立式砂仓断面积和高度研究及应用

基于室内实验、集料供排平衡理论、流体动力学理论,提出立式砂仓断面积和高度的计算模型.断面积计算模型的核心是有效沉降速度,通过沉降规律分析,提出有效沉降速度为干涉沉降结束时液面下降高度与沉降时间之比.高度计算模型由压缩层、沉降层、溢流层、储砂空间和稳定放砂高度组成,核心是压缩层高度计算,应用流体动力学理论提出压缩层高度和砂浆浓度的关系式.以某矿立式砂仓为例,计算得到立式砂仓直径D为10 m,砂仓高度H为26.5 m.现场试运行结果表明:砂仓底流体积分数可达44%(质量分数69%),溢流水体积分数控制在3%以下,浓缩效果良好.     

A 1D Roe decomposition of a system of equations governing wave height transformation

A Roe‐type decomposition for a system of equations governing onshore/offshore wave transformation in coastal waters is derived. The equation set approximated pertains to coastal waters prior to wave breaking, and is based on depth‐averaging and time‐averaging of the Euler equations. The equations are those used in many commercial codes for simulation of wave height and wave‐averaged currents. This novel approach uses a combination of some standard Roe averages, together with physical reasoning and power series expansions to derive a Roe‐averaged Jacobian (with real, linearly independent eigenvectors) and ensures conservation, and thereby effects the decomposition. It is shown that the resulting derived Roe‐averaged quantities are accurate to a high degree, by comparing them with their analytical equivalents for a wide range of nondimensional water depths and slopes likely to be encountered in coastal problems. Numerical tests of time‐invariant wave height transformation and wave group propagation are undertaken; these indicate good performance of the scheme in practice. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

倾斜储油罐的变位识别与罐容表标定

本文使用分析的方法研究了倾斜储油罐的变位识别与罐容表标定问题,精确地给出了油位高度与储油量之间的关系式.     

Influence of sputter power on structural and electrical properties of TiO2 films for Al/TiO2/Si gate capacitors

Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) thin films were deposited onto p‐Si substrates held at room temperature by reactive Direct Current (DC) magnetron sputtering at various sputter powers in the range 80–200 W. The as‐deposited TiO₂ films were annealed at a temperature of 1023 K. The post‐annealed films were characterized for crystallographic structure, chemical binding configuration, surface morphology and optical absorption. The electrical and dielectric properties of Al/TiO₂/p‐Si structure were determined from the capacitance–voltage and current–voltage characteristics. X‐ray diffraction studies confirmed that the as‐deposited films were amorphous in nature. After post‐annealing at 1023 K, the films formed at lower powers exhibited anatase phase, where as those deposited at sputter powers > 160 W showed the mixed anatase and rutile phases of TiO₂. The surface morphology of the films varied significantly with the increase of sputter power. The electrical and dielectric properties on the air‐annealed Al/TiO₂/p‐Si structures were studied. The effect of sputter power on the electrical and dielectric characteristics of the structure of Al/TiO₂/p‐Si (metal‐insulator‐semiconductor) was systematically investigated. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Characterization of the channel walls roughness in photonic crystal fibers

We present electron microscope (FEI NanoSEM) and atomic force microscopy measurements of surface roughness in nanochannels in photonic crystal fibers (PCF). A method was invented to cleave the PCF along the axis without damaging the surface structure in the nanochannels allowing us to characterize the morphology of the nanochannels in the PCF. A multi-wall carbon nanotube mounted onto commercial AFM probes and super sharp silicon non-contact mode AFM probes were used to characterize the wall roughness in the nanochannels. The roughness is shown to have a Gaussian distribution, and has an amplitude smaller than 0.5 nm. The height–height correlation function is an exponential correlation function with an autocorrelation length of 13 nm, and 27 nm corresponding with scan sizes of 200×100 nm², and 1600×200 nm², respectively.     

南非世界杯足球赛参赛运动员年龄与身体形态特征统计分析

利用文献资料、数据统计和比较分析等方法,从数据平均值特征、位置结构特征和地域分布特征3个维度对2010年南非世界杯足球赛决赛阶段736名参赛运动员年龄、身高、体质量和克托莱指数4个指标进行统计比较研究.结果表明:32支队伍参赛队员平均年龄、身高、体质量和克托莱指数分别为27.2岁,181.7cm,76.1kg,418.8;非洲、美洲、欧洲和亚洲各个球队门将、后卫队员、中场队员和前锋队员在年龄、身高、体质量和克托莱指数上存在一定的差异.     

杂货船装运木材的稳性核算

货物的重量和体积只有参考数据或者没有数据,是杂货船装运木材经常遇到的问题,给货物配载和稳性计算带来了相当的不便.根据某船多年的装船经验,探讨了一种在装货过程中,对货物重量,尤其是甲板货的重量进行测算以及核算船舶初稳性高度的方法,为船舶驾驶人员在运输木材时正确装船提供了依据.     

页岩油水平井多段压裂裂缝高度扩展试验

针对吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组页岩油储层压裂垂向改造程度低的问题,基于真三轴水力压裂模拟试验研究CO2与胍胶复合压裂相比于常规水基和超临界CO2压裂缝高扩展的优势.创新性建立一套针对天然页岩的水平井多段压裂模拟试验方法,并通过试样剖分、CT扫描和声发射监测等方法综合确定多段压裂裂缝形态和破裂机制.结果表明:低黏度滑溜水和超临...     

显微镜法中物体高度对折射率的影响

分析了用显微镜测物体折射率的实验中物体的高度与测量精度的关系,讨论了物体的高度对物像清晰度和测量误差的影响.结果表明待测物体的高度满足Ｈ≈ｎｈ时,测量误差最小,物像最清晰.