莱北地区新近系明化镇组下段浅水湖盆砂体预测

莱北地区新近系明化镇组下段(以下简称"明下段")浅水湖盆砂体发育规律的认识程度相对较低,由于渤海海域新近系浅层油气藏中,浅水环境下沉积的砂岩储层占较大比重,因此有效预测该区明下段浅水湖盆砂体的发育规律对后期油气勘探显得尤为重要。针对浅水湖盆砂体单层厚度普遍较薄,侧向迁移快,叠置发育的特征,单种方法难以有效预测及研究区钻井资料较少,限制地震反演应用等问题。在充分利用高分辨地震资料基础上,提出一套适合研究区的研究思路。具体思路如下:首先井震联合建立高频层序等时格架,主要含油层段划分11个五级层序。其次在波形分类地震相砂体预测宏观趋势指导下,结合优选的最小振幅属性,对目的层段内浅水湖盆砂体进行精细刻画。砂体预测结果表明,平面上,明下段储集砂体展布具有明显的分带性。纵向上,三级层序控制明下段主要含油层段储集砂体类型及富集段。该预测结果可为渤海海域新近系浅水湖泊沉积体系的深入认识及油气勘探提供科学依据。     

Flexural properties of fiber‐reinforced polypropylene composites with and without a transcrystalline layer

The flexural properties of isotactic polypropylene (PP) matrix composites reinforced with 5–30 vol% of unidirectional pitch‐based carbon, polyacrylonitrile (PAN)‐based carbon, e‐glass or aramid fibers were measured using both static and dynamic test methods. Previous research has shown that these pitch‐based carbon and aramid fibers are capable of densely nucleating PP crystals at the fiber surface, leading to the growth of an oriented interphase termed a “transcrystalline layer” (TCL), while the e‐glass and PAN‐based carbon fibers show no nucleating ability. The PP matrices examined included unmodified homopolymers, nucleated homopolymers and PP grafted with maleic anhydride (MA). The composites based on the unmodified PP homopolymers all exhibited poor fiber/matrix adhesion, regardless of fiber type and presence or absence of a TCL. The addition of nucleating agent to the PP matrix had no measurable effect on either the amount of TCL material in pitch‐based carbon‐fiber‐reinforced composites, as measured by wide‐angle X‐ray scattering, WAXS, or the static flexural properties of the composites reinforced with either type of carbon fiber. However, MA grafting reduced the transcrystalline fraction of the matrix in pitch‐based carbon‐fiber‐reinforced composites; at the highest level of MA grafting, the TCL was completely suppressed. In addition, high levels of MA grafting improved the transverse flexural modulus of the composites containing both types of carbon fibers, and reduced the extent of fiber pull‐out, indicating an improvement in fiber/matrix adhesion. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Investigation of microwave energy to cure carbon fiber reinforced phenylethynyl-terminated polyimide composites,PETI-5/IM7

The application of microwave energy to the processing of carbon fiber reinforced phenylethynyl-terminated polyimide composites (PETI-5/IM7) was investigated and evaluated with a variable-frequency microwave furnace. The thermal and physical properties of the composites were measured by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, thermomechanical analysis, and density and composition tests. The mechanical properties were determined by 3-point-bending and short-beam-shear tests at both room temperature and 177 °C. The shear failure surfaces of both microwave- and thermally cured composites were detected with environmental scanning electron microscopy. A comparison of the thermal and microwave processes was conducted to evaluate the advantage of the microwave process. Microwave-cured composites, fabricated under various pressures at the fixed process temperatures, also were investigated. From these studies, it was concluded that microwave energy successfully was used to fabricate PETI-5/IM7 composites with higher glass-transition temperatures (by 11–16 °C) and higher retention in flexural strength, flexural modulus, and shear strength at 177 °C than those fabricated by the thermal process. Furthermore, the microwave processes required only half the time used for the standard thermal process. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 37: 4616–4628, 1999     

Influence of the Si–O–C interplayer on the flexural behaviors of C/Si–C–N composites

Carbon fiber reinforced Si–C–N matrix composite(C/Si–C–N) with a Si–O–C interlayer (C/Si–O–C/Si–C–N) was fabricated via CVI and PIP process. The flexural behaviors of C/Si–O–C/Si–C–N were investigated using the three-point-bending method and the SEM technique. The results indicated that the flexural strengh of the C/Si–O–C/Si–C–N increases with increasing temperature and the modulus of the composite is essentially unchanged. The strength of C/Si–O–C/Si–C–N is comparable to that of C/PyC/Si–C–N, and the role of Si–O–C interlayer in C/Si–C–N can rival that of the PyC interlayer. The weaker interfacial bonding and the larger thickness of Si–O–C interlayer make a contribution to this at RT while the thinner interlayer and unstable structure of Si–O–C interphase do it above 1300 °C.     

