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31.
线性规划联合算法的理论与应用 总被引:6,自引:4,他引:2
本在[1]的基础上.较系统的叙述了线性规划联合算法的步骤、相关理论及其应用,指出该算法具有避免人工变量、减少迭代次数、使用灵活、应用方便等特点。 相似文献
32.
Sébastien Lemaire Giuliano Giambastiani Barbara Pacini Giovanni Poli 《Journal of organometallic chemistry》2003,687(2):291-300
A new type I palladium-catalyzed pseudo-domino process is developed, in which a single Pd-based catalytic system promotes two mechanistically unrelated, sequential catalytic cycles in chronologically distinct order. Suitable precursors undergo an allylic alkylation and a Heck coupling in sequence, affording polycondensed pyrrolidone derivatives. Depending on the starting precursors, intra/inter or doubly intramolecular processes can be obtained. The allylic alkylation process takes place always very smoothly. On the other hand, the Heck coupling turns out to be rather difficult either when the process is intermolecular, or when an intramolecular process generates polycondensed structures featuring three fused bonds connected to a common carbon atom. In such difficult cases, use of the Herrmann-Beller phosphapalladacycle allowed to catalyze the coupling. This study demonstrates also that allylic alkylations can be catalyzed by the Herrmann-Beller phosphapalladacycle. 相似文献
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Experiments concerning the properties of soap films have recently been carried out and these systems have been proposed as experimental versions of theoretical two‐dimensional liquids. A silk filament introduced into a flowing soap film, was seen to demonstrate various stable modes, and these were, namely, a mode in which the filament oscillates and one in which the filament is stationary and aligns with the flow of the liquid. The system could be forced from the oscillatory mode into the non‐ oscillatory mode by varying the length of the filament. In this article we use numerical and computational techniques in order to simulate the strongly coupled behaviour of the filament and the fluid. Preliminary results are presented for the specific case in which the filament is seen to oscillate continuously for the duration of our simulation. We also find that the filament oscillations are strongly suppressed when we reduce the effective length of the filament. We believe that these results are reminiscent of the different oscillatory and non‐oscillatory modes observed in experiment. The numerical solutions show that, in contrast to experiment, vortices are created at the leading edge of the filament and are preferentially grown in the curvature of the filament and are eventually released from the trailing edge of the filament. In a similar manner to oscillating hydrofoils, it seems that the oscillating filaments are in a minimal energy state, extracting sufficient energy from the fluid to oscillate. In comparing numerical and experimental results it is possible that the soap film does have an effect on the fluid flow especially in the boundary layer where surface tension forces are large. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
35.
Phase modulation in dipolar-coupled A2 spin systems: effect of maximum state mixing in H NMR in vivo
Leif Schrder Christian Schmitz Peter Bachert 《Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)》2004,171(2):69
Coupling constants of nuclear spin systems can be determined from phase modulation of multiplet resonances. Strongly coupled systems such as citrate in prostatic tissue exhibit a more complex modulation than AX connectivities, because of substantial mixing of quantum states. An extreme limit is the coupling of n isochronous spins (An system). It is observable only for directly connected spins like the methylene protons of creatine and phosphocreatine which experience residual dipolar coupling in intact muscle tissue in vivo. We will demonstrate that phase modulation of this “pseudo-strong” system is quite simple compared to those of AB systems. Theory predicts that the spin-echo experiment yields conditions as in the case of weak interactions, in particular, the phase modulation depends linearly on the line splitting and the echo time. 相似文献
36.
PinHuaLI LeiWANG MinWANG JinCanYAN 《中国化学快报》2004,15(11):1295-1298
A Glaser coupling reaction of terminal alkynes in the presence of nickel chloride withoutany organics and bases in hot water has been developed, which produces the correspondinghomo-coupling products in good yields. 相似文献
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首先叙述了光纤传输Nd~(3+): YAG激光的优点,接着分析了不同光纤和其传输Nd~(3+): YAG激光的特点。然后通过对光纤传输系统各部分的分析与设计,结合实际,设计了光纤耦合机构。最后,对来自于工件反射光问题提出了解决方案。 相似文献
39.
介绍新型防水材料SBS改性沥青柔性油毡的性能、施工工艺、操作方法及保证质量的措施,并提出存在的问题及施工中注意事项。 相似文献
40.
该文在已有刀具管理系统管理方法的研究基础上,针对FMS刀具在线管理系统的结构特点,建立了FMS在线刀具管理的体系结构,并提出了适用于FMS、CIMS的刀具存取策略算法,包括进出站管理、机床局部刀库管理、中央刀库管理等几部分,最后对其进行了软件开发。 相似文献