高效液相色谱法对水果中多菌灵与福美双残留的同时测定

建立了高效液相色谱同时测定水果中多菌灵和福美双残留量的方法。样品经二氯甲烷提取,OasisHLB固相萃取柱净化后,经C18色谱柱分离,甲醇-0.05 mol/L甲酸铵溶液(60∶40,体积比)洗脱,紫外检测器进行检测。结果表明,多菌灵、福美双的的线性范围分别为0.01~10.0、0.05~10.0 mg/kg,相关系数分别为1.0、0.9999,检出限分别为0.005、0.03 mg/kg,平均加标回收率为80%~109%。该方法成功用于市售水果样品的测定。     

双孢蘑菇细菌性病原菌的药效试验

细菌是双孢蘑菇稻田栽培中危害严重的一种病原茵。报道了病原菌的采集、分离纯化、形态特征及致病症状。使用14种药物在室内进行药效实验，结果表明克霉增产灵、黄斑消、克霉灵、甲醛、硫酸铜等药物可有效杀灭病原菌。     

Copper content of vineyard soils at Sremski Karlovci (Vojvodina Province,Serbia) as affected by the use of copper-based fungicides

The present study investigated the copper content of nine vineyard plots soils and four control plots as affected by the application of copper-based fungicides. The study was carried out at the site of Sremski Karlovci in the Serbian province of Vojvodina. The results showed that Cu soil concentrations are increased at the site and that there is a tendency towards soil contamination by this element. Of the 27 total samples studied, only one had Cu concentration above the maximum allowable concentration of 100?mg?kg^?1. That sample's concentration was 111.7?mg?kg^?1. All the samples from the 0–15?cm layer had copper levels that were above the critical value of 60?mg?kg^?1. The mean value of the samples was 79.4?mg?kg^?1, contrasting with the background concentration of 19.8?mg?kg^?1. The results obtained for the studied vineyard soils indicate that these soils are potentially at risk and call for reduced application of Cu-based fungicides along with soil monitoring.     

Synthesis and molecular structure of 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(1-(phenylsulfonyl)propan-2-yl)-1,3,2-dioxaborolane

The compound 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(1-(phenylsulfonyl)propan-2-yl)-1,3,2-dioxabo- rolane has been prepared by the rhodium catalyzed hydroboration of allyl phenyl sulfone and characterized by a single crystal X-ray diffraction study. The title compound crystallized in the monoclinic space group P2₁/c, with cell parameters a=16.0728(8) ?, b=9.8884(5) ?, and c=10.1926(5) ?, β=92.067(1)°, Z=4, and V=1618.90(14) ?³. The structure was solved by direct methods and refined to a final R=0.0449 for 3627 reflections with I>2σ(I). No significant intramolecular or intermolecular interaction is observed with the Lewis acidic boron atom.     

Epipyrone A,a Broad-Spectrum Antifungal Compound Produced by Epicoccum nigrum ICMP 19927

We have isolated a filamentous fungus that actively secretes a pigmented exudate when growing on agar plates. The fungus was identified as being a strain of Epicoccum nigrum. The fungal exudate presented strong antifungal activity against both yeasts and filamentous fungi, and inhibited the germination of fungal spores. The chemical characterization of the exudate showed that the pigmented molecule presenting antifungal activity is the disalt of epipyrone A—a water-soluble polyene metabolite with a molecular mass of 612.29 and maximal UV–Vis absorbance at 428 nm. This antifungal compound showed excellent stability to different temperatures and neutral to alkaline pH.     

T杀菌剂对木霉菌的毒性以及农业土壤中木霉菌分离与计数用选择性培养基(英文)

通过添加三唑酮刺激分生孢子产量、添加苯菌灵刺激营养生长以及添加曲里通X100限制菌落扩展,本文进一步优化了木霉菌的选择性分离与计数培养基。三唑酮能有效地抑制轮枝菌生长。在该培养基上青霉菌和曲霉菌的生长受到明显抑制。在测定了多种杀菌剂对木霉菌以及相关的非木霉菌的毒性基础上,研制了更为可靠、有效的木霉菌选择性培养基。该培养基适合于从非木霉菌含量高的样本,也适合于从木霉菌含量低的样本中计数、分离木霉菌。无论样本中木霉菌的群体大还是小,利用该培养基均能进行计数和分离。     

葡萄灰霉病病原鉴定和生物学特性研究

对不同地区的葡萄灰霉病进行调查和采样,根据病害症状、病原形态和寄主范围对葡萄灰霉病进行鉴定,结果表明,该葡萄灰霉病菌为灰葡萄孢菌(Botrytis cinerea Pers.).该菌的生长温度范围是5～30℃,最适温度为15～25℃;生长的pH值范围是2～9,最适为3～6;光照条件对病菌的生长基本无影响;该菌的寄主范围广泛;木纳格和巨峰对葡萄灰霉病的抗性较强;甲基硫菌灵、亿嘉乐对葡萄灰霉病菌的抑制效果较好.     

一种火龙果病原真菌的分离鉴定与杀菌剂筛选

为了鉴定火龙果的病原菌,本文从火龙果发病枝条分离病原体,通过菌丝和孢子形态学观察、核糖体rRNA基因序列分析鉴定和回接实验,首次在海南发现火龙果感染溃疡病,其病原菌为新暗色柱节孢(Neoscytalidium dimidiatum);随后,分别用多菌灵、精甲霜.锰锌、氰烯菌脂、甲基托布津、达科宁(百菌清)等5种常见杀菌剂在培养基上进行抑菌实验,从抑菌圈的大小初步鉴定多菌灵为该病害的有效杀菌剂,为指导生产上的化学防治提供了选择杀菌剂的重要依据.     

咪唑啉酮类杀菌剂的研究进展

作为一类新的线粒体呼吸抑制剂,咪唑啉酮杀菌剂对卵菌表现出优良的抑制活性．本文综述了5,5-双取代咪唑啉酮类杀菌剂的研究进展,也总结了我们课题组利用氮杂Wittig反应合成具有杀菌活性咪唑啉酮衍生物的研究工作．     

雷公藤炭疽病菌的室内毒力测定

近年来,雷公藤炭疽病为害日趋严重,化学防治是目前防治该病的有效手段。本研究选择4种市售杀菌剂对雷公藤炭疽病菌进行室内毒力测定。结果表明,杀菌剂对菌丝抑制效果最好的是苯甲·丙环唑,其次是多菌灵,EC_(50)分别为0.136、0.166 mg·L~(-1);杀菌剂对分生孢子萌发的毒力结果表明,抑制效果最好是多菌灵,EC_(50)为0.164 mg·L~(-1),抑制效果最差的是嘧菌酯,EC_(50)为0.271 mg·L~(-1)。表明多菌灵和苯甲·丙环唑这2种药剂对雷公藤炭疽病菌有较好的抑制作用,可进一步用于田间防治试验,为进一步筛选生产防治使用的杀菌剂提供理论基础。