不同气体介质中脂松香的热氧化行为

在２５０℃和不同气体介质中对脂松香进行了加速氧化处理。用Ｃ＾＊ａ＾＊ｂ＾＊色度系列测定了松香色度随时间的变化，并用Ｘ－射线光电子能谱仪分析了氧化松香中含碳基团的种类和数量。通过解析色度变化与各种基团的关系，发现松香中双键与氧形成环氧基再水解成羟基是松香氧化的主要途径之一；羰基的形成是松香变红的主要原因。氨气或冷凝回流的松香挥发分的气化能有效地抑制氧化反应。     

新型保护胶BJ和去胶剂QJ的研制

为了替代引进生产线配套使用的保护胶和去胶剂，参照国内现有的工艺条件，研制了新型保护胶ＢＪ和去胶剂ＱＪ     

Direct Electron Transfer of Horseradish Peroxidase in Gellan Gum–Hydrophilic Ionic Liquid Gel Film

A new composite film of microbial exocellular polysaccharide‐gellan gum (GG) and hydrophilic room temperature ionic liquid 1‐butyl‐3‐methyl‐imidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIMBF₄) was firstly used as an immobilization matrix to entrap horseradish peroxidase (HRP), and its properties were studied by UV/vis spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results showed that BMIMBF₄ could promote the electron transfer between HRP and electrode surface, and the existence of GG could successfully immobilize BMIMBF₄ on the electrode surface with improved stability. HRP–BMIMBF₄–GG/GCE exhibited a pair of well‐defined and quasireversible cyclic voltammetric peaks in 0.1 M pH 7.0 phosphate buffer solutions at 1.8 V/s, which was the characteristic of HRP Fe(III)/Fe(II) redox couples. The formal potentials (E°′) was ?0.368 V (vs. SCE) and the peak‐to‐peak potential separation (ΔE_P) was 0.058 V. The peak currents were five times as large as those of HRP–GG/GCE. The average surface coverage (Γ*) and the apparent Michaelis‐Menten constant (K_m) were 4.5×10^?9 mol/cm² and 0.67 μM, respectively. The electron transfer rate constant was estimated to be 15.8 s^?1. The proposed electrode showed excellent electrocatalytic activity towards hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). The linear dynamic range for the detection of H₂O₂ was 0.05–0.5 μM with a correlation coefficient of 0.9945 and the detection limit was estimated at about 0.02 μM (S/N=3). BMIMBF₄–GG composite film was promising to immobilize other redox enzymes or proteins and attain their direct electrochemistry.     

紫外分光光度法测定200～260℃加氢精制无味煤油中芳烃含量

用一待测200～260℃加氢精制无味煤油试样,利用硅胶吸附、甲醇顶替脱附的办法制取其中的混合芳烃.以异辛烷作为稀释溶剂,求出该混合芳烃在272 nm处的平均吸光系数,然后利用此吸光系数测定与其属同一批原料所生产的其它无味煤油中芳烃含量.在波长272 nm处,本方法的检测下线可达0.57 ug/g,灵敏度指数0.45μg.cm-2,回收率为94%～101%.     

模型血泵相似性设计及验证

以日本磁悬浮离心式血泵为原型,设计制作了放大2倍的模型泵,用不同流体对泵的相似性进行实验验证发现,模型泵和原型泵具有很好的相似性;采用黄原胶溶液模拟血液流体比水的相似性更好,质量分数为0.06%和0.04%的溶液比其他浓度溶液更接近血液流体.在溶液浓度较低时,溶液的非牛顿特性对离心泵的相似设计影响较小,模型泵实测相似临界雷诺数和转速分别与相似设计的临界雷诺数和转速一致;在溶液浓度较高时,溶液的非牛顿特性对离心泵的相似设计影响较大,模型泵实测相似临界雷诺数和转速远小于相似设计的临界雷诺数和转速.     

Hydrophobic guar gum derivatives prepared by controlled grafting processes–Part II: rheological and degradation properties toward fracturing fluids applications

Introduction of polyalkoxyalkyleneamide grafts to guar gum produces new water soluble guar derivatives as described in an earlier publication. 10 In this paper, the rhelogical behavior of these products was explored in more detail at 25 and 65°C. In addition, the viscosity was measured at high temperatures (90 and 120°C) and pressure (150 psi) to partially simulate the down hole conditions of oil wells. Upon treatment with zirconium lactate, the cross‐linked hydrophobically‐modified CMG derivatives exhibited better high‐temperature stability and higher gel viscosities than the corresponding CMHPG derivatives. The cross‐linked gel viscosities indicate that gels will be capable of supporting a high proppant carrying capacity. To facilitate removal of the gels from the formation, the hydrophobically modified derivatives were treated with an enzyme breaker system which produced fragments capable of producing stable emulsions when extracted with toluene. Thus, the clean up process will be enhanced by emulsification of the gel fragments produced by the gel hydrolysis. The low viscosities of the linear derivatives, the rapid formation of high viscosity gels upon cross‐linking and generation of emulsifiers during the gel removal suggest that these new derivatives are good candidates for fracturing fluid applications. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Synergistic interaction and gelation in cationic guar gum-sodium alginate system

The synergistic interaction between the cationic guar gum (the ammonium hydroxy-propyl-trimethyl chloride of guar gum) and sodium algirmte has been studied. The effects of the mass ratio of them, mixed temperature, balk salt ion concentration, incubation time and pH value on gelation were investigated. It has been observed that there was a gel strength maximum when the mass ratio was 0. 6, the mixed temperature was 70 ~C, the balk salt ion concentration was 1.0 mol ~ L-1 , the incubation time was 30 rain and the pH value was 8. Interaction between molecules of these two polysaccharides was investigated by FT-IR spectrometry.     

无粘土冲洗液的降泵压性能研究

本文讨论了田菁减阻液的试验研究结果,即雷诺数、浓度、管径、机械降解及阳离子等因素对田菁减阻性能的影响。还探讨了紊流减阻的机理及介绍了田菁减阻液在岩心钻探中的初步应用效果.     

一些聚合物地中相微乳液物性的影响

研究了水解聚安、黄原胶和木质素磺酸盐对中相微乳液相体积、粘度和界面张力的影响，实验结果表明：含有聚丙烯酰胺时，中相微乳液的相态、增溶参数、中相与下相间界面张力及中相粘度均无明显变化。生物聚合物对中相微乳液的物理影响也不大，木质素磺酸盐册对微乳液的形成产生明显影响；随着木质素磺酸盐浓度的增大，微乳液由中相转变为相，相应的物理参数亦有变化 。     

Recent advancement and development of chitin and chitosan-based nanocomposite for drug delivery: Critical approach to clinical research

This review depicts the exposure of chitin and chitosan base multifunctional nanomaterial composites for promising applications in field of biomedical science structure, synthesis as well as potential application from a colossal angle. We elaborated critically each of the chitin and chitosan base nanomaterial with its potential application toward biomedical science. For different biomedical applications it use in form of hydrogels, microsphere, nanoparticles, aerogels, microsphere and in form of scaffold. Due to this it had been blended with different polymer such as starch, cellulose, alginate, lipid, hyaluronic acid, polyvinyl alcohol and caboxymethyl cellulose. In this review article, a comprehensive overview of combination of chitin and chitosan base nanomaterial with natural as well as synthetic polymers and their biomedical applications in biomedical field involving drug delivery system all the technical scientific issues have been addressed; highlighting the recent advancements.