碳酸酐酶靶向探针的研究进展

碳酸酐酶作为一类在肿瘤中高表达的酶, 参与肿瘤组织中乏氧、 微酸性等环境的调节, 已成为肿瘤诊断与治疗的一类重要靶点. 本文简要概述了碳酸酐酶的生物学功能, 并总结了目前针对碳酸酐酶所构建的不同类型的分子探针, 以及其在肿瘤成像与治疗应用中的研究进展. 最后, 对靶向碳酸酐酶探针研究所面临的挑战和未来可能的研究方向进行了展望.     

硫代部花菁类染料生物成像及诊疗的研究进展

硫代部花菁是氮杂环阳离子和末端氨基、 羟基或烷氧基通过π共轭桥连在一起的一类荧光染料, 具有优异的光学性质和生物相容性, 其近红外发射优势以及光敏特性使以硫代部花菁为骨架的荧光探针和诊疗试剂在荧光/光声成像和肿瘤治疗方面发挥着重要作用. 本文综合评述了基于硫代部花菁构建的荧光探针和诊疗分子在识别各种生命或环境分析物以及光基疗法中的研究及应用, 讨论了该领域面临的问题, 并对未来的发展趋势进行了展望.     

基于铜金属有机配合物的热活化延迟荧光材料

具有热活化延迟荧光(thermally activated delayed fluorescence, TADF)特性的配合物可以同时利用单重态和三重态激子,因此发光量子效率较高,近年来受到广大科研工作者的关注。特别是铜金属有机配合物,最低单重态和最低三重态的能量差较小,又可以通过不同配体或取代基进行调节,所以具有较好TADF性能。本文根据配位原子的类型,汇总和分析了近5年具有TADF性质的铜配合物的结构特点和发光性能,并简要讨论了其在有机发光二极管(organic light-emitting diodes,OLEDs)中的潜在应用。     

热激活延迟荧光材料的光物理行为及性能预测

热激活延迟荧光(Thermally activated delayed fluorescence, TADF)材料由于三线态激子可通过反系间窜越(Reverse intersystem crossing, RISC)转换为单线态激子,在有机发光二极管(Organic light-emitting diodes, OLEDs)中理论上可达到100%的激子利用率而被广泛关注。但实验上开发设计高性能TADF材料较为复杂且研究周期较长,理论研究可以从本质上建立材料结构-性能的关系,预测材料的性质并提供一定的分子设计策略。本文围绕高性能TADF材料的开发,从发光原理出发,系统阐述了分子的设计策略及光物理参数如材料单-三线态能级差(Single-triplet energy gap,ΔE_ST)、系间/反系间窜越速率、吸收/发射光谱、辐射/非辐射速率等的计算原理、计算方法和研究进展。最后我们探讨了TADF材料理论研究面临的机遇和挑战,通过对TADF材料的理论研究综述和研究前景的展望,期待吸引更多的研究工作者,推动该领域的发展和突破。     

双萘酰亚胺衍生物用于检测水溶液中的苦味酸

设计合成了一个新的双1,8-萘酰亚胺衍生物(Bis-Nph), 并通过核磁共振波谱和高分辨质谱鉴定了其结构. Bis-Nph呈现出典型的分子内电荷转移(ICT)和聚集诱导增强发射(AIEE). 该化合物可以作为荧光探针检测水溶液中的苦味酸(2,4,6-三硝基苯酚, TNP), 检出限为5.8×10^-7 mol/L. 作用机制为TNP的质子转移到Bis-Nph, 有效地阻断了其ICT发射, 使荧光发生显著猝灭. 另外, Bis-Nph的细胞毒性较低, 可做成试纸进行TNP的快速检测.     

Interactions between a dsDNA Oligonucleotide and Imidazolium Chloride Ionic Liquids: Effect of Alkyl Chain Length,Part I

Ionic liquids (ILs) have become nearly ubiquitous solvents and their interactions with biomolecules has been a focus of study. Here, we used the fluorescence emission of DAPI, a groove binding fluorophore, coupled with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to report on interactions between imidazolium chloride ([Im_n,1]⁺) ionic liquids and a synthetic DNA oligonucleotide composed entirely of T/A bases (7(TA)) to elucidate the effects ILs on a model DNA duplex. Spectral shifts on the order of 500–1000 cm⁻¹, spectral broadening (~1000 cm⁻¹), and excitation and emission intensity ratio changes combine to give evidence of an increased DAPI environment heterogeneity on added IL. Fluorescence lifetimes for DAPI/IL solutions yielded two time constants 0.15 ns (~80% to 60% contribution) and 2.36–2.71 ns for IL up to 250 mM. With DNA, three time constants were required that varied with added IL (0.33–0.15 ns (1–58% contribution), ~1.7–1.0 ns (~5% contribution), and 3.8–3.6 ns (94–39% contribution)). MD radial distribution functions revealed that π-π stacking interactions between the imidazolium ring were dominant at lower IL concentration and that electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions become more prominent as IL concentration increased. Alkyl chain alignment with DNA and IL-IL interactions also varied with IL. Collectively, our data showed that, at low IL concentration, IL was primarily bound to the DNA minor groove and with increased IL concentration the phosphate regions and major groove binding sites were also important contributors to the complete set of IL-DNA duplex interactions.     

