Bioinspired synthesis of morphologically controlled SrCO3 superstructures by natural gum acacia

Crystallization of strontium carbonate is performed in aqueous solution using Gum Acacia (GA) as crystal growth modifier. A novel study of hierarchical assembly, specifically interacting inorganic and natural component without introduction of other additives was studied. SrCO₃structures exhibiting the morphologies of well defined nanocrystallites in the form of clusters of hexagonal rods, flower shaped, cross like, doughnut shaped and rice grain shaped are identified by optimizing the conditions and concentration of GA. In continuation, morphology was also examined for mixed metal carbonates (Sr‐LaCO₃, Sr‐TbCO₃). The results indicate that –OH, –COOH and ‐NH₂ functional group moieties of GA play a remarkable role in inhibiting growth morphology of metal carbonates and mixed metal carbonates. Structural characterization of the synthesized materials was investigated by Powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive analysis (EDAX), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) coupled Mass (MS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR). This synthesis method can be easily extended to a variety of inorganic nanoparticles, thereby enabling exact control over material properties. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

最大叶片式桨在黄原胶假塑性流体中的传热性能研究

研究了非牛顿假塑性黄原胶溶液中最大叶片式搅拌桨的传热性能.考察了此桨在黄原胶溶液混合过程中的功耗、气含率、氧传质系数KLa等的变化规律以及通气和不同搅拌转速对搅拌釜内传热过程的影响,测得了不同操作条件下的温度场及传热系数,建立了Nu和Re,Pr之间的关联式.结果表明,最大叶片式搅拌桨的传热系数可以达到250W/(m2.K),能够强化高粘假塑性流体的传热过程.     

羟丙基瓜尔胶在离子液体中的制备

本文以离子液体1-烯丙基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐(AmimCl)为反应介质,以氢氧化钠为催化剂合成了羟丙基瓜尔胶(HPG),并通过1H NMR确定了产品的摩尔取代度。探讨了水的用量、环氧丙烷的用量、反应温度和反应时间对摩尔取代度的影响。在水与瓜尔胶的质量比为1.7、氢氧化钠与瓜尔胶的质量比为5%、环氧丙烷与瓜尔胶的质量比为3.5、反应温度为60℃和反应时间为12h的条件下,摩尔取代度(MS)可以达到0.76。同时发现在不加催化剂NaOH的情况下,瓜尔胶在AmimCl中的羟丙基化反应同样可以发生,只是得到的HPG的MS相对较小。     

低伤害小分子瓜尔胶压裂液性能研究

华北油田致密储层属于低孔低渗储层,需要压裂改造才能投产,但储层厚度小,孔吼半径小,在压裂过程中应特别关注入井流体对储层的伤害问题。提出采用分子量为常规瓜尔胶一半的小分子瓜尔胶作为压裂液的稠化剂的方法,以降低压裂液高分子稠化剂对储层孔吼的堵塞的伤害,提高改造效果。优选了与小分子瓜尔胶匹配的分散剂、助排剂、黏土稳定剂,形成了适应华北油田致密储层的低伤害小分子瓜尔胶压裂液体系。该压裂液体系可以在5 min内完全溶胀;该压裂液体系在130℃温度下剪切2 h后,黏度保持在80 m Pa·s以上,满足携砂的要求;压裂液体系在90℃可在90 min内完全破胶,破胶液粒径小于10μm;对华北油田致密岩心伤害率小于16%,残渣含量小于10%,对支撑剂导流带的伤害小于15%。可满足华北油田致密储层的压裂要求。     

Mechanical Reinforcement of Continuous Flow Spun Polyelectrolyte Complex Fibers

A simple continuous flow wet‐spinning method to achieve mechanical reinforcement of the two oppositely charged biopolymers chitosan and gellan gum is described. The mechanical properties of these biopolymers are influenced by the order of addition. Using a facile method for mechanical reinforcement of gellan gum/chitosan fibers resulted in increases in Young's modulus, tensile strength, and toughness. Spinning gellan gum into chitosan resulted in the strongest fibers. We show that our fibers can provide a mechanical alternative for bio‐fibers without the need of cross‐linking. It is demonstrated that the fibers become ionically conducting in the presence of water vapor.

     

Na_2S_2O_8-Fe~(2+)对田菁胶的氧化降解行为研究

考察了Na2S2O8-Fe2+对田菁胶的氧化降解行为,系统研究了Na2S2O8和Fe2+用量、温度、降解时间和pH值对田菁胶粘度的影响。结果表明,Na2S2O8和Fe2+合适的体积比为3?1。在较低的温度(40℃)和较短的时间(20 min)内Na2S2O8-Fe2+就能使田菁胶粘度下降90%以上。另外,Na2S2O8-Fe2+氧化还原体系在酸性和中性条件下对田菁胶的降解都有良好的降解性能,考虑到在实际生产中的应用,我们认为中性条件下最合适。     

浸提法提取胶母糖中铅的测定方法

通过采用硝酸过氧化氢过夜浸提改进胶母糖样品中测定铅的前处理方法,基体干扰少,三水平加标回收率在95.2%～110.3%,8次重复测定的变异系数为1.8%,与国家标准方法比较,采用t检验法分析,结果无显著性差异.     

Synthesis of Novel Nanocomposites of Silica and Guar Gum:Efficient Zinc Ion Binder

1 Results Adsorption using commercial activated carbon (CAC)[1] can remove heavy metals from wastewater[2-4].However,CAC remains an expensive material for heavy metal removal.Ion exchange techniques are also used but it generates volumetric sludge and increases the cost[5].Using naturally occurring seed polysaccharides can solve these problems but their solubility in water limits its application as an adsorbent.Guar gum is a commercially available,industrially important[6-7] polysaccharide material havi...     

Graft Copolymerization of Poly(ethyl Acrylate) onto Wool in the Presence of Ceric Ammonium Nitrate as Redox Initiator

Poly(ethyl acrylate) has been grafted onto Himachali wool in an aqueous medium by using ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) as redox initiator. Copolymerization was studied at five different temperatures: 40, 45, 50, 55, and 60°C. Maximum grafting occurred at 45°C. Nitric acid was found to catalyze the graft copolymerization reactions. Percentage and efficiency of grafting were found to be dependent upon concentrations of CAN (initiator) and of monomer. Percentage of grafting has been determined as function of time, and from the slope of percent grafting versus time plot, the initial rate of graft copolymerization (R) has been determined.