HTTA与中性磷萃取剂协同萃取Eu(Ⅲ)的稀释剂效应

研究了Eu（Ⅲ）－2－噻吩甲酰三氟丙酮（HTTA）二元萃合物在不同稀释剂中与中性磷萃取剂（S）的加合行为。结果表明,Eu(HTTA)3与磷酸三丁酯（TBP）和三辛基氧化膦（TOPO）均可形成组成为Eu(HTTA)3S和Eu(HTTA)3.2S的加合物,且其加合反应平衡常数K15,K25和K5与稀释剂溶度参数δ之间均有良好的线性关系。δ是影响加合过程的重要因素。     

溶解度参数法在开发不溶性硫磺新型萃取剂中的应用

通过文献和基团贡献法获得了与普通硫磺溶解度参数接近的一系列溶剂的分子结构和空间结构,并考察了它们对普通硫磺的溶解度。结果表明:仅凭溶剂的溶解度参数不能完全判断溶剂对硫磺溶解性能的影响,基团贡献法不适用于同分异构体溶剂。同类型溶剂的溶解度参数越接近硫磺的溶解度参数,其对硫磺的溶解度就越大。环状类HHS-1、HBS-2溶剂和多卤代芳烃MA有望替代CS2成为不溶性硫磺的新型萃取溶剂。     

Silica gel modified with 1-(2-aminoethyl)-3-phenylurea for selective solid-phase extraction and preconcentration of Sc(III) from environmental samples

A new method that utilizes 1-(2-aminoethyl)-3-phenylurea-modified silica gel as a solid-phase extractant has been developed for preconcentration of trace Sc(III) prior to the measurement by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Experimental conditions for effective adsorption of trace level of Sc(III) were optimized using batch and column procedures in detail. The optimum pH value for the separation of Sc(III) on the new sorbent was 4 and complete elution of Sc(III) from the sorbent surface was carried out using 1.0 mL of 0.1 mol L⁻¹ HCl. Common coexisting ions did not interfere with the separation and determination of the analyte. The maximum static adsorption capacity of the sorbent at optimum conditions was found to be 32.5 mg g⁻¹ while the time of 95% adsorption was less than 2 min. The detection limit of present method was found to be 0.091 μg g⁻¹, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was lower than 3.0% (n = 8). The method was successfully applied for the preconcentration of trace Sc(III) in the environmental samples with satisfactory results.     

用198Au示踪法从氰化液中萃取微量金

198Au同位素示踪法;胺类萃取剂;溶剂萃取;用198Au示踪法从氰化液中萃取微量金     

1,10-双(1’-苯基-3’-甲基-5’-氯代吡唑-4’-基)癸二酮-[1,10]对铁(Ⅲ)、钴(Ⅱ)和镍(Ⅱ)的萃取行为

1,10-双(1’-苯基-3’-甲基-5’-氧代吡唑-4’-基)癸二酮-[1,10](以下简称H_2A)是近年来开发的一个新型螯合萃取剂。蒋次清等研究了本文标题化合物的同系物1,9-双(1’-苯基-3’-甲基-5’-氧代吡唑-4’-基)壬二酮-[1,9]对铁(Ⅲ)、钴(Ⅱ)和镍(Ⅱ)的萃取行为,发现它能将铁(Ⅲ)与钴(Ⅱ)和镍(Ⅱ)分离,但不能实现钴(Ⅱ)和镍(Ⅱ)的分离。本文研究表明,当上述化合物的主碳链中C从9个增加到10个后,在适当条件下能实现铁(Ⅲ)、钴(Ⅱ)和锦(Ⅱ)间的相互分离。     

固相萃取分离铀

铀是重要的核工业原料,也是一种有较强化学和生物毒性的重金属。从各类含铀水体系中分离和回收铀对缓解铀资源短缺,保护人类健康和生态环境安全都具有重要的科学和实际意义。本文简要回顾和评述了近15年来具有代表性的新型固相萃取材料及其在铀分离方面的应用研究,并对相关材料在铀分离领域的应用前景进行了分析和展望。     

关于中性磷类萃取体系微乳现象的研究

通过分析几种中性磷类萃取剂(TBP、P205、P350、TRPO等)-稀释剂-水-酸体系中有机相的体积变化值、电导率值随着有机相中酸度变化的曲线和利用核磁共振与激光光散射等实验技术,探讨有机相中中性磷类萃取剂和H₂O、酸的结合情况以及萃取过程中生成的微乳现象。观察到在HCl、H₂SO₄和HClO₄体系的萃取过程中,在一定的酸度范围内,有机相中有聚集现象,即有反相胶束和微乳液生成。     

快速测定栲胶脱硫液中悬浮硫

在碱性条件下，以过氧化氢为氧化剂消除共存组分的干扰，实现了对栲胶脱硫液中悬浮硫不需分离直接进行快速测定。方法简便快捷、重现性好、准确度高，加标回收率为９５．６％～１０１．７％，结果满意。     

Concentration of amino acids by a liquid emulsion membrane with a cationic extractant

The concentration of -phenylalanine in a liquid emulsion membrane system was studied using a cation complexing agent, di-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid (D2EHPA), as a carrier. The membrane formulation, the pH in the internal phase of the acid concentration in the external phase were optimized with respect to concentration performance and membrane stability. It was found that a liquid emulsion membrane obtained by demulsification of the emulsion by an electrostatic coalescer could be reused. Based on the laboratory tests, a continuous multistage process for the concentration of amino acids was proposed (with the development of a commercial process in mind) and its technical feasibility was discussed.