Effects of laser intensity on the emission direction of fast electrons in laser-solid interactions

The dependence of emission direction of fast electrons on the laser intensity has been investigated. The experimental results show that, at nonrelativistic laser intensities, the emission of fast electrons is mainly in the polarization plane. With the increase of the laser intensity, fast electrons emit towards the laser propagation direction from laser polarization direction. At relativistic laser intensities, fast electrons move away from the laser polarization plane, closely to the reflection direction of the incident laser beam.     

某类系统广义指数型E稳定性(英文)

研究某类系统广义指数型 E稳定性 ,推广了文献 [1 ],[2 ]的某些结果 .     

Analysis of Two-Dimensional Optical Fields Using an Additional Shift

A solution to the phase problem in optics is considered within the context of registration and analysis of two-dimensional stationary optical fields transformed by the object under study or fields forming an image. To obtain information on amplitude and phase distributions of the light field analyzed, a method of registration of two intensity distributions is used. The first distribution corresponds directly to the amplitude distribution. The other is formed for the sum of the initial field and the field shifted along a certain direction. The intensity distributions obtained allow one to calculate the two-dimensional structure of the field under study. It is noteworthy that the method requires no iteration procedures in solving the problem. This leads to speeding up of the processing and analysis of the information. Two variants of optical schemes for the analysis of light fields are considered. The first one corresponds to registration of the image of the analyzed plane and the second to registration of the spectrum of the spatial frequencies.     

半参数方差误差模型的估计

本文综合近邻权函数法及最小二乘法，用两阶段最小二乘估计的方法得到了半参数EV模型中参数的估计量及其强相合性，渐近正态性。同时也得到了非参数函数的估计量及其强相合性，一致强相合性。     

Si微电阻桥温度分布与热传导特性的显微Raman光谱研究

采用显微Raman光谱方法对红外目标模拟器中重掺杂Si微电阻桥单元的热传导特性进行研究，根据Si桥的实际特性建立相应的Raman散射模型，通过测量Raman峰位的移动得到高功率激光辐照下测量点的温度.对Si桥桥面分别进行了沿某些特殊线段的逐点线扫描和覆盖全部桥面的面扫描，得到各点的温升及其分布.用基于有限元分析的软件结合Si桥结构参数对各测量点的温升进行了模拟计算，其结果在热导分布的基本趋势上与实验相一致.实验细致地揭示了热导分布的局域起伏，反映出实际器件的不均匀性，为改进器件设计、优化器件性能提供了实验依据. 关键词： Raman光谱 Si桥 温度分布 热导     

中国的少数民族与野生动物保护

本文收集了我国各省主要珍稀野生动物(国家一、二级野生动物)的分布状况以及少数民族地区内民族的分布状况．通过地理信息系统软件Arcview 3.2绘制成图，通过绘制的中国主要珍贵濒危动物分布图、权重后的珍惜野生动物分布图，以及中国少数民族自治地区(州、县)的民族分布图，可以看出在民族成份聚集的边疆省份，其野生动物资源也相应较多．文章最后还论述了少数民族地区的各族人民保护和利用野生动物资源的重要性．     

Level of nodes in increasing trees revisited

Simply generated families of trees are described by the equation T(z) = ϕ(T(z)) for their generating function. If a tree has n nodes, we say that it is increasing if each node has a label ∈ { 1,…,n}, no label occurs twice, and whenever we proceed from the root to a leaf, the labels are increasing. This leads to the concept of simple families of increasing trees. Three such families are especially important: recursive trees, heap ordered trees, and binary increasing trees. They belong to the subclass of very simple families of increasing trees, which can be characterized in 3 different ways. This paper contains results about these families as well as about polynomial families (the function ϕ(u) is just a polynomial). The random variable of interest is the level of the node (labelled) j, in random trees of size n ≥ j. For very simple families, this is independent of n, and the limiting distribution is Gaussian. For polynomial families, we can prove this as well for j,n → ∞ such that n − j is fixed. Additional results are also given. These results follow from the study of certain trivariate generating functions and Hwang's quasi power theorem. They unify and extend earlier results by Devroye, Mahmoud, and others. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 2007     

Characterization of Metallo Bis(terpyridine) Diblock Polymers by Nonaqueous Capillary Zone Electrophoresis

A method of nonaqueous capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) has been developed to characterize block (co)polymers of poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(styrene) containing metallo bis(terpyridine) complexes as bridging units. Specific CZE separation conditions had to be applied, with barium perchlorate dissolved in N-methylformamide (NMF) as background electrolyte and OV-1701-OH deactivated capillaries. For detection UV absorption was measured at a wavelength of 316 nm. Metallo diblock polymers with molecular weights up to 30,000 Da could be analyzed by the proposed nonaqueous CZE method. Experiments performed with polymeric compounds containing Fe, Ni or Ru as central metal ions showed that their electrophoretic mobilities were independent of the type of metal ion. Therefore, the data on the size of the polymeric compounds could be obtained using just one set of calibration standards. Polydispersities of the samples calculated from the experimental results were in correlation with the polydispersities of the polymers used in the synthesis of the metallo diblock polymers. Several polymeric samples contained metallo mono(terpyridine) complexes as impurities. These by-products could be separated from the main product. With symmetrical diblock polymers only one by-product was detected, while with an asymmetric diblock polymer two types of mono-complexes were found. The amount of the mono-complexes present as impurities was dependent on the type of central metal ion (Ni > Fe >> Ru).     

On‐line Determination of Particle Size Distributions in Flowing Dispersions

Emulsions are of great importance to industry. They are involved in many engineering operations, including chemical reactions, extraction, emulsification and suspension polymerization, etc. However, an important problem for these processes is how to control the size distribution of the dispersed phase. Indeed, off‐line analysis of the emulsion may generate uncertainties due to sampling and dilution of the product, which are likely to change the dispersion state and physico‐chemical properties. In this work, an on‐line optical method is proposed to characterize dispersed media in real flowing conditions. This method is based on the time‐analysis of back‐scattered light fluctuations. The present paper deals with the development of this method and its application to dispersions of alumina in water. The results obtained with the on‐line optical method are compared with those acquired by classical laser light scattering and microscopy.     

Zeroth-order phase transitions and Zipf law quantization

From the standpoint of thermodynamic averaging of fission microprocesses, we investigate the origin of radioactive release in an NPP after an accident or after resource depletion. The genesis of the NPP release is interpreted as a new thermodynamic phenomenon, a zeroth-order phase transition. This problem setting results in a problem in probabilistic number theory. We prove the corresponding theorem leading to quantization of the Zipf law for the frequency of a zeroth-order phase transition with different values of the jump of the Gibbs thermodynamic potential. We introduce the notion of hole dimension. __________ Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 150, No. 1, pp. 118–142, January, 2007.