A projection method of estimation for a subfamily of exponential families

Summary This paper is concerned with estimation for a subfamily of exponential-type, which is a parametric model with sufficient statistics. The family is associated with a surface in the domain of a sufficient statistic. A new estimator, termed a projection estimator, is introduced. The key idea of its derivation is to look for a one-to-one transformation of the sufficient statistic so that the subfamily can be associated with a flat subset in the transformed domain. The estimator is defined by the orthogonal projection of the transformed statistic onto the flat surface. Here the orthogonality is introduced by the inverse of the estimated variance matrix of the statistic on the analogy of Mahalanobis's notion (1936,Proc. Nat. Inst. Sci. Ind.,2, 49–55). Thus the projection estimator has an explicit representation with no iterations. On the other hand, the MLE and classical estimators have to be sought as numerical solutions by some algorithm with a choice of an initial value and a stopping rule. It is shown that the projection estimator is first-order efficient. The second-order property is also discussed. Some examples are presented to show the utility of the estimator.     

On fractional integro-differential inclusions with state-dependent delay in Banach spaces

In this article we investigate the existence of solutions on a compact interval for the fractional integro-differential inclusions with state-dependent delay in Banach spaces when the delay is infinite. We consider the cases when the multivalued nonlinear term takes convex values as well as nonconvex values.     

Large antipodal families

A family {A _i | i ∈ I} of sets in ℝ ^d is antipodal if for any distinct i, j ∈ I and any p ∈ A _i , q ∈ A _j , there is a linear functional ϕ:ℝ ^d → ℝ such that ϕ(p) ≠ ϕ(q) and ϕ(p) ≤ ϕ(r) ≤ ϕ(q) for all r ∈ ∪ _i∈I A _i . We study the existence of antipodal families of large finite or infinite sets in ℝ³. The research was supported by the Hungarian-South African Intergovernmental Scientific and Technological Cooperation Programme, NKTH Grant no. ZA-21/2006 and South African National Research Foundation Grant no. UID 61853, as well as Hungarian National Foundation for Scientific Research Grants no. NK 67867, no. T47102, and no. K72537.     

Structure elucidation and NMR assignment of two new eudesmane derivatives from Merremia yunnanensis

Two new eudesmane derivatives, 1α,6β,9β-trihydroxy-eudesm-3-ene-1-O-β-d -glucopyranoside ( 1 ) and 1α,6β,9β-trihydroxy-eudesm-3-ene-1-(6-cinnamoyl)-O-β-d -glucopyranoside ( 2 ) were discovered from Merremia yunnanensis. The structures were elucidated by analysis of their spectroscopic data including HR-ESI-MS, 1D, and 2D NMR. It should be noted that this is the first report about structure elucidation and NMR assignment of compounds from M. yunnanensis.     

刻度指数族参数的渐近最优的经验Bayes估计

对刻度指数族在加权平方损失下获得了刻度参数的Bayes估计，并构造了相应的经验Bayes估计，证明了该估计是渐近最优的。     

绍兴纺织企业集群竞争力的比较研究

企业集群已经成为推动区域经济发展的新力量.在选择了衡量纺织企业集群竞争力的指标体系的基础上,对绍兴纺织企业集群的竞争力分别作了国内和国际比较,发现绍兴纺织企业集群处于竞争力初步显现阶段.尽管在国内来看,其竞争力较强,但与国际发达的纺织企业集群相比,其竞争力有待进一步提高.在实证分析的基础上,提出了提高绍兴纺织企业集群竞争力的可行性对策.     

Structural and immunogenicity analysis of reconstructed ancestral and consensus P48/45 for cross-species anti malaria transmission-blocking vaccine

The development of the anti-malaria vaccine holds a promising future in malaria control. One of the anti-malaria vaccine strategies known as the transmission-blocking vaccine (TBV) is to inhibit the parasite transmission between humans and mosquitoes by targeting the parasite gametocyte. Previously, we found that P48/45 included in the 6-Cysteine protein family shared by Plasmodium sp. We also detected vaccine properties possessed by all human-infecting Plasmodium and could be used as a cross-species anti-malaria vaccine. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of P48/45 through the ancestral and consensus reconstruction approach. P48/45 phylogenetic and time tree analysis was done by RAXML and BEAST2. GRASP server and Ugene software were used to reconstruct ancestral and consensus sequences, respectively. The protein structural prediction was made by using a psipred and Rosetta program. Each protein characteristic of P48/45 was analyzed by assessing hydrophobicity and Post-Translational Modification sites. Meanwhile, the Epitope sequence for B-cell, T-cell, and HLA was determined using an immunoinformatics approach. Lastly, molecular docking simulation was done to determine native binding interactions of P48/45-P230. The result showed a distinct protein characteristic of ancestral and consensus sequences. The immunogenicity analysis revealed the number of epitopes in the ancestral sequence is greater than the consensus sequence. The study also found a conserved epitope located in the binding site and consists of specific Post-Translational Modification sites. Hence, our research provides detailed insight into ancestral and consensus P48/45 efficacy for the cross-species anti-malaria vaccine.     

Protein family classification and functional annotation

With the accelerated accumulation of genomic sequence data, there is a pressing need to develop computational methods and advanced bioinformatics infrastructure for reliable and large-scale protein annotation and biological knowledge discovery. The Protein Information Resource (PIR) provides an integrated public resource of protein informatics to support genomic and proteomic research. PIR produces the Protein Sequence Database of functionally annotated protein sequences. The annotation problems are addressed by a classification-driven and rule-based method with evidence attribution, coupled with an integrated knowledge base system being developed. The approach allows sensitive identification, consistent and rich annotation, and systematic detection of annotation errors, as well as distinction of experimentally verified and computationally predicted features. The knowledge base consists of two new databases, sequence analysis tools, and graphical interfaces. PIR-NREF, a non-redundant reference database, provides a timely and comprehensive collection of all protein sequences, totaling more than 1,000,000 entries. iProClass, an integrated database of protein family, function, and structure information, provides extensive value-added features for about 830,000 proteins with rich links to over 50 molecular databases. This paper describes our approach to protein functional annotation with case studies and examines common identification errors. It also illustrates that data integration in PIR supports exploration of protein relationships and may reveal protein functional associations beyond sequence homology.     

电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS）法测定碳质板岩样品中铂族元素

碳质板岩属黑色岩系,与多种金属(包括贵金属)成矿有密切的联系。按照常规的分析方法,硫镍试金溶剂配方都不能对贵金属元素有较好的富集,影响贵金属元素的测定。根据石墨岩中样品的成份特征,对测定铂族元素的常规硫镍试金配方进行了改进,增加了硝酸钾和氧化镁,且无需加入锇稀释剂。通过实验选择了合适比例配料,熔融后粉碎镍扣,加入盐酸分解,碲共沉淀剂富集。过滤沉淀用王水溶解。用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定,Lu作内标,对碳质板样品中的铂族元素进行了测定。结果表明,加标回收率为85%～105%,能够满足碳质板岩中铂族元素的分析测定要求。