Preparation of rapid (chain-stopped) alkyds by incorporation of gum rosin and investigation of coating properties

In this study, the synthesis, characterization, and properties of a short oil length chain–stopped(rapid) alkyd resin is investigated. Gum rosin modified alkyd resin (RA-GR) was prepared using soybean oil, phthalic anhydride, glycerin and gum rosin acid. An alkyd modified with benzoic acid (RA-BA) was also prepared for comparison. FTIR analyses and GPC measurements of the alkyds were used for characterization. Other properties such as the viscosity, acid value, and solid content of the final resins were determined. Separately, the synthesized resins were used in paint formulations without any changes in other parameters such as filler, airdrying agents, solvents, etc. Paints were applied to metal and glass surfaces and the effect of gum rosin was investigated by looking at touch and hard drying times, adhesion to metals and gloss changes. Compared to the benzoic acid modified resin (RA-BA), gum rosin modified resin (RA-GR) exhibited remarkable positive effects on the paint with a better adhesion to the metals, and short drying times without any loses in the glosses.     

Microwave-Assisted Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) Grafted Gellan Gum

Poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethylmethacrylate) was grafted on gellan gum (GG) in aqueous medium under microwave irradiation using ammonium persulfate and N,N,N′N′-tetramethylethylenediamine as the initiation system. Grafted copolymers were characterized by FT-IR, TGA, and SEM techniques. The influence of microwave power, exposure time, and composition of the reaction mixture on extent of grafting was studied. Conditions for obtaining the highest degree of grafting were optimized. The rate of grafting was determined from weight measurements. The overall activation energy for grafting is found to be 31.2 kJ/mol, indicating the occurrence of the grafting process with absorption of low thermal energy.     

食品胶及电解质对琼胶凝胶性能的影响

本文优化选择出与琼脂有协同增效作用的三种电解质：氯化钾、六偏磷酸钠、磷酸二氢钾及多种食品胶，并在确定其他食品胶与琼脂最佳配比的基础上，在这些溶液中分别加入不同浓度和种类的电解质，测定了其各项性能参数。     

铅(Ⅱ)-碘化钾-丁基罗丹明B-阿拉伯胶-TritonX-100体系分光光度法测定痕量铅

本文研究结果表明,水溶性大分子化合物阿拉伯胶和非离子表面活性剂Triton X-100共同存在下,铅碘络阴离子和丁基罗丹明B的显色反应具有很高的灵敏度,表观摩尔吸光系数ε=6.2×10~5L.mol~(-1)·cm~(-1)。拟定了用本法测定金属及其合金、工业废水中痕量铅的分析步骤,测定结果较满意。     

瓜豆胶在再生纸中应用的研究

就四种瓜豆胶对废箱板纸浆的增强作用作了比较研究.结果表明,未加任何变性的瓜豆胶有比较好的增强作用,阳离子化的瓜豆胶有更好的增强作用,是理想的造纸增强剂.     

几种常用苎麻脱胶煮练助剂快速煮练功效的评估

缩短苎麻脱胶煮练的时间,在工业化生产上有着巨大的实用价值和经济效益,它的技术关键之一在于煮练助剂。本文运用多重比较法中的统计排队法,对国内常用的三种苎麻脱胶煮练助剂进行了评估、为苎麻脱胶工业化生产提供了一定的参考依据。焦磷酸钠能够以较小的用量获得较好的快速煮练功效;而增大三聚磷酸钠和磷酸钠的用量,同样也可以得到较好的快速煮练功效。     

杜仲形成层活动周期中多糖贮量和淀粉酶同工酶的变化

杜仲(Eucommia ulmoides)枝条中的多糖颗粒经Ⅰ-KI溶液染色不显蓝黑色反应,偏光显微镜检查也不显示各向异性。髓、木质部、木射线和皮层薄壁细胞内多糖贮量的变化和形成层的活动周期有关:从5月下旬至12月中旬,逐步积累:从12月下旬至翌年4月中旬则逐步消失。韧皮部薄壁细胞中的多糖颗粒很少,而且没有季节性变化。淀粉酶同工酶酶谱在不同组织中不同,并随形成层的活动状态而变化,但与多糖颗粒的积累和消失无相关关系。     

Bioactivity and chemical characterisation of Lophostemon suaveolens – an endemic Australian Aboriginal traditional medicinal plant

Lophostemon suaveolens is a relatively unexplored endemic medicinal plant of Australia. Extracts of fresh leaves of L. suaveolens obtained from sequential extraction with n-hexane and dichloromethane exhibited antibacterial activity in the disc diffusion and MTT microdilution assays against Streptococcus pyogenes and methicillin sensitive and resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus (minimum bactericidal concentration < 63 μg/mL). The dichloromethane extract and chromatographic fractions therein inhibited nitric oxide in RAW264.7 murine macrophages (IC₅₀ 3.7–11.6 μg/mL) and also PGE₂ in 3T3 murine fibroblasts (IC₅₀ 2.8–19.7 μg/mL). The crude n-hexane, dichloromethane and water extracts of the leaves and chromatographic fractions from the dichloromethane extract also showed modest antioxidant activity in the ORAC assay. GC–MS analysis of the n-hexane fraction showed the presence of the antibacterial compounds aromadendrene, spathulenol, β-caryophyllene, α-humulene and α-pinene and the anti-inflammatory compounds β-caryophyllene and spathulenol. Fractionation of the dichloromethane extract led to the isolation of eucalyptin and the known anti-inflammatory compound betulinic acid.     

Synthesis,characterization and evaluation of semi‐IPN hydrogels consisted of poly(methacrylic acid) and guar gum for colon‐specific drug delivery

The semi‐IPN hydrogels consisting of poly(methacrylic acid) and guar gum (GG) are prepared at room temperature using water as solvent. 5‐aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA) is entrapped in the hydrogel in the synthesis of hydrogel and all entrapment efficiencies are found above 85%. The hydrogel shows excellent pH‐sensitivity. It exhibited minimum swelling in an acidic pH medium through the formation of a complex hydrogen‐bonded structure and maximal swelling due to the electrostatic repulsion due to the ionization of the carboxylic groups in pH 7.4 medium. The degradation in vitro shows that the degree of degradation (R%) depended on the concentration of cross‐linking agent and content of GG. The hydrogel shows a minimum release of 5‐ASA due to the complex hydrogen bonded structure of the hydrogels in the medium of pH 2.2. The enzymatic degradation of hydrogels by cecal bacteria can accelerate the release of 5‐ASA entrapped in the hydrogel in pH 7.4 medium. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Thermal properties and release of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Lippia sidoides</Emphasis> essential oil from gum arabic/maltodextrin microparticles

Microencapsulation of Lippia sidoides essential oil was carried out by spray drying. Blends of maltodextrin and gum arabic were used as carrier. Spray dried microparticles were characterized using conventional (thermogravimetry, evolved gas analysis) and combined (thermogravimetry-mass spectrometry analysis) thermal analysis techniques in order to evaluate the abilities of carriers with different compositions in retaining and in releasing the core vs. dynamic heating. Thermal analysis was useful to evaluate the physico-chemical interactions between the core and carriers and to determine the protective effect of the carriers on the evaporation of essential oil.