改进的海上稠油黏弹性聚合物驱分流量方程

现有的聚合物驱分流量方程多针对陆上油田建立,且对聚合物流动过程中涉及的物化现象考虑不足,对渤海稠油油藏的适应性较差。为更好的描述海上油田注聚油藏动态,结合现有的分流量方程,考虑了聚合物黏弹性、聚合物老化降解以及原油张弛特性等关键因素的影响,建立了改进的聚合物驱分流量方程,为海上聚合物驱快速评价提供一种有效的预测方法。计算分析表明:聚合物黏弹性、降解效应、原油黏度特性以及不可及孔隙体积等均会对聚驱分流曲线形态产生明显影响;改进后的分流量方程能较准确预测海上聚合物驱动态。     

安塞油田长10储层渗流特征研究

为了全面研究陕北低渗透油田—安塞油田长10油藏渗流机理,解决开发过程中渗流阻力大、注水效果差等问题,进一步改善油田开发效果,应用室内高精度微量泵和高精度压差传感器对长10储层岩心开展了油水渗流特征、水驱油效率、启动压力梯度等多项实验研究,并推导了低渗透油田IPR新方程,结果表明该储层原油的物性非均质性较强,流体渗流不遵循达西定律,存在启动压力梯度且启动压力梯度与储层的渗透率成反比;油水两相渗流特征反映束缚水饱和度较高,油水两相流动范围窄,具有典型的低渗亲水油藏特征,因此可通过降低启动压力梯度、增大生产压差来改善开发效果。     

濮城油田东区非均质地质的开发与调整措施

以濮城油田东区沙二下储层的沉积相、沉积微相和储层物性解释模型为基础 ,从微观、层内、层间、平面非均质四方面建立了储层分布与储层非均质性三维地质模型 ,并对开发生产调整措施的有效实施提出了建议。由于以上四方面的非均质性总体中等偏强 ,沉积微相的垂向分布、平面展布大小及砂体储油物性的平面变化对非均质性的控制极为明显 ,所以对于不同的沉积微相所对应剩余油量情况采用不同开采方式。对于层间非均质性大的层系 ,可采用有效封堵技术 ,或调整注采压力系统。对平面非均质性大的层系 ,在采用周期性注水或转向注水时对砂体的连续性考虑十分重要     

多壁碳纳米管-炭复合泡沫材料的制备和吸附性能

通过在聚氨酯泡沫模板中沉积多壁碳纳米管，用炭的预制体酚醛树酯将碳纳米管粘接固定在一起，经过高温碳化过程制备了碳纳米管-炭复合泡沫材料。红外光谱结果表明利用浓硫酸和浓硝酸的混合溶液处理可以使复合泡沫表面活化形成羧基和羟基，从而使复合泡沫具备较强的分子吸附能力。扫描电镜和氮吸附实验表明这种复合泡沫同时具备大孔和介孔，大孔能够满足流体自由流动的通畅性，介孔可以满足中分子的吸附需要。对标定物维生素B12的吸附实验证明这种复合泡沫对中分子量的生化分子具有有效的吸附能力。这种宏观尺寸的泡沫材料与传统的颗粒状活性炭相比具有简化工艺，提高吸附效率的应用潜力。     

Polarized Spacetime Foam

An approximate model of a spacetime foam is presented. It is supposed that in the spacetime foam each quantum handle is like to an electric dipole and therefore the spacetime foam is similar to a dielectric. If we neglect of linear sizes of the quantum handle then it can be described with an operator containing a Grassman number and either a scalar or a spinor field. For both fields the Lagrangian is presented. For the scalar field it is the dilaton gravity + electrodynamics and the dilaton field is a dielectric permeability. The spherically symmetric solution in this case give us the screening of a bare electric charge surrounded by a polarized spacetime foam and the energy of the electric field becomes finite one. In the case of the spinor field the spherically symmetric solution give us a ball of the polarized spacetime foam filled with the confined electric field. It is shown that the full energy of the electric field in the ball can be very big.     

城市排水系统智慧决策技术研究综述

智慧决策是智慧水务的核心关键技术。围绕城市排水系统的提标增效,从管网诊断评估、城市内涝防治和雨天溢流污染控制3个方面,对城市排水系统智慧决策的实现模式进行了评述。在管网诊断评估方面,综述了基于水量、水质特征因子分区监测的水量来源溯源定位方法;在城市内涝防治方面,综述了基于数值化模型的内涝风险精细化模拟评估和机器学习模型的降雨实时预报、局部积水深度快速预报实现模式;在溢流污染控制方面,综述了基于多目标优化算法、数值模型和机器学习相结合的排水系统优化调度实现模式。模型系统的可靠性是智慧排水决策的关键,应重视管网水量来源定量解析和排水系统内涝风险预警、优化运行调度的融合。     

黏弹性聚合物驱油藏渗流规律及试井模型探讨

实验测定了不同浓度下高分子聚丙烯酰胺溶液在岩芯和流变仪中的流变性,证实了其在多孔介质中流动时存 在“弹性”,且在中等剪切速率范围内（0.1～100.0 s−1）符合非牛顿幂律渗流模式。基于实验取得的认识,利用黏弹性本 构方程表征聚合物溶液有效黏度,建立了黏弹性聚合物驱油藏的不稳定渗流数学模型,利用有限差分方法求得数值 解,研制了相应的无因次试井图版,并对实测试井资料进行了拟合解释,探讨了弹性对聚合物驱油藏试井曲线形态的 影响。研究表明,弹性虽然会造成近井地层压力大幅上升,但几乎不改变试井曲线形态。因而,在黏弹性聚合物驱油 藏试井分析中,可以忽略弹性的影响,应用非牛顿幂律试井模型求取解释参数。     

Modifying the physicochemical properties,solubility and foaming capacity of milk proteins by ultrasound-assisted alkaline pH-shifting treatment

This study investigated the effects of different treatment of alkaline pH-shifting on milk protein concentrate (MPC), micellar casein concentrate (MCC) and whey protein isolate (WPI) assisted by the same ultrasound conditions, including changes in the physicochemical properties, solubility and foaming capacity. The solubility of milk proteins had a significant increase with gradual enhancement of ultrasound-assisted alkaline pH-shifting (p < 0.05), especially for MCC up to 99.50 %. Also, treatment made a significant decline in the particle size of MPC and MCC, as well as the turbidity of the proteins (p < 0.05). The foaming capacity of MPC, MCC, and WPI was all improved, especially at pH 11, and at this pH, the milk protein also showed the highest surface hydrophobicity. The best foaming capacity at pH 11 was the result of the combined effect of particle size, potential, protein conformation, solubility, and surface hydrophobicity. In conclusion, ultrasound-assisted pH-shifting treatment was found to be effective in improving the physicochemical properties and solubility and foaming capacity of milk proteins, especially MCC, with promising application prospect in food industry.     

聚合物驱后提高采收率方式实验研究

结合孤岛油田注聚区块地层情况,优选出了适于聚合物驱后进一步提高采收率的驱油剂─—阳离子聚合物,研究了其驱油机理、在均质岩心中的驱油效果、均质岩心聚合物驱后水驱不同倍数时的驱油效果;研究了非均质地层聚合物驱后进行调剖或不调剖的驱油效果,并与具有超低界面张力的驱油剂的驱油效果进行了对比.研究表明,聚驱后注入的阳离子聚合物通过吸附、絮凝等作用可使后续水驱波及体积进一步增加,聚驱后转水驱阶段越早注入阳离子聚合物其驱油效果越好,非均质地层聚驱后对高渗层进行适当的封堵再注入阳离子聚合物可较大幅度地提高采收率.