     

Relative intensity noise of mode-locked fiber grating external cavity semiconductor lasers

The noise of hybrid soliton pulse source (HSPS) with linearly chirped Gaussian apodized fiber Bragg grating is analyzed by couple-mode equations including spontaneous emission noise when the HSPS is mode-locked. Relative intensity noise is calculated using numerical solutions of these equations. It is shown that transform limited pulses are generated over a wide tuning range around the fundamental mode-locking frequency with low spontaneous noise. However, a high noise level affects the operation of device, and therefore transform-limited pulses are not obtainable over a wide tuning range. It is also shown that noise is extremely sensitive to the RF and DC currents, linewidth enhancement factor, gain saturation parameter and spontaneous coupling factor.     

激发数学学习兴趣的策略

针对多数学生对学习数学有枯燥、乏味的感觉，阐述了必须在教学中采用生动的富有感染力的教学方法，以激发学生对数学学习的浓厚兴趣，使学生在提出问题和解决问题中养成善于思考，勇于探索的良好品质。     

Analysis of the characteristics of a two-fiber sensor for monitorship of a turbid medium

Summary Certain characteristics of a two-fiber sensor device, of the type proposed by Papaet al. for sea water turbidity monitorship, are examined. The extension of medium from which most of the received backscattered power originates is investigated, together with possible effects of multiple scattering on the received power. Laboratory measurements testing the results of the analysis are reported.

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Riassunto Sono esaminate alcune caratteristiche di un sensore a due fibre, del tipo di quello proposto da Papaet al. per il monitoraggio della torbidità dell'acqua di mare. è stata studiata l'estensione della zona del mezzo da cui proviene la maggior parte della radiazione retrodiffusa ricevuta. Sono stati considerati effetti di diffusione multipla. I risultati dell'analisi sono stati controllati con misure in laboratorio.

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Резюме Исследуются некоторые характеристики дву-qh-нитевого датчика, предложенного Папа и др. для мониторирования мутности морской воды. Исследуется расширение зоны в среде, из которой формируется основная часть рассеянного назад излучения. Также рассматриваются эффекты многократного рассеяния. На основе лабораторных измерений проводится проверка результатов анализа.

     

Temperature Dependence of the Threshold Current and the Lasing Wavelength in 1.3-μm GalnNAs/GaAs Single Quantum Well Laser Diode

Temperature stability of the threshold current and the lasing wavelength is investigated in a 1.3-μm GaInNAs/ GaAs single quantum-well laser. The measured characteristic-temperature was 88 K. The small wavelength shift per change in temperature of 0.35 nm/°C was obtained, indicating the superior lasing-wavelength stability. Therefore, it is shown experimentally that GaInNAs is very promising material for the fabrication of light source with excellent high-temperature performance for optical fiber communications.     

Energy levels in doped SiGe quantum well studied by admittance spectroscopy

SiGe/Si quantum wells (QWs) with different Boron doping concentrations were grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on p-type Si(1 0 0) substrate. The activation energies of the heavily holes in ground states of QWs, which correspond to the energy differences between the heavy hole ground states and Si valence band, were measured by admittance spectroscopy. It is found that the activation energy in a heavily doped QW increases with doping concentration, which can be understood by the band alignment changes due to the doping in the QWs. Also, it is found that the activation energy in a QW with a doping concentration of 2 × 10²⁰ cm⁻³ becomes larger after annealing at a temperature of 685 °C, which is attributed to more Boron atoms activation in the QW by annealing.     

太赫兹半导体探测器研究进展

太赫兹（THz）探测器是THz技术应用的关键器件之一．基于半导体的全固态THz量子阱探测器（THzQWIP）具有探测响应速度快、制作工艺成熟、体积小和易集成等优点．文章简要介绍了THz探测器的分类和特点，重点介绍了THzQWIP的工作原理和研究进展．