Experimental and numerical investigation of aramid fibre reinforced laminates subjected to low velocity impact

The low velocity impact performance of domestic aramid fibre reinforced laminates is investigated experimentally and numerically. Laminates with different thicknesses are impacted by drop-weight test machine under different impact energies. The time histories of impact force are recorded and ultrasonic C-scan technology is used to inspect the internal damage of the laminates. Numerical simulation is conducted using finite element method (FEM), taking into account both intralaminar and interlaminar damage. The intralaminar damage model is based on the continuum damage mechanics (CDM) approach, which consists of the strain-based Hashin failure criteria and the exponential damage evolution law, and considers the nonlinear shear behaviour of the material. The interlaminar damage is simulated by interface elements with cohesive zone model. The numerical results show good agreements with the experiments, thus verifying the validity of the presented numerical model.     

立式砂仓断面积和高度研究及应用

基于室内实验、集料供排平衡理论、流体动力学理论,提出立式砂仓断面积和高度的计算模型.断面积计算模型的核心是有效沉降速度,通过沉降规律分析,提出有效沉降速度为干涉沉降结束时液面下降高度与沉降时间之比.高度计算模型由压缩层、沉降层、溢流层、储砂空间和稳定放砂高度组成,核心是压缩层高度计算,应用流体动力学理论提出压缩层高度和砂浆浓度的关系式.以某矿立式砂仓为例,计算得到立式砂仓直径D为10 m,砂仓高度H为26.5 m.现场试运行结果表明:砂仓底流体积分数可达44%(质量分数69%),溢流水体积分数控制在3%以下,浓缩效果良好.     

牛顿流体中表面活性剂对浮力驱动的单液滴动力学行为的影响研究

研究了不同粒径单液滴在去离子水中和加入表面活性剂的去离子水中的形变、上升速度和曳力系数等动力学参数，液滴当量直径范围290mm     

多电极电磁血液流速仪仿真建模研究

基于电磁流量计权函数理论,将多电极电磁测量方式应用于肢体动脉、静脉血液流速测量。通过将流动截面处划分为不同的区域,利用权函数理论重构流动截面处不同区域内的平均轴向速度值,实现对动脉、静脉血管中互为逆向流动的速度信息测量。在此基础上,通过获取不同位置的弦端电压,利用区域权函数的计算方法,确定流动截面上不同位置的权函数,进而计算流动截面处各个区域的局部轴向平均速度。三维有限元模型仿真和计算结果表明电极的位置、数量以及不同的划分方式重构结果不同,实现了速度重构并测量了局部速度分布。     

利用伪速度方法压制浅海鬼波

采用基于用传统方法获取的海上单分量地震资料, 估算出同一位置速度的垂直分量(伪速度), 再与单分量压力数据联合, 达到压制鬼波的目的。将稀疏约束的反卷积方法作为鬼波压制的关键环节, 使得在浅海环境下, 由海水表面引起的检波器端上、下行波干涉产生的陷波问题得到改善, 同时低频能量得到增强, 提高了数据的分辨率。该方法可用于海上单分量压力数据的再处理, 拓宽数据的频带范围。     

Recent advances of ultrasonic testing of cement based materials at early ages

To summarize some of the most important findings in the field of ultrasonic (US) testing of early age hydration and formation of structure of different cement based materials (CBMs), a review of literature with focus on US P-wave transmission and S-wave reflection methods is presented in this paper. The review shows a great ability of both US techniques to observe setting phenomena and to determine different milestones during the early age formation of CBM’s microstructure. Clear physical basis, high accuracy, and non-destructive nature of the method indicate that US methods could become standardized in the near future.     

水动力作用对污染物在河流水沙两相中分配的影响研究进展

通过总结近年来有关水动力作用对河流中泥沙吸附/释放重金属、磷等污染物影响研究成果,分析了水流紊动强度和流速对污染物在河流水沙两相中分配的影响规律。当水流紊动强度较低时,泥沙主要以床沙形式存在,泥沙对污染物的吸附/释放速率和强度较低;随着紊动强度增大,水沙界面切应力随之增大并促使泥沙悬浮,污染物与悬浮泥沙颗粒接触面积增大,使得泥沙对污染物的吸附/释放速率和强度显著增加。流速对污染物在水沙两相间分配的影响较为复杂。泥沙静止时,流速的增大会减小边界层厚度,增大水体溶解氧含量、氧化还原电位等参数,并使污染物在水体里的扩散由分子扩散转变为以紊动扩散为主,增强污染物在水-沙界面的交换通量,对污染物在水沙两相间的分配产生影响;随着流速进一步增大,床沙逐渐起动、悬浮,此时除上述因素外,泥沙运动状态、悬浮颗粒间碰撞强度、悬浮物的絮凝等均会对泥沙吸附/释放污染物产生影响,由于影响因素较多,作用机制复杂,目前关于泥沙运动对污染物在水沙两相间分配的影响所得结论仍存在分歧。相应的机理研究及数学模型的建立均做了较大简化。综观当前的研究成果,水沙运动及其化学生物过程等对污染物在河流水沙两相中的分配作用机理和耗氧有机物、有毒有机物等污染物与泥沙的作用机理是这一领域的未来研究重点。     

An analysis of peak overpressures in vented gaseous explosions

Experimental data from vented explosion tests using stoichiometric methane–air and 18% hydrogen–air mixtures in a 63.7 m³ chamber with a 2.7 or 5.4 m² vent are presented. Results from experiments conducted using stoichiometric propane–air in 2.42 m³ vessel with a 0.26 m² vent are also reported. The tests were focused on the effect of fuel, enclosure size, ignition location, vent size, and obstacles on the pressure development of a propagating flame in a vented enclosure. The dependence of the maximum pressure generated on the experimental parameters was analyzed. It was found that the pressure maxima may be caused by pressure transients controlled by the interplay of the maximum-flame area, the burning velocity, and the overpressure generated by an external explosion. A simple model was proposed to estimate the maximum pressure for each of the main pressure transients. The model was found to agree with the experimental data within the experimental uncertainty.     

彩涂生产线自动化系统

彩涂钢板自动化控制系统设计较为复杂,介绍了其构成,制定了交流控制系统方案,提出了自动控制系统设计流程,为需求方提供系统组成及所需控制系统的硬件运用与软件开发。     

Combining GPS carrier phase and Doppler observations for precise velocity determination

The truncation error and propagation error are analyzed for velocity determination through differential GPS carrier phase observations,and an approach for the choice of the best number of points for the central difference method is developed.In order to overcome the disadvantages of existing GPS velocity determination methods,a new velocity determination algorithm is presented,based on combining carrier phase and Doppler observations.The basic idea is that two types of observation are combined by adding the...