BaCe0.8Ho0.2O3-a陶瓷的性质与应用

Ceramic BaCe0.8Ho0.2O3-α with orthorhombic perovskite structure was prepared by conventional solid state reaction, and its conductivity and ionic transport number were measured by ac impedance spectroscopy and gas concentration cell methods in the temperature range of 600-1000 ℃ in wet hydrogen and wet air, respectively. Using the ceramics as solid electrolyte and porous platinum as electrodes, the hydrogen-air fuel cell was constructed, and the cell performance at temperature from 600-1000 ℃ was examined. The results indicate that the specimen was a pure protonic conductor with the protonic transport number of 1 at temperature from 600-900 ℃ in wet hydrogen, a mixed conductor of proton and electron with the protonic transport number of 0.99 at 1000 ℃. The electronic conduction could be neglected in this case, thus the total conductivity in wet hydrogen was approximately regarded as protonic conductivity. In wet air, the specimen was a mixed conductor of proton, oxide ion and electron hole. The protonic transport numbers were 0.01-0.09, and the oxide-ionic transport numbers were 0.27-0.32. The oxide ionic conductivity was increased with the increase of temperature, but the protonic conductivity displayed a maximum at 900 ℃, due to the combined increase in mobility and depletion of the carriers. The fuel cell could work stably. At 1000 ℃, the maximum short-circuit current density and power output density were 346 mA/cm^2 and 80 mW/cm^2, respectively.     

对数浓度图在氧化还原滴定分析中的应用

文中就对数浓度图在氧化还原滴定分析中的绘制及其应用进行了较为详细的讨论。     

微量钠离子浓度测量方法

从能斯特方程出发,考虑到国产ＣＮａ电极的离散性,给出实用的数学模型,并用ＭＣＳ－５１单片机构成高性能价格比的微量钠离子检测仪。     

胰腺腺泡细胞胞浆游离钙浓度的测定及药物作用的研究

本文建立了用荧光指示利Fura－2测定胰腺腺泡细胞胞浆游离Ca2＋浓度（［Ca2＋］i）的实验技术,包括：胰腺腺泡的分离制备;Fura—2／AM的负载;腺泡悬液的荧光光谱测量等．测定了胰腺腺泡细胞［Ca2＋］i。的静息值和卡巴可促腺泡细胞［Ca2＋］i升高的剂量—效应关系及动力学过程,并研究了柴胡总皂甙对胰腺腺泡细胞［Ca2＋i］的影响．发现0．01mg／ml浓度的柴胡总皂甙使胰腺腺泡细胞［Ca2＋］。明显升高,0．1mg／ml浓度时可使［Ca2＋］。升高到静息值的3倍,提示柴胡总皂甙的促酶分泌作用是通过胞内［Ca2＋］i升高介导的．     

2,6—二硝基甲苯对鲤鱼的毒性

研究测定了２,６－二硝基甲苯（２,６－ＤＮＴ）对鲤鱼的急性和亚致死毒性．亚致死试验经１８０ｍｇ／Ｌ、３６０ｍｇ／Ｌ、５４０ｍｇ／Ｌ、７２０ｍｇ／Ｌ、９９０ｍｇ／Ｌ２,６－ＤＮＴ暴露２１ｄ．在１５℃～１９℃下,２４ｈ、４８ｈ、７２ｈ、９６ｈ的半致死浓度值分别为２５４８ｍｇ／Ｌ、２２９６ｍｇ／Ｌ、２０１２ｍｇ／Ｌ、１９００ｍｇ／Ｌ．亚致死试验中,根据２,６－ＤＮＴ对鲤鱼生长和肝、肾、鳃ＡＴＰａｓｅ活力的影响,求得２,６－ＤＮＴ的最大允许毒物浓度为１８０～３６０ｍｇ／Ｌ．     

超滤法浓缩提取萝卜POD过程中的数量关系探讨

对超滤法浓缩提取萝卜ＰＯＤ（ｐｅｒｏｘｉｄａｓｅ）过程中酶活、比活力、蛋白质浓度及浓缩液体积等的动态变化的初步研究表明：（１）时间与浓缩液的蛋白质浓度、酶活、酶损失率间,浓缩液体积与蛋白质浓度、酶活、比活力及酶活的增加倍数间,以及体积浓缩倍数与酶和蛋白质的得率间的关系,均可用方程ｙ＝ａｅｂｘ来表示;（２）时间与透过液的蛋白质浓度及酶活间的关系可用方程ｙ＝ａ＋ｂ１ｘ＋ｂ２ｘ２＋ｂ３ｘ３＋ｂｘ４４来表示;（３）浓缩液蛋白质浓度与酶活及酶的浓缩倍数间,时间与浓缩液体积及透过液的比活力间的关系,均可用方程ｙ＝ａ＋ｂｘ来表示．     

Thermoreversible gelation of polyacrylonitrile/dimethylformamide-solution

The thermoreversible gelation of semi-diluted atactic polyacrylnitrile (PAN)/dimethylformamide (DMF)-solutions has been studied. The structural features of PAN/DMF-gels, formed by supercooling have been investigated by DSC-, x-ray- and swelling measurements. A new structural model has been introduced to describe the morphology of the junction zones of PAN/DMF-gels and to also explain the gelation behavior of PAN/DMF-solutions as the structural features of PAN/DMF-gels. The junction zones of a PAN/DMF-gel have been defined as ordered junction zones.A gelation enthalpy of about H=–6 kJ/mol supports the idea that an ordered junction zone is formed by intermolecularly neighboring stereoregular parts of atactic PAN chains due to a nucleation process in the solution. It can be defined as a strongly distributed fringed micelle.     

Theoretical approach and the practice to the evaluation of structural parameters characterizing concentration polarization alongside ion-exchange membranes by means of dielectric measurement

As the application of a dielectric theory proposed previously (J Membrane Sci 64:153–161 (1991)), theoretical formulation and the practical procedure of dielectric analysis are developed to calculate the structural parameters such as the conductivity gradient and the thickness of the concentration polarization layer, the capacitances and the conductances of the two adjoining aqueous phases from the observed dielectric parameters. The procedure of calculation consequent upon the theoretical formulation was applied to double relaxation data observed for cation-exchange membrane systems under application of d.c. bias voltage. As a consequence, the structural parameters of concentration polarization were readily obtained with accuracy.     

在"高聚物的结构与性能"课程中应该引入的几个新概念

在“高聚物的结构与性能”课程教学中，很有必要向学生介绍高分子科学近十几年来的发展，尤其是在高分子凝聚态基本物理问题上的研究成果以及相关的新概念、新知识，特别是我国学者的贡献。本文较为详细地讨论了近年来作者在教学中介绍的几个新概念，如：动态接触浓度、单链凝聚态、凝聚缠结等。     

Modifying the thermosensitivity of copolymers of sodium styrene sulfonate and<Emphasis Type="Italic"> N</Emphasis>-isopropylacrylamide with dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride

The interactions between copolymers of sodium styrene sulfonate (SSS) and N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM), anionic polyelectrolytes, and dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride (DTAC), a cationic surfactant, were studied in aqueous solutions of various ionic strengths. The copolymers were found to be thermoresponsive, showing a lower critical solution temperature (LCST). The influence of the polymer composition, the surfactant concentration, and the ionic strength on the LCST was studied. The surfactant was found to interact strongly with the polymer, forming mixed polymer-surfactant micelles. The critical aggregation concentration (cac) of the polymer-surfactant system was found from fluorescence spectroscopy using pyrene as a fluorescent probe. A strong dependence of the anionic polyelectrolyte-cationic surfactant interactions on the structure of the ionic comonomer was observed.