Study of Interoperability in Mobile Agent Environment

0　IntroductionWiththeincreasinglydevelopmentandcontinuouslyspreadofthetechnologyofInternetandWWW,Wemusttaketheglobalnetworkintoaccountasanopendistributedsystemwhenwedesign,developandimplementtheapplicationsofnetwork.Networkisthecenterofthesenewapplicationsandtheessentialneedtothemisdistribution,dynamicadjustment,differentarchitectureandopenness,sothetraditionalclient/servermodelhasn’tbeenadapttotheneednowandhavetobeextended,thenthenewcomputingmodelssuchasremoteevaluationmodel,codeondemandm…     

聚羧酸盐在洗衣粉中的应用性能研究

将5种聚羧酸盐和羧甲基纤维素钠（CMC）分别配入洗衣粉中,用卧式去污机做去污实验和20次循环洗涤实验,结果表明：在无磷洗衣粉中加入聚羧酸盐,去污力比加入CMC提高了7．73％～12．20％,灰分沉积比不含聚羧酸盐的降低了49．77％～65．08％,白度保持比不含聚羧酸盐的提高了2．43％～4．02％．在5种聚羧酸盐中,3种不同分子量的聚丙烯酸钠KT-3、PA25CL和445N均可用作无磷洗衣粉的抗再沉积剂,其中KT-3更优．     

聚醚-紫外侧基聚硅氧烷的结构表征与膜形态

利用聚甲基氢硅氧烷(PHMS)与4-(β-羟基-γ-烯丙氧)丙氧基-2-羟基二苯甲酮(MUV-O)、α-烯基聚醚(F6)的硅氢化加成反应,合成了一种新型聚醚-二苯甲酮衍生物侧基聚硅氧烷PE-PUVSi,用红外光谱(IR)、紫外光谱(UV)、核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR)以及原子力显微镜(AFM)等仪器对产物的结构和成膜形态进行了研究。结果表明,新合成的PE-PUVSi对波长为243.6、289.2、325.0nm的紫外光有强吸收作用。在纤维及单晶硅表面,PE-PUVSi均可成膜。但宏观上平滑的PE-PUVSi膜,微观上实则呈非均一、相分离结构,其中UV侧基以纤细尖峰分布在聚硅氧烷膜表面,而亲水性聚醚基团则卷曲堆积成峰包。     

The Consensus Problem in Polities of Agents with Dissimilar Cognitive Architectures

Agents interacting with their environments, machine or otherwise, arrive at decisions based on their incomplete access to data and their particular cognitive architecture, including data sampling frequency and memory storage limitations. In particular, the same data streams, sampled and stored differently, may cause agents to arrive at different conclusions and to take different actions. This phenomenon has a drastic impact on polities—populations of agents predicated on the sharing of information. We show that, even under ideal conditions, polities consisting of epistemic agents with heterogeneous cognitive architectures might not achieve consensus concerning what conclusions to draw from datastreams. Transfer entropy applied to a toy model of a polity is analyzed to showcase this effect when the dynamics of the environment is known. As an illustration where the dynamics is not known, we examine empirical data streams relevant to climate and show the consensus problem manifest.     

GC-MS Chemical Characterization and Antibacterial Effect of the Essential oil of Piper mosenii

Commercialized mouthwashes are generally expensive for the most financially vulnerable populations. Thus, several studies evaluate the antimicrobial potential of herbal products, such as essential oils, to reduce the activity of microorganisms in the mouth. The objective of this research was to carry out the chemical characterization and antibacterial activity of the essential oil of Piper mosenii (EOPm), providing data that enable the development of a low-cost mouthwash formulation aimed at vulnerable communities. The analysis of the antibacterial potential and modulator of bacterial resistance was verified by the microdilution method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration-MIC. The chemical components were characterized by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, where 23 chemical constituents were detected, with α-pinene, being the major compound. The EOPm showed a MIC ≥ 1024 µg/mL for all bacterial strains used in the tests. When the EOPm modulating activity was evaluated together with chlorhexidine, mouthwash and antibiotics against bacterial resistance, the oil showed a significant synergistic effect, reducing the MIC of the products tested in combination, in percentages between 20.6% to 96.3%. Therefore, it is recommended to expand the tests with greater variation of EOPm concentration and the products used in this research, in addition to the evaluation of toxicity and in vivo tests, seeking the development of a possible formulation of mouthwash accessible to the vulnerable population.     

