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31.
Theoretical Modelling and Facile Synthesis of a Highly Active Boron‐Doped Palladium Catalyst for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction 下载免费PDF全文
Tat Thang Vo Doan Jingbo Wang Kee Chun Poon Desmond C. L. Tan Bahareh Khezri Prof. Richard D. Webster Prof. Haibin Su Prof. Hirotaka Sato 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2016,55(24):6842-6847
A highly active alternative to Pt electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), which is the cathode‐electrode reaction of fuel cells, is sought for higher fuel‐cell performance. Our theoretical modelling reveals that B‐doped Pd (Pd‐B) weakens the absorption of ORR intermediates with nearly optimal binding energy by lowering the barrier associated with O2 dissociation, suggesting Pd‐B should be highly active for ORR. In fact, Pd‐B, facile synthesized by an electroless deposition process, exhibits 2.2 times and 8.8 times higher specific activity and 14 times and 35 times less costly than commercial pure Pd and Pt catalysts, respectively. Another computational result is that the surface core level of Pd is negatively shifted by B doping, as confirmed by XPS, and implies that filling the density of states related to the anti‐bonding of oxygen to Pd surfaces with excess electrons from B doping, weakens the O bonding to Pd and boosts the catalytic activity. 相似文献
32.
Interface Engineering of MoS2/Ni3S2 Heterostructures for Highly Enhanced Electrochemical Overall‐Water‐Splitting Activity 下载免费PDF全文
Dr. Jian Zhang Dr. Tao Wang Dr. Darius Pohl Dr. Bernd Rellinghaus Dr. Renhao Dong Dr. Shaohua Liu Dr. Xiaodong Zhuang Prof. Xinliang Feng 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2016,55(23):6702-6707
To achieve sustainable production of H2 fuel through water splitting, low‐cost electrocatalysts for the hydrogen‐evolution reaction (HER) and the oxygen‐evolution reaction (OER) are required to replace Pt and IrO2 catalysts. Herein, for the first time, we present the interface engineering of novel MoS2/Ni3S2 heterostructures, in which abundant interfaces are formed. For OER, such MoS2/Ni3S2 heterostructures show an extremely low overpotential of ca. 218 mV at 10 mA cm?2, which is superior to that of the state‐of‐the‐art OER electrocatalysts. Using MoS2/Ni3S2 heterostructures as bifunctional electrocatalysts, an alkali electrolyzer delivers a current density of 10 mA cm?2 at a very low cell voltage of ca. 1.56 V. In combination with DFT calculations, this study demonstrates that the constructed interfaces synergistically favor the chemisorption of hydrogen and oxygen‐containing intermediates, thus accelerating the overall electrochemical water splitting. 相似文献
33.
Two‐Dimensional Core‐Shelled Porous Hybrids as Highly Efficient Catalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction 下载免费PDF全文
Kai Yuan Dr. Xiaodong Zhuang Haiyan Fu Dr. Gunther Brunklaus Dr. Michael Forster Prof. Dr. Yiwang Chen Prof. Dr. Xinliang Feng Prof. Dr. Ullrich Scherf 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2016,55(24):6858-6863
Two‐dimensional (2D) transition‐metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have drawn much attention due to their unique physical and chemical properties. Using TMDs as templates for the generation of 2D sandwich‐like materials with remarkable properties still remains a great challenge due to their poor solvent processability. Herein, MoS2‐coupled sandwich‐like conjugated microporous polymers (M‐CMPs) with high specific surface area were successfully developed by using functionalized MoS2 nanosheets as template. As‐prepared M‐CMPs were further used as precursors for preparation of MoS2‐embedded nitrogen‐doped porous carbon nanosheets, which were revealed as novel electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction with mainly four‐electron transfer mechanism and ultralow half‐wave potential in comparison with commercial Pt/C catalyst. Our strategy to core–shelled sandwich‐like hybrids paves a way for a new class of 2D hybrids for energy conversion and storage. 相似文献
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为改善电催化活性和亲水性,作者对商业碳黑(BP2000)进行了酸处理,获得了酸处理碳(ATC). 通过X光电子能谱、红外光谱、热重和接触角测试的表征方法证明了酸处理在碳表面产生了丰富的含氧基团. 本文首次利用紫外可见光谱测试了碱性条件抗坏血酸(AA)在空气中的化学氧化活化能,结果为37.1 kJ·mol-1. 另外,利用交流阻抗谱对碱性条件下ATC作为电催化剂时AA的氧化反应的活化能进行了评价. 碱性条件下,AA在单电池中有无ATC电催化剂层条件下的活化能分别为26.5和34.5 kJ·mol-1,活化能的降低表明ATC是一种有效的阳极电催化剂. 作者将ATC应用于直接碱性膜AA燃料电池(DAAFCs)作为阳极电催化剂,并且对DAAFC中一系列参数进行了优化,包括催化剂在膜(CCM)或气体扩散层(CDM)上的喷涂方法、阳极电催化剂的载量、阳极电催化剂中碱性聚合物的比例. 结果表明,采用CCM的膜电极制备方法、0.5 mg·cm-2的ATC载量、25wt%的碱性聚合物添加比例时,DAAFCs单池的功率密度可达18.5 mW·cm-2,远高于使用商品PtRu/C(5 mW·cm-2)做阳极电催化剂的单池. 在寿命测试中,使用溶解于1 mol·L-1 NaOH水溶液中的 0.5 mol·L-1 AA作为燃料(流速15 mL·min-1),DAAFCs单池的功率密度可以在25 min内维持在4 mW·cm-2以上(75 °C). 相似文献
36.
