Damage evolution and failure mechanism of thermal barrier coatings under Vickers indentation by using acoustic emission technique

Acoustic emission(AE) technique was adopted to monitor the damage evolution of air plasma-sprayed(APS) yttria-partially-stabilized zirconia(YSZ) thermal barrier coatings(TBCs) during instrumented indentation testing, and then the failure mechanisms were investigated by cluster analysis and wavelet transform methods.The results of cluster analysis showed that there were three classes associated with distinct failure types for the 8YSZ coatings under Vickers indentation. Based on wavelet transform, these three clusters could be clearly distinguished from their dominant frequency bands, which were concentrated on levels A5(0–156.25 kHz), D5(156.25–312.5 kHz) and D4(312.5–625 kHz), respectively. Thus, the failure mechanism of 8YSZ coatings under Vickers indentation could be clarified by the distribution of different failure types in indentation depth. To sum up, as indentation load increases, the 8YSZ coatings can accommodate the indenter by elastic or little plastic deformation, microcracks propagation and then debonding at the splat boundaries. By comparing the distribution of AE signals induced by different failure types in indentation depth for samples with different thermal exposure time, it can be inferred that thermal exposure treatment can accelerate the degradation of APS 8YSZ TBCs.     

Detection of stress whitening in plastics with the help of X-ray dark field imaging

The processing of thermoplastics can induce a wide range of defects such as stress whitening, cavitation and porosity, which can adversely affect the reliability of the final products. Hence, fast and effective non-destructive detection methods for such defects are highly important for quality assurance on production lines. In this paper, X-ray dark field imaging is presented as a new non-destructive testing method that allows the visualization of stress whitening or cavitation efficiently. The performance of the method is demonstrated for the case of an injection-moulded polyvinylidene fluoride part that exhibits stress whitening. Whereas the stress whitening could not be detected by conventional X-ray imaging, it was localized by an X-ray dark field image acquired within a few minutes. Once the precise location of the stress whitening was known, it was possible to verify the result by local micro X-ray computed tomography and by a micro section image.     

痰涂片阳性肺结核患者分枝杆菌培养及药敏结果743例分析

目的研究衢州地区痰涂片阳性肺结核患者对常用抗结核药物的耐药情况,为结核病控制和临床用药提供对策.方法对衢州地区的743例痰涂片阳性肺结核患者痰标本进行酸性改良罗氏培养基痰培养,将培养阳性菌株以硝基苯甲酸(PNB)培养基和噻吩-2-2羧酸肼(TCH)培养基进行菌种鉴定,采用绝对浓度间接法对异烟肼(INH)、利福平(RFP)、链霉素(SM)、氧氟沙星(OFLX)、乙胺丁醇(EMB)、卡那霉素(KM)6种抗结核药物进行敏感性试验.结果743例获得菌种鉴定和药物敏感试验结果者中有结核分枝杆菌复合群728例(97.98%),非结核分枝杆菌15例(2.02%).728例结核分枝杆菌复合群中总耐药率为26.63%,初治耐药率为19.35%,复治耐药率为57.32%;总耐多药率为5.36%,初治耐多药率1.39%,复治耐多药率36.59%.6种抗结核药物的耐药顺序依次为INH 8.20%、SM 7.74%、OFLX 4.80%、RFP 1.86%、KM 1.24%、EMB 1.08%.结论衢州地区肺结核患者中耐药情况较为严重,应开展分枝杆菌培养和药敏试验并根据药敏结果组成个体化化疗方案,同时进一步落实和提高非住院肺结核患者全面监督化学治疗(DOTS)质量,提高各类患者的治愈率,减少各种耐药的发生概率.     

Importance of verifying queue model assumptions before planning with simulation software

This case study uses empirical data gathered at an Australian refinery to verify the assumptions for queue distributions before using special-purpose software to plan the off-road-truck hauling of titanium dioxide to a refinery (n = 773). Easy-to-use spreadsheet software is utilized to verify assumptions for queue models. Managers are able to make decisions based on economic implications of queue models to avoid making costly planning mistakes. Analysts can use nonparametric hypothesis-testing techniques to verify distribution assumptions for optimization without having to write hard-to-maintain and complex algebraic linear equations or nonlinear search routines.     

Sealed Sources. Some Aspects of Development and Production in the German Democratic Republic

Industrially advanced countries and inereasingly also agricultural countries today use radioisotopes as labelled compounds or scaled sources in order to solve their scientific and technological problems.     

Zur Ermittlung der günstigsten Integrationszeitkonstanten bei der Durchstrahlungsprüfung

Bei der kontinuierlichen Durchstrahlungsprüfung von Werkstücken werden überwiegend Meßeinrichtungen, bestehend aus ⁶⁰Co-Strahlungsquelle, Szintillationsdetektor und schreibendem Meßgerät, verwendet 1.     

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Homogeneity of variance and correlation coefficients is one of assumptions in the analysis of longitudinal data.However, the assumption can be challenged. In this paper, we mainly propose and analyze nonlinear mixed effects models for longitudinal data with exponential correlation covariance structure, intend to introduce Huber's function in the log likelihood function and get robust estimation (M-estimation) by Fisher scoring method. Score test statistics for homogeneity of variance and correlation coefficient based on M-estimation are then studied. A simulation study is carried to assess the performance of test statistics and the method we proposed in the paper is illustrated by an actual data example.     

石油化工给排水管道常用API标准制造阀门的试验

该文介绍了石油化工给排水管道常用API标准制造阀门—闸阀、截止阀、蝶阀的试验项目及试验比例,通过在某大型石油化工项目的成功实践,证明了严格执行该阀门试验项目及试验比例对保证石油化工给排水管道施工质量的必要性、合理性。     

运动疗法依从性对2型糖尿病患者糖化血红蛋白的影响

目的运动疗法依从性对2型糖尿病患者糖化血红蛋白的影响。方法2型糖尿病患者60例．出院后接受每月一次的电话回访。连续6个月，全部病人首次发病，进行运动疗法相关知识教育，每3个月查糖化血红蛋白。结果运动疗法依从性达标的患者糖化血红蛋白控制明显优于不能达标的患者（P〈0．05）。结论有效的运动可提高胰岛素敏感性。减轻胰岛素抵抗，对糖化血红蛋白有明显的控制作用。     

Simple laser vision sensor calibration for surface profiling applications

Due to the relatively large structures in the Oil and Gas industry, original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) have been implementing custom-designed laser vision sensor (LVS) surface profiling systems as part of quality control in their manufacturing processes. The rough manufacturing environment and the continuous movement and misalignment of these custom-designed tools adversely affect the accuracy of laser-based vision surface profiling applications. Accordingly, Oil and Gas businesses have been raising the demand from the OEMs to implement practical and robust LVS calibration techniques prior to running any visual inspections. This effort introduces an LVS calibration technique representing a simplified version of two known calibration techniques, which are commonly implemented to obtain a calibrated LVS system for surface profiling applications. Both calibration techniques are implemented virtually and experimentally to scan simulated and three-dimensional (3D) printed features of known profiles, respectively. Scanned data is transformed from the camera frame to points in the world coordinate system and compared with the input profiles to validate the introduced calibration technique capability against the more complex approach and preliminarily assess the measurement technique for weld profiling applications. Moreover, the sensitivity to stand-off distances is analyzed to illustrate the practicality of the presented technique.