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21.
Zhe-Cheng Wei Qiao Wang Li-Jing Min Joanna Bajsa-Hirschel Charles L. Cantrell Liang Han Cheng-Xia Tan Jian-Quan Weng Yu-Xin Li Na-Bo Sun Stephen O. Duke Xing-Hai Liu 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2023,28(1)
Natural products are a source for pesticide or drug discovery. In order to discover lead compounds with high fungicidal or herbicidal activity, new niacinamide derivatives derived from the natural product niacinamide, containing chiral flexible chains, were designed and synthesized. Their structures were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS analysis. The fungicidal and herbicidal activities of these compounds were tested. The fungicidal activity results demonstrated that the compound (S)-2-(2-chloronicotinamido)propyl-2-methylbenzoate (3i) exhibited good fungicidal activity (92.3% inhibition) against the plant pathogen Botryosphaeria berengriana at 50 μg/mL and with an EC50 of 6.68 ± 0.72 μg/mL, which is the same as the positive control (fluxapyroxad). Compound 3i was not phytotoxic and could therefore be used as a fungicide on crops. Structure-activity relationships (SAR) were studied by molecular docking simulations with the succinate dehydrogenase of the fungal mitochondrial respiratory chain. 相似文献
22.
Dynamic residual pattern of azoxystrobin in Swiss chard with contribution to safety evaluation 下载免费PDF全文
《Biomedical chromatography : BMC》2018,32(2)
This study aimed at quantifying the residual amount of azoxystrobin in Swiss chard samples grown under greenhouse conditions at two different locations (Gwangju and Naju, Republic of Korea). Samples were extracted with acetonitrile, separated by salting out, and subjected to purification by using solid‐phase extraction. The analyte was identified using liquid chromatography–ultraviolet detection. The linearity of the calibration range was excellent with coefficient of determination 1.00. Recovery at three different spiking levels (0.1, 0.5, and 4 mg/kg) ranged between 82.89 and 109.46% with relative standard deviation <3. The limit of quantification, 0.01 mg/kg, was considerably much lower than the maximum residue limit (50 mg/kg) set by the Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. The developed methodology was successfully used for field‐treated leaves, which were collected randomly at 0–14 days following azoxystrobin application. The rate of disappearance in/on Swiss chard was ascribed to first‐order kinetics with a half‐life of 8 and 5 days, in leaves grown in Gwangju and Naju greenhouses, respectively. Risk assessments revealed that the acceptable daily intake percentage is substantially below the risk level of consumption at day 0 (in both areas), thus encouraging its safe consumption. 相似文献
23.
Xinhua Liu Jing Zhu Chunxiu Pan Bao’an Song Bo Li 《Frontiers of Chemistry in China》2008,3(4):418-421
(E)-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl) prop-2-en-1-one was prepared from 2-chlorobenzaldehyde followed by cyclization
with hydrazine monohydrate. Eight new 3-(2,4-Di-chlorophenyl)-5-(2-chlorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-N-acylpyrazole derivatives were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The experimental results show that the inhibition ratio of compounds 3f towards H. Oryzae and P. oryzae at 50 mg·L−1 is 55.2% and 57.1%, respectively. The inhibition ratio of compounds 3g towards H. Oryzae, P. oryza, S. Sclerotiorum at 50 mg·L−1 is 53.3%, 60.0%, 50.4% respectively.
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Translated from Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2007, 27(7): 835–837 相似文献
24.
H. S. Rathore K. Ishratullah C. Varshney G. Varshney S. C. Mojumdar 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2008,94(1):75-81
Copper diethyldithiocarbamate, cadmium diethyldithiocarbamate, lead diethyldithiocarbamate, nickel diethyldithiocarbamate
and zinc diethyldithiocarbamate have been synthesized. They have been characterized using TG, DTA, IR spectroscopy, X-ray
and atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The thermal conversion of the compounds is 54.36–88% at 1000°C. Their solubility
in sodium hydroxide, mineral acids, organic solvents, distilled water and salts solution has been measured. Fungicidal activity
of the dithiocarbamates has been tested by well or cup diffusion method using five fungi species. Their activity has also
been tested by broth dilution method using six bacterial species. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (bactericidal) is 6.25–25.00
μg mL−1. 相似文献
25.
复合物III是细胞呼吸链的重要组成部分,也是杀菌剂的重要作用靶标之一,近年来以复合物III为靶标的杀菌剂应用越来越广泛。本文在总结了复合物III结构和功能最新研究成果的基础上,系统综述了抗霉素A、氰霜唑、Surangin B等Qi位点抑制剂,甲氧丙烯酸酯类、噁唑菌酮、粘噻唑、标桩菌素、UHDBT等Qo位点抑制剂,以及双位点抑制剂NQNO与复合物III的作用机理,并对各类杀菌剂的构效关系进行了归纳和讨论。 相似文献
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28.
三唑并噻二唑衍生物的合成及抑菌活性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了寻找高活性农药先导化合物,考虑到三唑并噻二唑衍生物具有广泛的生物活性,本文利用活性亚结构拼接原理,将活性基团分别引入1,2,4-均三唑并[3,4-b]-1,3,4-噻二唑杂环的3位和6位,合成了未见文献报道的3,6-二取代均三唑并[3,4-b]-1,3,4-噻二唑类化合物11个,并用IR、1HNMR及元素分析测试技术对其进行了结构表征。抑菌活性生物测定结果表明,合成的大部分化合物对黄瓜灰霉病菌(Botrytis cinerea)均有较好的生长抑制作用,其中,化合物5ae、5ag和5bd的抑制率达到70%;化合物5ad、5cd、5ce的抑制率大于60%;5bd对水稻纹枯病菌(Pellicularia sasakii)抑制率大于60%,化合物5cg对西瓜炭疽病菌(Colletotrichum lagenarium)的抑制率为69%。 相似文献
29.
Gianfranco Romanazzi Yann Oronneau Marwa Moumni Yann Davillerd Patrice Andr Marchand 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(11)
Synthetic pesticides are widely used to protect crops from pathogens and pests, especially for fruits and vegetables, and this may lead to the presence of residues on fresh produce. Improving the sustainability of agriculture and, at the same time, reducing the adverse effects of synthetic pesticides on human health requires effective alternatives that improve the productivity while maintaining the food quality and safety. Moreover, retailers increasingly request fresh produce with the amounts of pesticides largely below the official maximum residue levels. Basic substances are relatively novel compounds that can be used in plant protection without neurotoxic or immune-toxic effects and are still poorly known by phytosanitary consultants (plant doctors), researchers, growers, consumers, and decision makers. The focus of this review is to provide updated information about 24 basic substances currently approved in the EU and to summarize in a single document their properties and instructions for users. Most of these substances have a fungicidal activity (calcium hydroxide, chitosan, chitosan hydrochloride, Equisetum arvense L., hydrogen peroxide, lecithins, cow milk, mustard seed powder, Salix spp., sunflower oil, sodium chloride, sodium hydrogen carbonate, Urtica spp., vinegar, and whey). Considering the increasing requests from consumers of fruits and vegetables for high quality with no or a reduced amount of pesticide residues, basic substances can complement and, at times, replace the application of synthetic pesticides with benefits for users and for consumers. Large-scale trials are important to design the best dosage and strategies for the application of basic substances against pathogens and pests in different growing environments and contexts. 相似文献
30.
植物源杀菌剂的研究进展 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
综述了抗菌植物资源种类、植物中的主要抑菌成分、植物抗菌物质的检测以及植物源杀菌剂的应用开发研究,并提出了在抗菌物质筛选中应注意的一些问题. 相似文献