全文获取类型
收费全文 | 198867篇 |
免费 | 10128篇 |
国内免费 | 12958篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 34216篇 |
晶体学 | 376篇 |
力学 | 9250篇 |
综合类 | 1529篇 |
数学 | 41908篇 |
物理学 | 28987篇 |
综合类 | 105687篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 346篇 |
2023年 | 1286篇 |
2022年 | 2165篇 |
2021年 | 2520篇 |
2020年 | 3068篇 |
2019年 | 3275篇 |
2018年 | 2793篇 |
2017年 | 3155篇 |
2016年 | 3590篇 |
2015年 | 4215篇 |
2014年 | 7410篇 |
2013年 | 9940篇 |
2012年 | 9105篇 |
2011年 | 10455篇 |
2010年 | 8945篇 |
2009年 | 10809篇 |
2008年 | 11605篇 |
2007年 | 13561篇 |
2006年 | 12835篇 |
2005年 | 12108篇 |
2004年 | 10467篇 |
2003年 | 9833篇 |
2002年 | 8618篇 |
2001年 | 7255篇 |
2000年 | 6641篇 |
1999年 | 5776篇 |
1998年 | 4974篇 |
1997年 | 4449篇 |
1996年 | 3973篇 |
1995年 | 3660篇 |
1994年 | 3391篇 |
1993年 | 2887篇 |
1992年 | 2728篇 |
1991年 | 2402篇 |
1990年 | 2133篇 |
1989年 | 1951篇 |
1988年 | 1677篇 |
1987年 | 1079篇 |
1986年 | 766篇 |
1985年 | 605篇 |
1984年 | 528篇 |
1983年 | 251篇 |
1982年 | 421篇 |
1981年 | 463篇 |
1980年 | 349篇 |
1979年 | 341篇 |
1978年 | 255篇 |
1977年 | 232篇 |
1976年 | 174篇 |
1974年 | 122篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
171.
杜维中 《科技情报开发与经济》2004,14(3):245-246
摄象过程中,画面质量由设备因素及人的因素所决定,在拍摄过程中,为了摄取优质、逼真的视频图象,必须掌握布光、用光的技巧和艺术,光的明暗对比度的调整和确定是摄象机使用过程中的重点与难点。 相似文献
172.
在民事诉讼中,当事人承认作为当事人陈述的一种,有其独特的作用,它既可免除对方当事人的举证责任,也对法院的判决起着约束作用。 相似文献
173.
图的直积和字典积的Laplacian谱和Kirchhoff指数 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
徐慧植 《厦门大学学报(自然科学版)》2003,42(5):552-554
由图G1、G2的Laplacian谱得到了它们的直积G1×G2和字典积G1[G2]的Laplacian谱,并计算了R(G1×G2)和R(G1[G2]). 相似文献
174.
Md. Nur Alam Per B. Zetterlund Masayoshi Okubo 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2007,45(21):4995-5004
Bimolecular termination in nitroxide‐mediated radical polymerization in miniemulsion has been investigated through the heating of a polystyrene–2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidinyl‐1‐oxy macroinitiator and its 4‐hydroxy‐2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidinyl‐1‐oxy analogue in an aqueous toluene dispersion with sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate as a surfactant at 125 °C. The level of bimolecular termination by combination, evaluated from the high‐molecular‐weight shoulder, was higher in miniemulsion than in solution and increased with decreasing particle size. Quantitative analysis revealed that these results cannot be rationalized solely by nitroxide partitioning to the aqueous phase. The results are explained by an interface effect, by which nitroxide is adsorbed or located at the aqueous–organic interface. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 4995–5004, 2007 相似文献
175.
身体权作为一种独立的人格权,包括了维护身体形式上和实质上的完整性和有限制自由支配身体的排他性权利。对于胎儿已戚人形的身体,应由其出生后获得权利能力的自然人来追溯行使身体权;对‘于尸体则认为是身体权客体的延续利益,不应再尊有身体权。对于侵害身体权的赔偿应以精神损害赔偿为主,财产损害赔偿为辅,以达到维护民亨主体人格尊严,保障其人格利益的终极目的。 相似文献
176.
