绿色环保型氢氧化镁阻燃剂

介绍了阻燃剂的种类和发展趋势,并重点介绍了氢氧化镁阻燃剂的阻燃机理、特点、应用和发展。指出氢氧化镁阻燃剂是一种新型的、对环境友好的无机阻燃剂。     

阻燃剂及材料的阻燃处理

阻燃剂是能够保护材料不着火或使火焰难以蔓延的化学物质。介绍了常见阻燃剂的种类、阻燃机理、材料的阻燃处理及新型阻燃剂的发展,以增强人们对阻燃技术领域的认识和了解。     

固定化细胞法脱除二氧化硫

运用正交实验确定了海藻酸钠包埋法制备固定化细胞的最优操作条件,并研究了固定床生化反应器中固定化细胞对低浓度SO2废气的去除能力.结果表明,制备固定化细胞的最优条件是:细胞量为0.3 g、海藻酸钠质量浓度为3%、氯化钙质量浓度为4%、固定时间为14 h.在无喷淋液体、气体停留时间为5 s、SO2入口浓度低于7 mg/L时,固定化细胞对SO2的净化效率达90%、最大生化去除量为240 mg/(L.h).固定化细胞的降解能力可以通过向反应器中鼓入空气并喷淋液体的方式在2 h内得到恢复.上述结果说明利用固定化细胞去除SO2废气是可行的.     

新型高聚合度聚磷酸铵阻燃材料的合成

对高聚合度聚磷酸铵的聚合条件进行了优化实验,制备了平均聚合度为600的聚磷酸铵．研究了磷酸铵、组分配比、反应温度、反应气氛、反应时间和处理温度、处理时间、处理气氛对平均聚合度的影响．结果表明高聚合度APP的生产工艺条件为：1：1：0．3（摩尔比）的（NH4）2HPO4,P2O5和尿素混合均匀后,于干燥氨气氛下280-300℃充分搅拌进行聚合反应,聚合反应时间为20min以上,聚合反应完全后于同样气氛下,250-280℃热处理100～120min,即得粉末状的APP聚合物,通过端基滴定法测定聚合度,其平均聚合度大于600．     

A systematic approach to the study of multicomponent polymerization kinetics: The butyl acrylate/methyl methacrylate/vinyl acetate example. IV. Optimal Bayesian design of emulsion terpolymerization experiments in a pilot plant reactor

A systematic study of the terpolymerization of butyl acrylate/methyl methacrylate/vinyl acetate (BA/MMA/VAc) is being conducted. In this stage of the study, emulsion terpolymerizations were performed in a 5 L stainless steel pilot plant reactor. The experimental trials were of the two-level factorial type and were designed optimally using a Bayesian method. The design procedure allowed us to improve our knowledge about the process using our prior knowledge and our subjective judgement. The polymers produced were characterized for conversion, composition, molecular weight, and particle size. The Bayesian design of experiments is shown to have several advantages over conventional factorial designs. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

石油企业污水处理设备防腐技术研究试验

对大庆石化公司水气厂污水车间的动、静设备腐蚀情况进行了调查、分析,对比原有防腐方法和新技措防腐方法的效果,对石油企业污水设备防腐技术进行了研究试验.     

应用正交试验法估计未知参数

很多生产、计划、管理或科研课题需要借助函数关系的计算,寻求优良的参数组合。文中利用正交表[1]的均衡分散性和整齐可比性以及计算机的快速运算能力,给出了多变量系统未知参数自动选优的一种算法。本算法只需要若干组实测数据,对系统本身不作具体要求。将此算法应用在某一元非线性函数上(用Fortran语言编程并在微机上运行通过)。计算结果表明,该算法不仅有效,而且能在较短时间内达到额定要求,该算法具有教强的可操作性。从应用角度来看,该算法在多变量的情形下更能发挥其作用,可为有关工程技术人员提供理论参考。     

两种耐火砖模具的强度研究

对外形和受力都比较复杂的两种耐火砖模具的强度进行研究．除理论分析外,主要通过动态应变电测和光弹性实验,确定模具外侧的应力分布,测定应力集中系数．在此基础上,又采用了三维有限元计算,与电测进行对比．该文的研究方法为评价耐火砖模具的强度和改进设计,提供了依据     

Surface treated cellulose fibres in flame retarded PP composites

Polypropylene-based composites were prepared containing non-treated and various treated cotton fibre and wood flakes. A correlation was observed among the fibre treatment and compounding parameters, mechanical and discoloration properties. The structural changes in fibres were demonstrated by Raman spectroscopic and DSC measurements. The possibility for forming cellulose fibre containing flame retardant composites was also investigated. The efficiency of various treatments on compounding, discoloration and mechanical properties enhance in the following order: no treatment < non ionic surfactant < reactive silicone segment containing non ionic surfactant < special silylation treatment. The best results obtained with the special silylation treatment were explained with the more organophilic character and by the thermal stability of the treated fibres. Cellulose fibre as a polyol-charring component and ammonium-polyphosphate together constitute a high performance intumescent flame retardant system in the PP matrix.     

固体灭火剂在中心抛撒炸药作用下的试验研究

对灭火剂在中心抛撒炸药的作用下的抛撒效果进行试验,对不同的比药量进行对比试验,确定合适的范围.同时对灭火剂的质量与抛撒效果的关系进行试验,试验结果证明增加灭火剂质量不能显著增加云雾体积,但是云雾持续时间与灭火剂质量近似成正比例关系.另外,风向、弹体形状等因素对云雾形状也有一定的影响.