CNx纳米管的制备、结构观察及低场致电子发射性能研究

采用高温热解法，以乙二胺为前驱液，在沉积有铁催化剂的p型硅（111）基底上制备出了定向生长的CNx纳米管.利用扫描电子显微镜、高分辨率透射电子显微镜和拉曼光谱对CNx纳米管进行了形貌观察和表征.CNx纳米管的高度在20?μm左右，直径在50—100nm之间，具有明显的“竹节状”结构，结晶有序度较差.对CNx纳米管薄膜进行低场致发射性能测试：外加电场为1.4V/μm，观察到20?μA /cm2发射电流，外电场升至2.54V/μm时发射电流达到1.280mA/cm2，在较高外电场下，没有发现电流“饱和”.这比 关键词： CNx纳米管 高温热解 “竹节状”结构 场致发射     

Density-Functional Theory Calculations of Normal Modes and Raman Intensities for Tetraazaporphin

The structure, harmonic frequencies, and nonresonance Raman intensities for porphin, tetraazaporphin (TAP), and three of its isotopomers are calculated by the density-functional theory of B3LYP/6-31G(d). Scaling of force constants for porphin in nonredundant natural coordinates is performed. The scaling factors obtained were used to predict the force field and normal modes of TAP and three of its isotopomers. Two alternative methods are used to carry out reliable assignment of the TAP frequencies: wavenumber-linear scaling method and frequency-shift method. There is good agreement between the frequencies predicted within the framework of the three methods used. The conservativeness of the out-of-plane B _2g - and B _3g -modes for porphin and TAP is examined. The Raman spectrum for TAP is simulated. A refinement of the assignment of the experimental frequencies for TAP of even symmetry types on the basis of the calculations performed is made.     

LINEAR ACTIVE STRUCTURES AND MODES (Ⅱ)--DISCRETE SYSTEMS AND BEAMS

The basic concepts about the active structures and some attributes of the modes were presented in paper "Liner Active Structures and Modes ( Ⅰ ) ". The characteristics of the active discrete systems and active beams were discussed, especially, the stability of the active structures and the orthogonality of the eigenvectors. The notes about modes were portrayed by a model of a seven-storeyed building with sensors and actuators. The concept of the adjoint active structure was extended from the discrete systems to the beams that were the representations of the continuous structures. Two types of beams with different placements of the measuring and actuating systems were discussed in detail. One is the beam with the discrete sensors and actuators, and the other is the beam with distributed sensor and actuator function. The orthogonality conditions were derived with the modal shapes of the active beam and its adjoint active beam. An example shows that the variation of eigenvalues with feedback amplitude for the homo-configuration and non-homo-configuration active structures.     

Light Diffraction of Aligned Polymer Fibers Periodically Dispersed by Phase Separation of Liquid Crystal and Polymer

We have confirmed light diffraction of aligned polymer fibers obtained by a phase separation of an anisotropic-phase solution of liquid crystal and polymer. He—Ne laser light passing through the polymer fibers was scattered in the axis vertical to the fibers, and had two peaks of light intensity symmetrical to the center of the transmitting laser spot. The two peaks were found to be caused by light diffraction due to the periodic polymer-fiber dispersion because the peaks corresponded to values calculated by intervals between the fibers. The periodical fiber networks are considered to be formed by anisotropic spinodal decomposition. This effect can be used to measure the dispersion order of the polymer fibers. © 2004 The Optical Society of Japan     

反射式微光机电系统(MOEMS)的研究现状与展望

反射式微光机电系统是微光机电系统中的重要组成部分,近年来得到了较快的发展。介绍了反射式微光机电系统(MOEMS)的研究现状和最新进展。根据反射式微光机电系统的分类,列举了一些具有代表性的反射式MOEMS器件。简要介绍了反射式MOEMS的加工工艺;阐述了反射式MOEMS的应用领域;展望了发展前景。     

一种新颖的用于光腔模式及光束传输模拟的特征向量法

根据有限元法单元划分的思想，提出了一种新颖的模拟光腔模式及光束传输的特征向量法. 该方法的关键之处在于基于衍射积分理论构造了一种新的光束传输矩阵，通过求解特征矩阵方程可一次性得到谐振腔的一系列特征向量，每一列特征向量即代表了腔镜上光场的一个确定模式的振幅及相位分布. 并可采用该方法模拟光场传输到腔内或腔外任意地方的场分布. 该方法将传统方法中大量的迭代过程转化成为本征积分方程特征向量的求解过程，并与初值取值无关，且可一次性求得多个模式分布，从而可方便地分析谐振腔的模式鉴别能力. 特征向量法对圆形镜共焦 关键词： 谐振腔 特征向量法 模式分布     

基于径向基函数神经网络的Lorenz混沌系统滑模控制

针对受参数不确定和外扰影响的混沌Lorenz系统，提出一种基于径向基函数（RBF）神经网 络的滑模控制方法.基于被控系统在不稳定平衡点处状态误差的可控规范形，设计滑模切换 面并将其作为神经网络的唯一输入.单入单出形式的RBF控制器隐层只需7个径向基函数，网 络的权值则依滑模趋近条件在线确定.仿真表明该控制器对系统参数突变和外部干扰具有鲁棒性，同时抑制了抖振. 关键词： 混沌控制 滑模 径向基函数神经网络 Lorenz系统     

Shell effects in the symmetric-modal fission of pre-actinide nuclei

Mass distributions of fragments in the low-energy fission of nuclei from ¹⁸⁷Ir to ²¹³At have been analysed. This analysis has shown that shell effects in symmetric-mode fragment mass yields from the fission of pre-actinide nuclei could be described if one assumes the existence of two strongly deformed neutron shells in the arising fragments with neutron numbers N₁ ≈ 52 and N₂ ≈ 68. A new method has been proposed for quantitatively describing the mass distributions of the symmetric fission mode for pre-actinides with A ≈ 180–220.     

Decomposition Methods for Differentiable Optimization Problems over Cartesian Product Sets

This paper presents a unified analysis of decomposition algorithms for continuously differentiable optimization problems defined on Cartesian products of convex feasible sets. The decomposition algorithms are analyzed using the framework of cost approx imation algorithms. A convergence analysis is made for three decomposition algorithms: a sequential algorithm which extends the classical Gauss-Seidel scheme, a synchronized parallel algorithm which extends the Jacobi method, and a partially asynchronous parallel algorithm. The analysis validates inexact computations in both the subproblem and line search phases, and includes convergence rate results. The range of feasible step lengths within each algorithm is shown to have a direct correspondence to the increasing degree of parallelism and asynchronism, and the resulting usage of more outdated information in the algorithms.     

具有奇异值分解性质的代数

设F为一个域,R为一个带有对合的F-代数,如果R上每一个矩阵都有奇异值分解(简称SVD),则称R为一个有SVD性质的F-代数.本文指出:R为一个有SVD性质的F-代数的充要条件是:R同构于R~+,或R~+上二次扩域,或R~+上四元数体((-1,-1)/R~+),其中R~+为R的对称元集合,并且R~+为一个Galois序闭域.