非惯性系下柔性悬臂梁的振动主动控制

采用变结构控制方法对非惯性系下柔性悬臂梁的振动主动控制进行研究．重点通过算例揭示一次近似模型与传统的零次近似模型的巨大差异，以及变结构方法在控制非惯性系下柔性悬臂梁的稳态振动的有效性．结果表明，当大范围旋转运动角速度较大时，传统零次近似模型不能对动力系统进行正确的数学描述；变结构控制方法能够使得非惯性系下梁的稳态振动得到完全镇定，且该方法对转动角速度变化具有较好的鲁棒性；采用零次近似模型进行控制设计的控制效果将在某一临界角速度条件下出现失效，该临界角速度值大于静止悬臂梁的基频．     

空间曲线索的平衡方程及单索几何判定

空间曲线索平衡方程可在理想柔索假定的基础上进行推导,也可以由空间曲线梁平衡方程退化得到。本文给出后者的连续化分析过程并进行了初步的讨论,目的在于将空间曲线索的各种力学模型统一起来。采用理想柔索假定后单索只能是平面曲线,自然坐标系和整体直角坐标系下平面曲线索的平衡方程是等价的。同时,针对以往单索连续化分析中几何判定的不足,基于空间曲线的弧长独立参数概念,指出单根理想柔索本质上为静不定和动不定体系。     

The complete process of large elastic-plastic deflection of a cantilever

An extension of the Elastica theory is developed to study the large deflection of an elastic-perfectly plastic horizontal cantilever beam subjected to a vertical concentrated force at its tip. The entire process is divided into four stages: I.elastic in the whole cantilever; II.loading and developing of the plastic region; III.unloading in the plastic region; and IV.reverse loading. Solutions for stages I and II are presented in a closed form. A combination of closed-form solution and numerical integration is presented for stage III. Finally, stage IV is qualitatively studied. Computed results are given and compared with those from small-deflection theory and from the Elastica theory.     

静载荷作用下柔韧圆板的大幅度振动

本文首先给出了均布载荷作用下柔韧圆板的大幅度振动方程，按文中给出的时间模态假设导了该问题的非线性耦合的代数和微分特征方程组，利用修正迭代法求出了该方程组的近似解析解，得到了柔韧圆振动的幅频－载荷特征关系，讨论了静载荷对其振动性态的影响。     

Capacitive Properties of the Binder‐Free Electrode Prepared from Carbon Derived from Cotton and Reduced Graphene Oxide

The binder‐free composite films of reduced graphene oxide (rGO ) and activated carbon derived from cotton (aCFC ) have been fabricated and used as electrodes for electrochemical capacitors (ECs ) to avoid the decrease of capacitive performance in traditional process caused by the additional binder. The optimal aCFC is prepared at 850 °C when the mass ratio of carbon and potassium hydroxide is 1 to 4. The optimal composite film prepared from the mass ratio of aCFC /GO =2/1 exhibits porous structure, and has a specific surface area of 849.6 m²•g⁻¹ and a total pore volume of 0.61 mL •g⁻¹. Based on the two‐electrode system testing in 6.0 mol/L KOH electrolyte, the optimal composite has specific capacitance of about 202 F•g⁻¹, 374 mF •cm⁻² and 116 F•cm⁻³ in terms of mass, area and volume, and shows excellent rate capability and good cyclic stability (91.7% retention of the initial capacitance after 5000 cycles). Furthermore, the assembled solid‐state ECs by using KOH /polyvinyl alcohol as electrolyte show good mechanical stability and capacitive performances after repeated bending cycles. It is proved that this method is effective to fabricate binder‐free electrodes for ECs and will open up a novel route for the reuse of waste cotton.     

银负载量对网状TiO_2柔性薄膜电极储锂性能的影响

采用水热法结合银镜反应制备出一系列不同Ag负载量(2.2%、4.0%、6.4%,w/w)改性的3D纳米网状结构Ag@Ti O2薄膜电极。利用电感耦合等离子体技术(ICP)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)和X射线能谱(EDX)等表征手段测试所合成材料的形貌及成分,实验结果表明Ag纳米颗粒可以成功沉积在Ti O2纳米线表面。电化学测试数据则表明,4.0%(w/w)负载量的Ag@Ti O2相比于未改性和其他负载量的Ti O2纳米线具有更好的倍率性能和更稳定的可逆容量。在50,100,200,400,800和1 200 m A·g~(-1)的电流密度条件下,该改性电极的放电容量可分别达到261.4,253.7,239.5,216.5,193.1和185.1 m Ah·g~(-1),在200 m A·g~(-1)下循环80次后容量保持率仍能达到99.8%。     

非线性半定规划的逐次线性化柔性惩罚法

针对非线性不等式约束半定规划问题提出一种新的逐次线性化方法, 新算法既不要求罚函数单调下降, 也不使用过滤技巧, 尝试步的接受准则仅仅依赖于目标函数和约束违反度, 罚函数中对应于成功迭代点的罚因子不需要单调增加. 新算法或者要求违反约束度量有足够改善, 或者在约束违反度的一个合理范围内要求目标函数值充分下降, 在通常假设条件下, 分析了新算法的适定性及全局收敛性. 最后, 给出了非线性半定规划问题的数值试验结果, 结果表明了新算法的有效性.     

刚柔耦合建模理论的实验验证

传统的混合坐标建模理论是零次近似方法，对刚柔耦合问题的描述存在缺陷，研究以一个由中心刚体，柔性梁及末端质量组成的刚柔耦合系统对象，建立了精确的一次近似的刚柔耦合动力学方程，在该模型中计及了结构阻尼及风阻的影响，利用单轴气浮台动力学实验平台，通过与实验数据的比较，说明了传统零次近似方法在某些条件下已不能下确描述柔性的刚性正确性和可靠性。     

柔性板的非线性降阶模型

柔性板是一种典型的空间结构，在外扰下易引起振动，它具有大挠度、非线性、低频模态密集等特点，目前在对柔性板的研究中都忽略了非线性的影响，获得的模型往往具有较大的误差，本文利用K—L展开式对柔性板进行模型降阶，然后采用系统辨识方法来获得低阶模型，并计算出柔性板的模态参数，实验结果表明这是一种有效的方法。     

Wavelet-Based Analysis of Parametric Vibrations of Flexible Plates

Wavelet-based methods are reviewed, and their advantages in comparison to standard approaches are outlined. Then, a wavelet analysis is performed to investigate parametric vibrations of flexible plates under a sinusoidal load. In particular, a scenario leading from regular motion to chaos is analyzed