电磁激励器屏幕发声系统的数理模型

目前,全面屏手机已经成为一种趋势。为提升全面屏的用户体验效果,业界开发了屏下指纹识别、伸缩式摄像头等技术,对于音频(主要是语音通话),则开发了基于压电陶瓷和电磁激励器的两种屏幕发声方案,其代表产品分别为小米MIX与VIVO NEX。该文针对电磁激励器屏幕发声技术,分别从平板弯曲振动、平板声辐射、电磁激励器阵列驱动等模型出发,推导电磁激励器驱动屏幕振动发声的原理以及简化的力电类比等效线路图;给出仿真与实测频响曲线以及某型号手机语音通话测试数据;最后简要归纳电磁激励器屏幕发声的设计指南以及进一步的研究方向。     

地下咬合型管幕构件抗弯刚度参数分析

基于咬合型管幕构件的抗弯性能试验,运用ABAQUS建立了咬合型管幕构件的有限元模型,并通过室内试验标定有限元模型.研究了在不同参数组合下咬合型管幕构件的抗弯刚度变化规律,并以此来找到最优的结构参数组合.研究结果表明,钢管直径与咬合程度在提升构件抗弯刚度上具有一定的相互作用影响,当钢管咬合程度与钢管直径比值在0.16~0.28时,构件具有较好的抗弯性能;钢管直径、钢管壁厚及钢筋直径与构件抗弯刚度均呈线性正相关;钢管直径对提升咬合型管幕构件的抗弯刚度具有显著作用,其次是钢筋直径和钢管壁厚.     

管窥闽古厝石雕装饰图案意蕴

艺术是社会意识形态的直接反映,石雕装饰图案是万事万物与人、精神情感与物象的完美结合。古厝石雕装饰图案实现建筑地域风格在技术、艺术、人文等和谐统一。应用雕刻技艺七法在图案不受自然物象结构、透视、比例、虚实等束缚下,将不同时代的思想、习俗、审美趣味延续在石构件上。闽古厝石雕装饰图案受宗教和民间信仰文化影响,蕴藏着丰富的寓意,赋予古厝生命和灵魂。雕刻在石构件上的文化思想在闽民间推崇至今。关注闽地域建筑历史与文化特色,既要注重保持多样性的人文环境特征,也要重视传承地域建筑文化精髓,只有将优秀的装饰图案文化发展并延续下去,才能使传统装饰图案文化富有生命力。     

纳米碳酸钙和聚乙烯醇纤维增强混凝土抗弯拉性能

为探究纳米CaCO_3和PVA(聚乙烯醇)纤维对混凝土的抗弯拉强度和抗弯拉弹性模量的影响,采用三分点加载试验方法测试混凝土的抗弯拉强度和抗弯拉弹性模量。研究结果表明:在纳米CaCO_3混凝土中掺入PVA纤维,可以显著提高混凝土抗弯拉强度,在试验PVA纤维掺量范围内,随着PVA纤维掺量的增加,混凝土的抗弯拉强度和抗弯拉弹性模量均呈现先增大后减小的趋势;当PVA纤维掺量为0.05%时,其抗弯拉强度和抗弯拉弹性模量均达到最大值;在混凝土中掺加适量的纳米CaCO_3(3%),随着纳米CaCO_3掺量的增加,混凝土的抗弯拉强度和抗弯拉弹性模量逐渐增加,当纳米CaCO_3掺量超过3%时,随着纳米CaCO_3掺量的增加,其抗弯拉强度和抗弯拉弹性模量逐渐减小。     

Influence of High Temperatures on PET-Concrete Properties

Lightweight aggregate is an important material in reducing the unit weight of concrete and it is essential in the construction of high-rise buildings; besides, the use of recycled PET bottles as lightweight aggregate in concrete is an effective contribution for environmental preservation. So, the objective of the present work is to study the flexural strength of PET-concrete and PET thermal degradation in the concrete, when the blends with 10 and 20 vol% of PET are exposed to different temperatures (200, 400, 600 °C). The flexural strength of PET-concrete exposed to a heat source is strongly dependent on the temperature, the water/cement ratio, as well as on the content and particle size of PET. Furthermore, the activation energy for PET degradation is affected by temperature, location of PET particles on the slabs and the water/cement ratio. A higher content of water gives rise to hydrolytic degradation on PET and a higher vapor pressure that increases the formation of cracks on the concrete. The values of activation energy are higher on the center of the slabs than on the surface, due to the poor heat conduction of concrete.