电子期刊及其服务

论述了电子期刊的各类及其主要特点，分析了电子期刊对传统图书馆服务的影响，提出了图书馆工作的应对对策。     

谈英语阅读中捷效寻读教学及能力的培养

根据对一些学生的日常阅读情况的观察和阅读理论最新的研究成果 ,以及心理学的相关理论的分析 ,提出应该加强捷效寻读技能的教学 ,从理论和实践上提出了相应的方法。     

DNA和SDS介导钯卟啉室温磷光及磷光激发光谱分裂

利用室温磷光研究了钯卟啉 (Pd- TAPP)与 ct DNA及 SDS的相互作用特征。 SDS通过静电缔合及尾链保护增强 Pd- TAPP磷光强度 ;Pd- TAPP通过静电和疏水相互作用结合于 DNA的沟槽区 ,缔合常数为 4.37× 10 5L· m ol- 1 (bp)。平均一个钯卟啉分子与 4～ 5个核酸碱基对相互作用时 ,核酸表面的钯卟啉分子达到饱和 ;然后卟啉分子开始聚集组装 ,激子相互作用导致激发光谱分裂 ,聚集缔合常数为 0 .5× 10 5L· mol- 1 。     

Electron-stimulated desorption of D (H) from condensed D2O (H2O) films

The electron-stimulated desorption (ESD) of D⁻ and H⁻ ions from condensed D₂O and H₂O films is investigated. Three low-energy peaks are observed in the ESD anion yield, which are identified as arising from excitation of ²B₁, ²A₁ and ²B₂ dissociative electron attachment (DEA) resonances. Additional structure is observed between 18 and 32 eV, which may be due to ion pair formation or to DEA resonances involving the 2a₁ orbital. The ion yield resulting from excitation of the ²B₁ resonance increases as the film is heated. We attribute the increase in the ion yield to thermally induced hydrogen bond breaking near the surface, which enhances the lifetimes of the excited states that lead to desorption.     

Effect of various adsorbates in dephasing and population decay of the Cu(1 0 0) image potential states

A theoretical study of the electron dynamics in image potential states on Cu(1 0 0) surfaces with different types of adsorbates is presented. Scattering of the image state electron by an adsorbate induces inter-band and intra-band transitions leading respectively to the population decay and to the dephasing of the image state. We compare results obtained with low coverage (typically 1 adsorbate atom per 1000 surface atoms) Cs, Ar, and a model electronegative adsorbates. As follows from our results, Cs adsorbates lead to both appreciable dephasing and decay, while electronegative adsorbates mostly affect the dephasing rate. The effect of low coverage Ar adsorbates is small, consistent with their neutrality.     

Zero bias anomaly in the density of states of low-dimensional metals

We consider the effect of Coulomb interactions on the average density of states (DOS) of disordered low-dimensional metals for temperatures T and frequencies ω smaller than the inverse elastic life-time 1/τ. Using the fact that long-range Coulomb interactions in two dimensions (2d) generate ln²-singularities in the DOS ν(ω) but only ln-singularities in the conductivity σ(ω), we can re-sum the most singular contributions to the average DOS via a simple gauge-transformation. If σ(ω) > 0, then a metallic Coulomb gapν(ω) ∝ |ω|/e ⁴ appears in the DOS at T = 0 for frequencies below a certain crossover frequency Ω ₂ which depends on the value of the DC conductivity σ(0). Here, - e is the charge of the electron. Naively adopting the same procedure to calculate the DOS in quasi 1d metals, we find ν(ω) ∝ (|ω|/Ω ₁)^1/2exp(- Ω ₁/|ω|) at T = 0, where Ω ₁ is some interaction-dependent frequency scale. However, we argue that in quasi 1d the above gauge-transformation method is on less firm grounds than in 2d. We also discuss the behavior of the DOS at finite temperatures and give numerical results for the expected tunneling conductance that can be compared with experiments. Received 28 August 2001 / Received in final form 28 January 2002 Published online 9 July 2002     

Systematic formulations for electronegativity and hardness and their atomic scales within density functional softness theory

A unified Mulliken valence with Parr ground‐state electronegativity picture is presented. It provides a useful analytical tool on which the absolute hardness as well ionization potential and electron affinity functionals are based. For all these chemical reactivity indices, systematic approximate density functionals are formulated within density functional softness theory and are applied to atomic systems. For the absolute hardness, a special relationship with the new electronegativity ansatz and a particular atomic trend paralleling the absolute electron affinity are established that should complement and augment the earlier finite‐difference energetic approach. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2006     

磁场对四端量子波导中电子输运性质的影响

采用模匹配方法，研究了非均匀磁场下开放的四端量子波导中的电子输运性质. 结果表明，从一端入射的电子可以透射到两个与之垂直的输出端和一个与之平行的输出端. 在没有外加磁场的情况下，两个垂直输出端的输运概率是相同的，但垂直端与水平端的输运概率不同；在外加磁场下，由于磁边缘态效应，两个垂直输出端的输运概率也有着相当大的差别. 通过施加不同的磁场，我们能获得丰富的电子输运结构，如台阶，宽谷，尖峰等；通过调节磁场的大小和比例以及结构参数可控制该量子结构在各输出端的输运概率. 关键词： 电子输运 介观体系 磁效应     

俄语速读课教学软件的开发

随着现代外语教学的发展，传统的俄语速读方法已远远不能满足要求。笔者认为，应适应时代的要求，充分利用现代化的教学手段和教学设备来提高速读课的效率。本文将阐述计算机辅助俄语速读课教学系统及其功能、特点，并论证该系统在学生形成良好的阅读习惯和提高阅读能力中的优势。