Poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) brushes fabricated by surface-mediated RAFT polymerization and their response to pH

In this study, well-defined, high density poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) [poly(DMAEMA)] brushes were fabricated by the combination of the self-assembly of a monolayer of RAFT agent and surface-mediated RAFT polymerization. The whole fabrication process of the poly(DMAEMA) was followed by water contact angles, grazing angle-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. Kinetic studies revealed a linear increase in poly(DMAEMA) film thickness with polymerization time, indicating that the chain growth from the surface was a controlled process. Characterization of the poly(DMAEMA) brushes, such as molecular weight and thickness determination, were measured by gel permeation chromatography, and ellipsometry, and the grafting density was estimated. The pH response of the poly(DMAEMA) brushes was further investigated and the results verified the “brush-like” to “mushroom-like” transition of the poly(DMAEMA) chains due to the reversible protonation/deprotonation upon changing the solution pH.     

Dissipation of the plant growth regulator hexanoic acid 2-(diethylamino) ethyl ester in pakchoi and soil

A rapid and simple method for determining the plant growth regulator hexanoic acid 2-(diethylamino) ethyl ester (DA-6) in pakchoi and soil using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) has been developed. For this purpose, a single step was used to extract DA-6 with dichloromethane from aqueous-acetone extracts of vegetables and soil. Average recoveries of DA-6 in pakchoi and soil were between 85% and 104% at both spiking levels 0.01 and 0.1 mg kg^?1. Relative standard deviations (RSD) were less than 11% for all of the recovery tests. The degradation of DA-6 in pakchoi and soil was studied. The results showed that DA-6 degradation in pakchoi and soil coincided with C = 3.9903 e^{?0.0516 t} , C = 0.3476 e^{?0.0224 t} , respectively; the half-lives were 13.43 h and 30.94 h in pakchoi and soil in Beijing, respectively.     

High‐performance liquid chromatographic enantioseparation of (RS)‐bupropion using isothiocyanate‐based chiral derivatizing reagents

A high‐performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for enantioseparation of bupropion was developed using two isothiocyanate‐based chiral derivatizing reagents, (S)‐1‐(1‐naphthyl) ethyl isothiocyanate, (S)‐NEIT, and (R)‐α‐methyl benzyl isothiocyanate, (R)‐MBIT. The diastereomers synthesized with (S)‐NEIT were enantioseparated by reversed‐phase HPLC using gradient elution with mobile phase containing water and acetonitrile, whereas diastereomers synthesized with (R)‐MBIT were enantioseparated using triethyl amine phosphate buffer and methanol. Derivatization conditions were optimized and the method was validated for accuracy, precision and limit of detection. The limit of detection was found to be 0.040–0.043 µg/mL for each of the diastereomers prepared with (S)‐NEIT. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

葡萄酒质量安全风险及其控制

全面阐述了影响葡萄酒质量安全的主要因素及其防控措施。农药残留和重金属污染通常由葡萄栽培中施用的防治病虫害药剂或环境污染而导致其在葡萄果实中的累积,可通过选择生态条件优良的酿酒葡萄种植基地、规范栽培管理技术有效控制；SO₂残留产生于葡萄酒酿造过程,可通过控制原料污染、严格发酵酿造工艺管理、保证生产清洁卫生及积极寻找SO₂替代物控制其含量；微生物或有微生物参与的有毒代谢产物中赭曲霉毒素A、氨基甲酸乙酯和生物胺,则依赖于发酵剂的选择和改进工艺等多种手段综合防控。在葡萄栽培及葡萄酒酿造过程中应关注此类物质对人体的潜在危害,并通过检测进行有效的预防和控制。     

Oxidation of Poly(dimethylbutadiene) Popcorn Polymer

Poly(dimethylbutadiene) popcorn polymer oxidizes readily in the presence of oxygen at room temperature. Quantitative data are presented for the production of the major volatile product, 2,5-hexanedione, as well as for the secondary products: water, acetic acid, and acetaldehyde. Three reaction mechanisms formerly proposed for polyisoprene oxidation are considered for their applicability to poly(dimethylbutadiene) popcorn oxidation. Of these, one that assumes the formation of a Bevilacquatype peroxyalkoxy radical followed by hydrogen abstraction to form an alcohol group, double bond migration, formation of a peroxide radical adjacent to the alcohol, then elimination of a hydroxy radical and scission, can explain the experimental data.     

