水分迁移对高山草甸区非冻结路基土的影响

高山草甸区域内道路冻胀、翻浆等病害大量发生,水分迁移是产生冻胀翻浆病害的主要原因.为了研究初始含水率、细颗粒含量及入流通量对非冻结路基土中水分迁移的影响.依托拉妥至芒康公路改建工程,进行室内试验.结果表明:当土体处于最佳含水率时,不同细颗粒含量的土样毛细水上升高度不同;在一定细颗粒含量范围内,土体总入流量及入流通量随细颗粒含量的增加而增大;当初始含水率为11％时,细颗粒含量为19％的土样总入流量随时间变化曲线表现为"S"形,而细颗粒含量为22％的土样却表现为拱形,说明土样总入流量随时间变化曲线随着细颗粒含量的增加,土样同样出现滞后现象.土体总入流量及入流通量与初始含水率成反比,总入流量随时间变化曲线由拱形变化为"S"形.结果表明高山草甸区的最低路基填筑高度控制在1.5 m以上,能有效防治路基冻胀翻浆.研究成果可对西藏高山草甸区公路建设与养护提供科学的依据和指导意义.     

Organosilica composite for preconcentration of phenolic compounds from aqueous solutions

A new adsorbent is proposed for the solid-phase extraction of phenol and 1-naphthol from polluted water. The adsorbent (TX-SiO₂) is an organosilica composite made from a bifunctional immobilized layer comprising a major fraction (91%) of hydrophilic diol groups and minor fraction (9%) of the amphiphilic long-chain nonionic surfactant Triton X-100 (polyoxyethylated isooctylphenol) (TX). Under static conditions phenol was quantitatively extracted onto TX-SiO₂ in the form of a 4-nitrophenylazophenolate ion associate with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. The capacity of TX-SiO₂ for phenol is 2.4 mg g⁻¹ with distribution coefficients up to 3.4 × 10⁴ mL g⁻¹; corresponding data for 1-naphthol are 1.5 mg g⁻¹ and 3 × 10³ mL g⁻¹. The distribution coefficient does not change significantly for solution volumes of 0.025–0.5 L and adsorbent mass less than 0.03 g; 1–90 μg analyte can be easily eluted by 1–3 mL acetonitrile with an overall recovery of 98.2% and 78.3% for phenol and 1-naphthol, respectively. Linear correlation between acetonitrile solution absorbance (A ₅₄₀) and phenol concentration (C) in water was found according to the equation A ₅₄₀ = (6 ± 1) × 10⁻² + (0.9 ± 0.1)C (μmol L⁻¹) with a detection range from 1 × 10⁻⁸ mol L⁻¹ (0.9 μL g⁻¹) to 2 × 10⁻⁷ mol L⁻¹ (19 μL g⁻¹), a limit of quantification of 1 μL g⁻¹ (preconcentration factor 125), correlation coefficient of 0.936, and relative standard deviation of 2.5%. A solid-phase colorimetric method was developed for quantitative determination of 1-naphthol on adsorbent phase using scanner technology and RGB numerical analysis. The detection limit of 1-naphthol with this method is 6 μL g⁻¹ while the quantification limit is 20 μL g⁻¹. A test system was developed for naked eye monitoring of 1-naphthol impurities in water. The proposed test kit allows one to observe changes in the adsorbent color when 1-naphthol concentration in water is 0.08–3.2 mL g⁻¹.     

Development of cataract and corneal opacity in mice due to radon exposure

This work investigates the radiation damage on the eye of albino mice exposed to effective radon doses ranging from 20.92 to 83.68 mSv. These doses were taken over 2–8 weeks using a radon chamber constructed by the National Institute for Standard (Egypt). The guidance on the quality assurance program for radon measurements was followed. Therefore, the estimated doses received by the laboratory animals meet the requirements of national standard. The refractive index(RI) and protein concentration were measured for soluble proteins of both corneas and lenses. In addition, the sodium dodecyle sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDSPAGE) technique was used. The results show increasing of the RI of both cornea and lens proteins and decreasing in total protein concentration of exposed animals. These results were accompanied with changes in the SDSPAGE profile for both cornea and lens. Therefore, radon exposure produces substantial hazards to the cornea and lens of experimental animals and has a crucial role in the development of cataract and corneal opacity.     

安源路矿工人运动迅速兴起的秘密之一——中国共产党在安源路矿工人运动中的民生工程建设

震惊世界的安源路矿工人革命运动,究竟用什么神奇的力量很快发动起来并掀起高潮是一个很有意义的研究命题。通过对安源路矿工人运动诸多史料的解读研究我们发现,当时中国共产党人之所以能够奇迹般地发动和领导震惊中外的安源路矿工人运动,首要的工作是紧扣解决工人群众困苦生活的主线,开展多种形式的民生工程建设。最终觉悟起来了的人们则从受人欺侮的弱势群体一跃而成为了义无反顾、敢为人先的先锋战士。     

浅论安源路矿工人运动对井冈山革命斗争的贡献

中国共产党在上世纪二十年代发动和领导的安源路矿工人运动,极大地提高了安源工人的思想觉悟,为此后的井冈山革命斗争打下了坚实的思想政治基础和革命骨干力量储备。经过安源路矿工人运动洗礼的工人及农民,成为井冈山革命斗争源源不竭的力量源泉。     

小球在粘滞液体中运动情况的探讨

通过对小球在粘滞液体中运动情况的探讨,为设计制作和改进落球式粘滞系数实验仪提供一定的理论依据.     

1980年以来唐继尧研究综述

唐继尧作为民国历史上的重要人物,史学界对他有褒有贬。自20世纪80年代以来,学术界对其关注颇多,主要涉及其在护国、护法运动中的表现,治理云南的措施,与云南近代化的关系等问题。     

视觉导引下的轴与轴孔被动装配研究

提出了一种在视觉导引下的被动装配方法，该方法首先使用视觉进行粗定位，然后使用装配平台的扫描运动完成最后的装配，该方法克服了视觉装配误差大和被动装配时间长的缺点，集中了视觉装配速度快和被动装配精度高的优点，使得精确装配能够迅速完成。文中不仅给出了装配系统的模型，而且给出了空间点的矩阵变换，通过摄像机的特殊配置，使得矩阵变换非常简单。同时，对摄像机的最大成像误差进行了估计，为后面的装配平台运动提供依据。最后，给出了装配过程的实验结果，从装配过程所化的时间来看，该系统是可行的。     

浅谈篮球运动个人防守的控制范围

现代篮球运动竞争激烈,对抗性强性.提高运动员的防守能力,扩大其防守的控制范围,需要在防守的脚步动作、正确的选位、适时的干扰、伸缩及防守的基本姿势等方面,加强对运动员的训练与培养.     

气相色谱法测定眼药水中琥珀酸钠的含量

用气相色谱法测定眼药水中琥珀酸钠的含量。样品减压蒸干后,经酸化使琥珀酸钠变成琥珀酸,加入丙二酸进行衍生化反应,形成琥珀酸丁二酯和丙二酸丁二酯,以DEGS玻璃填充柱为色谱柱,用FID检测,进行气相色谱分析,结果令人满意。