阳离子香豆胶热裂解红外光谱研究

研究了香豆胶原粉、阳离子香豆胶的红外光谱归属,并测定了它们的热失重及相应热效应峰值的红外光谱(TG-IR)。根据不同温度下阳离子香豆胶光谱基团的吸收峰变化和热失重-红外光谱的分析,推断该样品可能的热解过程。     

杜仲中京尼平甙酸的硅胶柱色谱分离纯化及反相高效液相色谱/液相色谱-电喷雾质谱/核磁共振鉴定

建立了杜仲中京尼平甙酸的硅胶柱色谱分离纯化及反相高效液相色谱/液相色谱-电喷雾质谱/核磁共振(RP-HPLC/LC-ESI-MS/NMR)鉴定方法。杜仲皮经粉碎后,用70%乙醇提取,提取液经减压蒸馏至干,再用甲醇溶解,然后吸附于硅胶上,并以不同体积比的氯仿-甲醇混合液按洗脱剂的极性由小到大进行洗脱,以RP-HPLC法检测洗脱液中物质的种类和含量。结果表明:洗脱剂为氯仿-甲醇（体积比为8∶1）的洗脱液经分析为单一组分,其保留时间为5.142 min;以对照品京尼平甙酸添加法测定,其峰高增加;相关紫外光谱和红外光谱检测结果与京尼平甙酸对照品基本一致;结合LC-ESI-MS、 1H-NMR和13C-NMR等测定,确定该洗脱组分为京尼平甙酸。     

Gelation Studies, 3

Summary: The sol‐gel transition of one thermoreversible gelling mixture made of xanthan gum and locust bean gum has been studied by using in situ time‐resolved dynamic light scattering (DLS) and measuring the spin‐lattice relaxation time T₁ of several protons. A critical dynamical behavior was observed near the sol‐gel transition, which is characterized by the presence of power‐law spectra over four decades of the delay time in the time‐intensity correlation function g₂(t)−1 ∼ t^−μ at 48 °C. The increase in T₁ with increasing temperature becomes steeper at 50 °C indicating a significant change in the local mobility of one anomeric proton of the xanthan side chain and the anomeric protons of the locust bean gum mannose backbone.

Temperature dependence of the spin‐lattice relaxation time T₁ for the equatorial anomeric proton of the mannopyranosic unit located next to the main chain of the xanthan.     

壳聚糖／黄原胶凝胶化性能的研究

壳聚糖-黄原胶通过改变质量分数(r)制备了混合凝胶.当多糖总浓度为4%,盐离子浓度为1 mol·L-1,壳聚糖质量分数为0.7,在80℃共混并恒温30 min,可达凝胶强度(G)的最大值;研究了制备温度(TP)、恒温时间(t)、体系中盐离子浓度及壳聚糖分子量(M)与脱乙酰度(DD)对凝胶化的影响.同时从其FTIR谱图上分析了这两种多糖凝胶化的作用机理.     

In Vitro Evaluation of Curcumin Encapsulation in Gum Arabic Dispersions under Different Environments

Biopolymers, especially polysaccharides (e.g., gum Arabic), are widely applied as drug carriers in drug delivery systems due to their advantages. Curcumin, with high antioxidant ability but limited solubility and bioavailability in the body, can be encapsulated in gum Arabic to improve its solubility and bioavailability. When curcumin is encapsulated in gum Arabic, it is essential to understand how it works in various conditions. As a result, in Simulated Intestinal Fluid and Simulated Gastric Fluid conditions, we investigated the potential of gum Arabic as the drug carrier of curcumin. This study was conducted by varying the gum Arabic concentrations, i.e., 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, and 40%, to encapsulate 0.1 mg/mL of curcumin. Under both conditions, the greater the gum Arabic concentration, the greater the encapsulation efficiency and antioxidant activity of curcumin, but the worse the gum Arabic loading capacity. To achieve excellent encapsulation efficiency, loading capacity, and antioxidant activity, the data advises that 10% is the best feasible gum Arabic concentration. Regarding the antioxidant activity of curcumin, the findings imply that a high concentration of gum Arabic was effective, and the Simulated Intestinal Fluid brought an excellent surrounding compared to the Simulated Gastric Fluid solution. Moreover, the gum Arabic releases curcumin faster in the Simulated Gastric Fluid condition.     