Highly efficient anode catalyst with a Ni@PdPt core–shell nanostructure for methanol electrooxidation in alkaline media 下载免费PDF全文
To enhance the electrocatalytic activity of anode catalysts used in alkaline-media direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs), a Ni@PdPt electrocatalyst was successfully prepared using a three-phase-transfer method. The Ni@PdPt electrocatalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and high-resolution TEM (HRTEM) techniques. The experimental results indicate that the average particle size of the core–shell-structured Ni@PdPt electrocatalyst is approximately 5.6 nm. The Ni@PdPt electrocatalyst exhibits a catalytic activity 3.36 times greater than that of PdPt alloys for methanol oxidation in alkaline media. The developed Ni@PdPt electrocatalyst offers a promising alternative as a highly electrocatalytically active anode catalyst for alkaline DMFCs. 相似文献
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Xia BY Ng WT Wu HB Wang X Lou XW 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2012,51(29):7213-7216
In it for the long haul: Clusters of Pt nanowires (3D Pt nanoassemblies, Pt?NA) serve as an electrocatalyst for low-temperature fuel cells. These Pt nanoassemblies exhibit remarkably high stability following thousands of voltage cycles and good catalytic activity, when compared with a commercial Pt?catalyst and 20?%?wt Pt?catalyst supported on carbon black (20?% Pt/CB). 相似文献
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Liang‐Xin Ding Prof. Dr. Gao‐Ren Li Zi‐Long Wang Zhao‐Qing Liu Prof. Dr. Hong Liu Prof. Dr. Ye‐Xiang Tong 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2012,18(27):8386-8391
Bimetallic core‐shell nanostructures are emerging as more important materials than monometallic nanostructures, and have much more interesting potential applications in various fields, including catalysis and electronics. In this work, we demonstrate the facile synthesis of core‐shell nanotube array catalysts consisting of Pt thin layers as the shells and Ni nanotubes as the cores. The porous Ni@Pt core‐shell nanotube arrays were fabricated by ZnO nanorod‐array template‐assisted electrodeposition, and they represent a new class of nanostructures with a high electrochemically active surface area of 50.08 m2 (g Pt)?1, which is close to the value of 59.44 m2 (g Pt)?1 for commercial Pt/C catalysts. The porous Ni@Pt core‐shell nanotube arrays also show markedly enhanced electrocatalytic activity and stability for methanol oxidation compared with the commercial Pt/C catalysts. The attractive performances exhibited by these prepared porous Ni@Pt core‐shell nanotube arrays make them promising candidates as future high‐performance catalysts for methanol electrooxidation. The facile method described herein is suitable for large‐scale, low‐cost production, and significantly lowers the Pt loading, and thus, the cost of the catalysts. 相似文献
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Dr. Min‐Rui Gao Zhao‐Yang Lin Dr. Jun Jiang Dr. Chun‐Hua Cui Ya‐Rong Zheng Prof. Dr. Shu‐Hong Yu 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2012,18(27):8423-8429
We report a first solution strategy for controlled synthesis of Adams’ catalyst (i.e., α‐PtO2) by a facile and totally green approach using H2PtCl6 and water as reactants. The prepared α‐PtO2 nanocrystals (NCs) are ultrasmall in size and have very “clean” surfaces, which can be reduced to Pt NCs easily in ethanol under ambient conditions. Such Adams’ catalysts have been applied as electrocatalysts beyond the field of heterogeneous catalysis. Noticeably, the water‐only synthesized α‐PtO2 NCs and their derivative Pt NCs all exhibit much higher oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activities and stabilities than that of the state‐of‐art Pt/C electrocatalysts. This study provides an example on the organics‐free synthesis of α‐PtO2 and Pt NCs as promising cathode catalysts for fuel cell applications and, particularly, this simple, straightforward method may open a new way for the synthesis of other “clean” functional nanomaterials. 相似文献
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Jose Gracia Mauro Fianchini Chiara Biz Victor Polo Roberto Gómez 《Current Opinion in Electrochemistry》2021
Strongly correlated catalysts can be understood from precise quantum approximations. Incorporating properly electronic correlations thus let’s define Spin rules in catalysis, opening a new door towards optimum compositions for the most important reactions for a sustainable future. 相似文献