无溶剂条件下嘧啶-6-酮衍生物的简便合成

以芳醛、氰乙酸乙酯和氰基胍为原料,氢氧化钠为催化剂,在无溶剂条件下加热,方便、高效地合成嘧啶-6-酮衍生物.这种新的合成方法具有反应时间短、条件温和、成本低和环境友好等优点.     

Ecofriendly synthesis and biological evaluation of 4-(4-nitro-phenyl)-2-phenyl-1,4-dihydro-benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester derivatives as an antitubercular agents

An ecofriendly route has been investigated for the synthesis of 4-(4-nitro-phenyl)-2-phenyl-1,4-dihydro-benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester derivatives by one-pot, three-component condensation of ethyl benzoylacetate, aromatic aldehydes, and 2-amino benzimidazole using 260?mol% of citric acid as reaction mediator. Citric acid is an inexpensive, nontoxic, and green medium with smoothly activates the rate of reaction. The synthesized compounds were assessed for in vitro antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H₃₇RV strain using the microplate alamar blue assay (MABA). The results indicate that among all the synthesized compound series, P-4 and P-9 compounds illustrate effective activity with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 25?µg/ml.     

A degradable atom transfer radical polymerization inimer: Synthesis,polymerization, and cleavage of the resulting polymer products

A novel degradable inimer for atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), 2‐(6‐(2‐((2‐bromo‐2‐methylpropanoyl)oxy)ethyl)pyridin‐2‐yl)ethyl methacrylate (PyDEBrMΑ), was synthesized by the two‐step esterification of 2,6‐pyridinediethanol, first with α‐bromoisobutyryl bromide in order to introduce the initiator moiety, and then with methacryloyl chloride in order to introduce the monomer moiety. PyDEBrMA was subsequently used to initiate the self‐condensing ATRP of methyl methacrylate (MMA) to obtain a hyperbranched MMA homopolymer which could be cleaved at the PyDEBrMA residue either by treatment under mildly alkaline hydrolysis conditions (sodium deuteroxide in d₆‐DMSO at room temperature) or thermolysis at 150 °C. The lability of the PyDEBrMA residue arises from the presence in its structure of two 2‐(pyridin‐2‐yl)ethyl ester moieties. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017 , 55, 2831–2839     

SYNTHESIS OF DIASTEREOMERIC ETHYL 1-BENZOYL-6-(BROMOMETHYL)-2,2,2,4-TETRAPHENYL-3,7-DIOXA-2λ5-PHOSPHABICYCLO- [3.2.0]HEPT-4-ENE-6-CARBOXYLATE

Stable diastereomeric ethyl 1-benzoyl-6-(bromomethyl)-2,2,2,4-tetra- phenyl-3,7-dioxa-2λ ⁵ -phosphabicyclo[3.2.0]hept-4-ene-6-carboxylate was obtained in 98% yield from the reaction between dibenzoylacetylene as electron-deficient acetylenic compound, and ethyl 3-bromopyruvate in the presence of triphenylphosphine in dry ether.     

Microwave Assisted Synthesis of Some Novel Thiopyrano[2,3-b]quinolines as a New Class of Antimicrobial Agent

A series of novel substituted thiopyrano[2,3-b]quinolines 4a–e , 5a–e , and 6a–e were prepared from substituted 3-formyl-2-mercapto quinolines 2a–e , on reaction with ethyl acetoacetate, diethyl malonate, and ethyl cyanoacetate 3a–c by microwave irradiation in the presence of piperidine. Synthesized compounds were evaluated for antimicrobial activities. Among the compounds tested, 7-chloro-2-oxo-2H-thiopyrano[2,3-b]quinoline-3-carbonitrile 6d and 7-nitro-2-oxo-2H-thiopyrano[2,3-b]quinoline-3-carbonitrile 6e were highly active against S. aureus and M. roseus.