气密性碳涂覆光纤筛选强度与电阻关系研究

通过实验分析确立了把光纤电阻作为衡量气密性碳涂覆光纤通过２％应变筛选的过渡标准。要拉制２％应变筛选的碳涂覆光纤，其电阻值应小于３０ｋΩ／ｃｍ。     

线圈型全光纤偏振器的研究

本文采用等效电流法对线圈型全光纤偏振器进行了分析计算.对应于保偏光纤中两正交传输基模的消光比,提出了一种分析保偏光纤弯曲损耗的新方法,这种方法基于将保偏光纤两个不同偏振模式分别等效为两个普通圆光纤的基模,等效参数通过测量不同偏振模式的模场半径来确定.实验证明这种理论计算方法与实验结果一致.最终,我们研制出的线圈型光纤偏振器在1.31μm工作波长下,实测消光比达30dB以上,工作偏振模式插入损耗≤3dB.     

纤维的形变和断裂——Ⅰ.拉伸角蛋白纤维形变和断裂的动态研究

作者在扫描电子显微镜样品室中拉伸角蛋白纤维,观察纤维形变和断裂的过程并摄取其照片。采用低加速电压观察和适当的样品准备技术,避免了纤维在拉伸过程中出现荷电现象。该现象是非导电材料作动态观察的主要困难。从所观察到的纤维形变和断裂形态和高聚物断裂理论讨论了角蛋白纤维的形变和断裂机理。结论如下:角蛋白纤维伸长和断裂过程中出现银纹样形态,但其断裂为脆性方式;该类纤维的拉伸断裂起始于角质细胞的内、外角质层;角质与角质和角质与皮质细胞间的物质是角蛋白纤维的力学薄弱区。     

毛细管电泳安培检测扑热息痛及其水解物

研究了各种电化学预处理条件下碳纤维电极对扑热息痛及水解物的电化学行为。确定该体系最佳预处理条件为０．２Ｖ电位下阳极化１ｍｉｎ，再于－２．０Ｖ下阴极化１０ｓ。预处理后的碳纤维伏安响应得到明显提高。运用最佳条件并在支持电解中加入添加剂后，扑热息痛及其水解物在毛细管电泳上获得很好的分离和检测。其中扑热息痛的检测下限为２．７８ｐｇ；对氨基酚为１．８４ｐｇ。     

Synthesis of polypiperazine-amide thin-film membrane on PPESK hollow fiber UF membrane

A new interfacial polymerization (IP) procedure is developed in order to synthesize polypiperazine-amide thin-film membrane on the inner surface of poly(phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone) (PPESK) hollow fiber ultrafiltration (UF) membrane.A hollow fiber composite membrane with good performance was prepared and studied by FT-IR and scanning electron microscopy.     

ORGANIC CHELATING REAGENT ON REDOX ADSORPTION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FIBER TOWARDS Au^3+

Organic chelating reagent influences upon the redox adsorption of activated carbon fibertowards Au3- were systematically investigated. The experimental results indicated that the presenceof organic chelating reagent on activated carbon fiber strongly affects adsorption capacity ofactivated carbon fiber towards Au3+. The reduction-adsorption amount of Au3+ increased three timesby the presence of 8-quinolinol. Furthermore, The reduction-adsorption amount of Au3+ depended onthe pH value of adsorption and temperature.     

PBO纤维的合成及其微观结构

聚对苯撑苯并双唑 (PBO)纤维是一种高强度、高模量、高热稳定性、高耐化学腐蚀性的新型纤维。着重介绍了PBO纤维的合成工艺、纺丝工艺 ;并对PBO的微观结构形态和表征方法进行了综合评述。     

Synthesis of Polyacrylaminothiourea Chelating Fiber and Properties of Concentration and Separation of Trace Noble Metal Ions from Samples

A novel polyacrylaminothiourea chelating fiber was synthesized simply and rapidly from nitrilon (an acrylonitrile-based synthetic fiber), which was applied to preconcentrate and separate of trace amount of Au(Ⅲ）,Pt(Ⅳ）,Pd(Ⅳ） and Ir (Ⅳ） ions from solution of samples.The analyzed ions can be quantitatively concentrated by the fiber up to a flow rate of 20.0mL/min at pH2, and can also be desorbed with 15 mL of 4mol/L HCl 3% thiourea from the fiber column with recoveries of 96.5%-100%.The chelating fiber can be reused for ten times,the recoveries of these ions are still over 92%,and hundred to thousand times of excess of Fe(Ⅲ）,Al（Ⅲ）,Ca(Ⅱ），Mg（Ⅱ）,Ni(Ⅱ）,Mn（Ⅱ),Cu(Ⅱ），Zn(Ⅱ），and Cd(Ⅱ） cause no interference on the determination of the analyzed ions by inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES).The static saturation adsorption capacities of the fiber for the analytes are in the range of 1.15-2.80mmol/g.The relative standard deviations for the determination of 20.0ng/mL each of Au(Ⅲ）,Pt(Ⅳ）,Pd(Ⅳ）and Ir(Ⅳ） are in the range of 0.7%-3.0%.The recoveries for test from standard additions to real solution samples are between 96% and 100%.The concentration of each ion in powder sample detected by the method is in good agreement with the certified value.     

共聚酯型热熔粘结纤维结晶结构及其熔融行为

采用DSC与WAXD相结合的方法研究了两个系列的无规嵌段共聚酯型热熔粘结纤维的结晶结构并探讨了系列样品的熔融行为.实验表明,以最低熔融温度为界,可将样品分为两组,每组只含一种可结晶单元的结晶.其结构与物理机械性质随该可结晶单元的加入量而有规律的变化.纤维的粘结性能则取决于非晶区结构,非晶区分子链柔性增加,会明显改善粘结效果.     

液芯光纤光度法在乙醇水溶液中测定铂(Ⅱ)、钛(Ⅳ)

采用氟塑料长光纤管，以４２％乙醇水溶液作液芯，组成液芯光纤，基于铂与氯化亚锡、钛与过氧化氢形成黄色络合物在乙醇水溶液中很稳定，拟定了测定铂、钛的液芯光纤光度法。该法灵敏度高，用 １ｍ长光纤作吸收池，铂的灵敏度为 ４． ８４５ Ａ／ｍｇ· Ｌ－１，钛的灵敏度为１．４１Ａ／ｍｇ· Ｌ－１（Ａ为吸光度），与常规法（１ｃｍ）比色皿相比灵敏度提高了 １００倍。该法测定了催化剂中铂，煤灰粉中钛，结果与推荐值相符。