Effect of Coconut Protein and Xanthan Gum,Soybean Polysaccharide and Gelatin Interactions in Oil-Water Interface

We report on our study of the interactions between coconut protein extracted from coconut meat and three hydrocolloids (gelatin, xanthan gum, and soybean polysaccharide) and their interfacial adsorption and emulsification properties. We used Zeta potential, fluorescence spectroscopy scanning and ITC to investigate the interactions between a fixed concentration (1%) of coconut protein and varying concentrations of hydrocolloid. Through the interfacial tension and interfacial viscoelasticity, the interfacial properties of the hydrocolloid and coconut protein composite solution were explored. The physical stability of the corresponding emulsion is predicted through microstructure and stability analysis. Xanthan gum forms a flocculent complex with coconut protein under acidic conditions. Soy polysaccharides specifically bind to coconut protein. Under acidic conditions, this complex is stabilized through the steric hindrance of soy polysaccharides. Due to gelatin-coconut protein interactions, the isoelectric point of this complex changes. The interfacial tension results show that as time increases, the interfacial tensions of the three composite solutions decrease. The increase in the concentration of xanthan gum makes the interfacial tension decrease first and then increase. The addition of soybean polysaccharides reduces the interfacial tension of coconut protein. The addition of xanthan gum forms a stronger elastic interface film. Emulsion characterization showed that the gelatin-added system showed better stability. However, the addition of xanthan gum caused stratification quickly, and the addition of soybean polysaccharides also led to instability because the addition of polysaccharides led to a decrease in thermodynamic compatibility. This research lays the foundation for future research into coconut milk production technology.     

皂荚豆组成及皂荚胶的流变性质

研究了皂荚豆的组成成分和皂荚胶的流变性质。结果表明:皂荚豆中蛋白质含量为15.38%,内胚乳占种子组成的37.8%;通过GC、PC、IR及HNMR分析多糖结构:内胚乳中含有68.6%的半乳甘露聚糖,半乳糖与甘露糖配比为1∶2.5,主链是以β (1,4) 苷键连接的D 吡喃甘露糖,支链是以α (1,6) 苷键连接的D 吡喃半乳糖;皂荚胶1%水溶液表观粘度达274mPa·s(30℃,170s-1),皂荚胶是高效的增稠剂;皂荚胶粘度随浓度升高而升高,随pH的降低而有所降低,皂荚胶水溶液为假塑性流体。     

淤泥质粘土层非开挖定向钻进高分子植物胶冲洗液研究

针对淤泥质粘土层非开挖定向钻进过程中孔壁稳定问题,采用微观分析和实验研究相结合的方法开展了高分子植物胶冲洗液体系的研制。首先,通过室内实验分析了添加剂对基浆流变性能及失水性能的影响,并采用扫描电镜对添加剂进行微观形貌分析。最后,通过标准岩心浸泡实验对添加剂的防塌性能进行了评价。在此基础上,研制出了适用于淤泥质黏土层的高分子植物胶冲洗液。研究成果对于保障淤泥质黏土层快速非开挖定向钻进具有重要意义,同时,在解决其它类似地层的快速非开挖钻进方面也具有一定参考价值。     

Found in the Folds: A Rediscovery of Ancient Egyptian Pleated Textiles and the Analysis of Carbohydrate Coatings

Charles T. Currelly, first director of the Royal Ontario Museum, participated in excavations of the tomb of King Nebhepetre, now known as Mentuhotep II, (Dynasty XI) in Deir el-Bahri, Egypt in 1906. He brought to Canada many objects from the excavations, and objects that he purchased while in Egypt; these formed the initial collection of the museum. Among the objects were seven fragments of fine linen cloth with intricate pleat patterns. Recently, the cloths became the subject of a study to learn how they had retained their pleats for 4000 years. Samples were examined and analysed using polarised light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy-electron dispersive X-ray spectrometry, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Three of the cloths were likely fragments of clothing re-purposed as bandages and were found to be saturated in mummification balms composed of Pinaceae resin, Pistacia resin, and an essential oil characterised by a high abundance of cedrol, possibly originating from a juniper species. All seven of the cloths were found to have traces of polysaccharides from two probable sources: an arabinogalactan gum such as gum arabic or a fruit gum, and a polyglucoside, possibly starch.     

几种胶粉用于涤棉纱浆纱性能研究

为了对聚酯浆料有一个综合性了解和评价,将醋酸酯淀粉分别与聚酯、PVA、聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）配伍,形成3种胶粉浆料．通过实验,对这3种胶粉浆料的浆液性能、浆膜性能等进行了测试分析,并对涤棉纱线进行上浆实验,对比分析了上浆后纱线的毛羽降低率、增强率、减伸率等性能指标,所得数据可作为纺织企业对聚酯胶粉浆料使用时的参考．