Zhiyue Zhang Dingwen Deng 《Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations》2007,23(6):1530-1559
A modified backward difference time discretization is presented for Galerkin approximations for nonlinear hyperbolic equation in two space variables. This procedure uses a local approximation of the coefficients based on patches of finite elements with these procedures, a multidimensional problem can be solved as a series of one‐dimensional problems. Optimal order H01 and L2 error estimates are derived. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2007 相似文献
177.
Govindarajan Sankar A. Sultan Nasar 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2007,45(8):1557-1570
A series of substituted N‐methylaniline‐blocked polyisocyanates based on 4,4′‐methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate) and poly(tetrahydrofuran) were prepared and characterized thoroughly with FTIR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopy methods. Compared with unsubstituted N‐methylaniline, a blocking agent with an electron‐releasing substituent at the para position took a shorter time, whereas those with an electron‐releasing substituent at the ortho position or an electron‐withdrawing substituent at the ortho and para positions took longer times for the blocking reaction. The thermal dissociation reactions of blocked polyisocyanates were carried out with an FTIR spectrophotometer attached to hot‐stage accessories under dynamic and isothermal conditions. The dynamic method was used to determine the deblocking temperature, and the isothermal method was used to calculate the deblocking kinetics and activation parameters. The cure times of blocked polyisocyanates with hydroxyl‐terminated polybutadiene were also determined. The deblocking temperatures, the results of cure‐time studies, and the kinetic parameters revealed that the thermal dissociation of the N‐methylaniline‐blocked polyisocyanates was retarded by electron‐donating substituents and facilitated by electron‐withdrawing substituents. The action of N‐methylanilines as blocking agents for isocyanate was explained by the formation of a four‐center, intramolecularly hydrogen‐bonded ring structure during the thermal dissociation of the blocked polyisocyanates. The formation of such a hydrogen‐bonded ring structure was confirmed and supported by variable‐temperature 1H NMR studies and entropy parameters, respectively. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 1557–1570, 2007 相似文献
178.
V. V. AntiĆ M. P. AntiĆ M. N. Govedarica P. R. DvorniĆ 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2007,45(11):2246-2258
The kinetics of the formation of poly(carbosiloxane), as well as of alkyl-substituted poly(siloxane), by Karstedt's catalyst catalyzed hydrosilylation were investigated. Linear poly(carbosiloxane), poly[(1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxanyl)ethylene], (PTMDSE), was obtained by hydrosilylation of 1,3-divinyltetramethyldisiloxane (DVTMDS) and 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane (TMDS), while alkyl-substituted poly(siloxane), poly(methyldecylsiloxane), (PMDS), was synthesized by hydrosilylation of poly(methylhydrosiloxane) (PMHS) and 1-decene. To investigate the kinetics of PTMDSE formation, two series of experiments were performed at reaction temperatures ranging from 25 to 56 °C and with catalyst concentrations ranging from 7.0 × 10−6 to 3.1 × 10−5 mol Pt/mol CHCH2. A series of experiments was performed at reaction temperatures ranging from 28 to 48 °C, with catalyst concentrations of 7.0 ×10−6 mol of Pt per mol of CHCH2, when kinetics of PMDS formation was investigated. All reactions were carried out in bulk, with equimolar amounts of the reacting Si H and CHCH2 groups. The course of the reactions was monitored by following the disappearance of the Si H bands using quantitative infrared spectroscopy. The results obtained showed typical first order kinetics for the PTMDSE formation, consistent with the proposed reaction mechanism. In the case of PMDS an induction period occurred at lower reaction temperatures, but disappeared at 44 °C and the rate of Si H conversion also started to follow the first-order kinetics. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 2246–2258, 2007 相似文献
179.
本文采用常规方法研究西藏6个分布于海拔4,240~4,850m 的高山草原土的放线菌数量,对从6个土样中分离纯化所得的454株放线菌中选出具有代表性的84株菌进行分离鉴定。结果表明:西藏同一土类不同土样中放线菌数量差异很大;84株代表性菌可分为9个属,链霉菌属(76.2%)占优势。 相似文献
180.
论述了辨证认识与处理好人才的“留”与“流”的关系,指出了只有做好人才管理工作,慎重地考虑人才的留用,才能使企业长期、持续、健康、稳定地发展。 相似文献