Degradation-fragmentation of marine plastic waste and their environmental implications: A critical review

This review critically evaluates the plastic accumulation challenges and their environmental (primarily) and human (secondarily) impacts. It also emphasizes on their degradation and fragmentation phenomena under marine conditions. In addition, it takes into account the leachability of the various chemical substances (additives) embedded in plastic products to improve their polymeric properties and extend their life. Regardless of their effectiveness in enhancing the polymeric function of plastic products, these additives can potentially contaminate air, soil, food, and water. Several findings have shown that, regardless of their types and sizes, plastics can be degraded and/or fragmented under marine conditions. Therefore, the estimation of fragmentation and degradation rates via a reliable developed model is required to better understand the marine environmental status. The main parameter, which is responsible for initiating the fragmentation of plastics, is sunlight/UV radiation. Yet, UV- radiation alone is not enough to fragment some plastic polymer types under marine conditions, additional factors are needed such as mechanical abrasion. It should be also mentioned that most current studies on plastic degradation and fragmentation centered on the primary stages of degradation. Thus, further studies are needed to better understand these phenomena and to identify their fate and environmental effects.     

Ultrafast Decay Dynamics of 2-Hydroxypyridine Excited to S1 Electronic State

The S\begin{document}$_1$\end{document} state decay dynamics of 2-hydroxypyridine following UV excitation at a wavelength range of 276.9\begin{document}$-$\end{document}250.0 nm is investigated using femtosecond time-resolved photoelectron imaging technique. Based on pump wavelength dependence of the decay dynamics, a refined decay picture is proposed. At pump wavelength of 276.9 nm, the S\begin{document}$_1$\end{document} state is depopulated through intersystem crossing to lower triplet state(s). At 264.0 nm, both intersystem crossing to lower triplet state(s) and internal conversion to the ground state are in operation. At 250.0 nm, internal conversion to the ground state becomes dominated.     

溶酶体靶向吲哚氟硼二吡咯光敏剂的合成、双光子荧光成像及光动力治疗

通过Knoevenagel缩合反应制备了一个具有溶酶体靶向的近红外光敏剂IMBDP-Lys, 用于双光子荧光成像和光动力治疗. IMBDP-Lys由2个吲哚吗啉功能团连接到氟硼二吡咯(BODIPY)母核的3?位和8?位构筑而成, 是一种重原子诱导的光敏剂. 采用高斯09W理论计算光敏剂S₁态和T₂态能量值相差0.12 eV, 可以有效地发生系间窜越. 在二氯甲烷溶液中, 光敏剂IMBDP-Lys的最大吸收波长为631 nm, 最大发射波长为684 nm. 在 660 nm的光照下, 以亚甲基蓝为参比, 单线态氧量子产率经计算为48.3%. 此外, 含有2个吗啉基团的光敏剂IMBDP-Lys具有良好的生物相容性和精准的靶向能力, 可以快速地进入斑马鱼体内进行双光子荧光成像, 并且与溶酶体绿色染料Lyso-Tracker Green共定位系数为0.95. 溴化噻唑蓝四氮唑(MTT)实验结果表明, 光敏剂具有低的暗毒性(≥85%)和高的光毒性(IC₅₀=0.52 μmol/L). 在660 nm的光照下, 利用活性氧荧光探针2’,7’-二氯二氢荧光素二乙酸酯（DCFH-DA）证明光敏剂可以产生活性氧, 同时吖啶橙/溴化乙锭(AO/EB)染色实验和细胞迁移实验表明产生的活性氧不仅能诱导A549细胞凋亡, 还能有效地抑制肿瘤细胞迁移. 因此, 近红外光敏剂IMBDP-Lys在双光子荧光成像和溶酶体靶向的光动力治疗中具有重要的应用价值.     

Novel anti-inflammatory and wound healing controlled released LDH-Curcumin nanocomposite via intramuscular implantation,in-vivo study

One of the most common problems in wounds is delayed healing and complications such as infection. Therefore, the need for novel materials accelerates the healing of wounds especially abdominal wounds after surgery besides high efficiency and safety is mandatory. The rate of wound healing, anti-inflammatory and biocompatibility of Zn-Al LDH (Zn-Al layer double hydroxide) alone and loaded with Curcumin (Zn-Al LDH/Curcumin) was screened via in-vivo assays through intramuscular implantation in rat abdominal wall with intact peritoneum cavity. The implanted drugs were formed through Curcumin loaded into LDH of Zn-Al with drug release of 56.78 ± 1.51% within 24 h. The synthesized nanocomposite was characterized by (TGA/DTA) thermal analysis, (XRD) X-ray diffraction, (FESEM) Field emission scanning electron microscopy, (HRTEM) high resolution transmission electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and low-temperature N₂ adsorption, pore volume and average pore size distribution. The integrity of blood circulation, inflammatory signs, wound healing rate, capacity of tissue integration, antigenicity and composite biocompatibility, auto fluorescence ability of collagen bundles and the tensile strength of the muscle were assessed histopathologically after 7 and 30 days’ post-implantation. Excellent wound healing ability was achieved with shortest length between the wound gap edges and higher tensile strength of the muscle. Besides emit florescence very well followed by good healing and tensile muscles strength in Curcumin while very low strength with scar formation in Zn-Al LDH/Curcumin in both acute and chronic wound. No signs of inflammation in Curcumin & Zn-Al LDH. No vessels obstruction or bleeding observed in both Zn-Al LDH and Curcumin more than Zn-Al LDH/Curcumin and control which examined through candling. Good healing & infiltrated immune cells in same groups through histopathological examination. This work supports the anti-inflammatory, wound healing and biocompatibility of both LDH and Curcumin with living matter, increasing their biomedical applications in this era with safety and increasing efficacy with prolonged drug release.