Antimicrobial V-Shaped Copper(II) Pentaiodide: Insights to Bonding Pattern and Susceptibility

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major concern for the survival of mankind. COVID-19 accelerated another silent pandemic of AMR through the uncontrolled use of antibiotics and biocides. New generations of antimicrobial agents are needed to combat resistant pathogens. Crown ethers can be used as models for drug action because they are similar to antibiotics. Iodine is a well-known microbicide but is characterized by instability and short-term effectivity. Iodine can be stabilized in the form of polyiodides that have a rich topology but are dependent on their immediate surroundings. In addition, copper has been successfully used since the beginning of history as a biocidal agent. We, therefore, combined iodine and copper with the highly selective crown ether 1,4,7,10-tetraoxacyclododecane (12-crown-4). The morphology and composition of the new pentaiodide [Cu(12-crown-4)₂]I₅ was investigated. Its antimicrobial activities against a selection of 10 pathogens were studied. It was found that C. albicans WDCM 00054 is highly susceptible to [Cu(12-crown-4)₂]I₅. Additionally, the compound has good to intermediate antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacilli. The chain-like pentaiodide structure is V-shaped and consists of iodine molecules with very short covalent bonds connected to triiodides by halogen bonding. The single crystal structure is arranged across the lattice fringes in the form of ribbons or honeycombs. The susceptibility of microorganisms towards polyiodides depends on polyiodide bonding patterns with halogen-, covalent-, and non-covalent bonding.     

Environmentally Sustainable Achiral and Chiral Chromatographic Analysis of Amino Acids in Food Supplements

Two LC methods were developed for the achiral and chiral reversed-phase (RP) analysis of an amino acid (AA) pool in a food supplement, in compliance with the main paradigms of Green Chromatography. A direct achiral ion-pairing RP-HPLC method was optimized under gradient conditions with a water-ethanol (EtOH) eluent containing heptafluorobutyric acid (0.1%, v/v), to quantify the eight essential AAs (Ile, Leu, Lys, Met, Phe, Thr, Trp, and Val) contained in the food supplement. Thus, the usually employed acetonitrile was profitably substituted with the less toxic and more benign EtOH. The method was validated for Leu and Phe. The chiral LC method performed with a teicoplanin chiral stationary phase was developed with a water-EtOH (60:40, v/v) eluent with 0.1%, v/v acetic acid. The enantioselective analysis was carried out without any prior derivatization step. Both developed methods performed highly for all eight AAs and revealed that: (i) the content of six out of eight AAs was consistent with the manufacturer declaration; (ii) only L-AAs were present. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that a two-dimensional achiral–chiral configuration is possible in practice, making it even more environmentally sustainable. A molecular modelling investigation revealed interesting insights into the enantiorecognition mechanism of Lys.     

填充间规聚苯乙烯的结晶

间规聚苯乙烯(sPS)性能取决于结晶行为与晶型,sPS结晶行为与形态有许多研究.本文重点综述了黏土、纳米CaCO3、滑石粉、SiO2、Mg(OH)2、TiO2,和成核剂等对sPS结晶行为、结晶形态、熔融特性与晶型的影响.认为sPS结晶行为与晶型取决于成核能垒.成核能垒低,有利于形成α-晶.熔融温度提高,提高成核能垒,有利于形成β-晶.填料加入阻碍sPS结晶成核,提高成核能垒,有利于形成β-晶.成核剂加入,降低成核能垒,有利于形成α-晶.     

Facile synthesis of metal-polyphenol-formaldehyde coordination polymer colloidal nanoparticles with sub-50 nm for T_1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging

Plant polyphenol-based coordination polymers(CPs) with ultra-small particle size and tailorable compositions are highly desired in biomedical applicatio ns,but their synthesis is still challenging due to the sophisticated coordination assembly process and unavoidable self-oxidation polymerization of polyphenol. He rein,a general ligand covalent-modification mediated coordination assembly strategy is proposed for the synthesis of water-dispersible CPs with tunable metal species(e.g., Gd,Cu,Ni,Zn,Fe)and ultra-small diameter(8.6-37.8 nm) using nontoxic plant polyphenol(e.g..tannic acid,gallic acid) as a polymerizable ligand.Polyphenol molecules react with formaldehyde firstly,which can effectively retard the oxidation induced self-polymerization of polyphenol and lead to the formation of metal ions containing CPs colloidal nanoparticles.These ultrafine nanoparticles with stably chelated metal io ns are highly water dispersible and thus advantageous for bioimaging.As an example,ultra-small Gd contained CPs exhibit higher longitudinal relaxivity(r_1=25.5 L mmol ~1 s ~1) value with low r_2/r_1(1.19) than clinically used Magnevist(Gd-DTPA,r_1=3.7 L mmol ~1 s ~1).Due to the enhanced permeability and retention effect,they can be further used as a positive contrast agent for T_1-weighted MR imaging of tumour.     

Advanced Nanomaterials for Multimodal Molecular Imaging

The development of multimodal molecular imaging contrast agents based on versatile nanomaterials has recently attracted much attention in disease diagnosis and therapeutic delivery. Contrast agents made from nanoparticles and used for multimodal imaging in vivo provide a multidimensional pathophysiological overview of diseases. This review summarizes recently developed advanced nanomaterials for multimodal molecular imaging. We comprehensively discuss these nanoparticle contrast agents in terms of their targeting modalities, limitations in clinical translation and future directions.