早熟高产燕麦新品种青燕1号选育报告

青燕1号是以青永久146为母本,巴燕3号为父本配置杂交组合,按照系谱法经多年选育,在海拔1745-3103m的不同地区能完成生育期,收获高产、优质的饲草.结果表明:青燕1号具早熟、丰产性高、适应性强、品质优良的特点;适宜在青藏高原海拔3000m以下水热条件较好的地区建立种子田;海拔3000m以上的高寒牧区种植饲草.     

青少年体育锻炼行为及影响因素的实证分析

为探索青少年体育锻炼行为改变的规律与特征,从而为有效的健康行为干预措施提供可靠的现实性依据,从锻炼动机、自我效能、价值判断、锻炼阶段行为阶段、体育课程、学校条件、家庭影响几个方面对重庆市7所中学的1700名学生进行了问卷调查,结果显示:学生锻炼行为各阶段的分布情况为:前意向阶段n=122(8.1%),意向阶段n=147(9.7%),准备阶段n=719(47.7%),行动阶段n=246(16.3%),保持阶段n=273(18.1%).方差分析表明,不同锻炼行为阶段组的个体在观察变量上存在明显不同;回归分析显示,锻炼水平、锻炼效能、动机水平、价值判断、家庭因素、身体效能和课程因素可显著预测初中生的锻炼行为,7个变量可解释锻炼行为43.5%的变异量.     

陶粒在早期混凝土中的吸水返水特性研究

采用U型管微压测定装置,研究了不同类型、不同预湿程度和不同掺量的陶粒在总水灰比相同,1 d龄期混凝土中的吸水返水变化规律.研究结果表明,陶粒吸水返水过程与陶粒类型、预湿程度密切相关,受陶粒掺量的影响很小;当陶粒类型相同时,预湿程度越高,陶粒在混凝土中的吸水能力越弱;当预湿程度相同时,对于无预湿陶粒,吸水率大的陶粒吸水能力较强;对于有预湿陶粒(1 h或24 h),吸水率大的陶粒吸水能力较弱.     

不同降雨过程特征下的库区滑坡稳定性

降雨是滑坡的主要诱发因素之一.根据降雨强度随着降雨历时的变化特征划分了五种降雨过程.以澜沧江某水电站库区一典型土质滑坡为例,模拟滑坡体在不同工况下的渗流场,分析降雨过程对库区滑坡稳定性的影响.结果表明：在库水位不变的情况下,五种降雨过程对滑坡稳定性的影响由大到小的顺序为递增型、先强后弱型、先弱后强型、稳定型、递减型.在降雨过程不变的情况下,随着库水位的上升,滑坡稳定性会先减小再增大.水库蓄水前期及递增型降雨过程,滑坡处于最危险状态.该研究为库区滑坡稳定性评价提供了依据.     

一种多级式热电堆型微量热流传感器的设计与制备

基于一维平面传热基本原理,选用细康铜丝和酚醛树脂层压板作为实验材料,用硫酸铜酸性镀铜法制备热电堆,用多个热电堆串联的方式提高热电堆的级数,制备了一种多级式热电堆型热流传感器。研究结果表明,该传感器的系数为48．44 w／（m2·mV）,分辨力为0．05 W／m2,测量准确度优于3．0％,能够满足精确测量微小热流密度的需要。     

东北温带森林早春类短命植物种类及区系分布

在对现有文献资料查阅和统计的基础上,结合早春类短命植物的生长周期特点,对东北温带森林早春类短命植物种类及区系分布特征进行了统计与分析.结果显示：东北地区有林下早春类短命植物60种,8个变种,15个变型,分属于8科22属.科的组成以毛茛科和罂粟科为主,包括早春类短命植物49种,占所有早春类短命植物的59.0%;紫堇属和银莲花属植物居多,占所有早春类短命植物的1/3以上.属的区系分为4个类型1个变型,其中北温带分布类型是早春类短命植物的主要成分,包括10属49种,其次为旧世界分布类型,包括6属11种.     

广东三水盆地白垩纪岩相古地理特征及演化

根据大量的区域地质、钻井、野外露头等资料,对广东三水盆地自垩纪地层进行了构造层序研究,划分出一个盆地充填层序,两个构造层序和4个层序;在构造层序研究的基础上,采用压缩法和瞬时作图法,以层序为编图单元,编制了三水盆地白垩纪层序岩相古地理图,系统地阐述了三水盆地白垩纪不同时期的岩相古地理特征;根据不同时期的岩相古地理展布特征,将白垩纪三水盆地的沉积充填分为早白垩世的底部粗碎屑进积和晚白垩世的首次湖泛两个演化阶段.     

Divergence Entropy-Based Evaluation of Hydrophobic Core in Aggressive and Resistant Forms of Transthyretin

The two forms of transthyretin differing slightly in the tertiary structure, despite the presence of five mutations, show radically different properties in terms of susceptibility to the amyloid transformation process. These two forms of transthyretin are the object of analysis. The search for the sources of these differences was carried out by means of a comparative analysis of the structure of these molecules in their native and early intermediate stage forms in the folding process. The criterion for assessing the degree of similarity and differences is the status of the hydrophobic core. The comparison of the level of arrangement of the hydrophobic core and its initial stages is possible thanks to the application of divergence entropy for the early intermediate stage and for the final forms. It was shown that the minimal differences observed in the structure of the hydrophobic core of the forms available in PDB, turned out to be significantly different in the early stage (ES) structure in folding process. The determined values of divergence entropy for both ES forms indicate the presence of the seed of hydrophobic core only in the form resistant to amyloid transformation. In the form of aggressively undergoing amyloid transformation, the structure lacking such a seed is revealed, being a stretched one with a high content of β-type structure. In the discussed case, the active presence of water in the structural transformation of proteins expressed in the fuzzy oil drop model (FOD) is of decisive importance for the generation of the final protein structure. It has been shown that the resistant form tends to generate a centric hydrophobic core with the possibility of creating a globular structure, i.e., a spherical micelle-like form. The aggressively transforming form reveals in the structure of its early intermediate, a tendency to form the ribbon-like micelle as observed in amyloid.     

In‐situ characterization of the early stage of pipeline steel corrosion in bicarbonate solutions by electrochemical atomic force microscopy

An electrochemical atomic force microscope was used to characterize the early stage of corrosion of an X100 pipeline steel in bicarbonate solutions with varied concentrations by synchronous measurements of electrochemical potential of the steel and its topographic evolution with time. Upon immersion of the steel in 0.01 M NaHCO₃ solution, both electrochemical potential and topographic profile are associated with the dissolution of air‐formed oxides present on the steel surface. The potential drops and the surface roughness increases rapidly. When corrosion of the steel occurs, the potential further drops and the surface roughness of the steel increases gradually. As the steel corrosion achieves a steady state, the generation of corrosion products reaches a dynamic equilibrium state. The surface roughness maintain an approximately stable value. In solutions containing increased bicarbonate concentrations, such as 0.1 M and 0.5 M NaHCO₃, the steel can be passivated. The formed passive film can eliminate some surface features and improves the surface roughness. The topographic profile of the steel surface in 0.5 M NaHCO₃ solution is smoother than that in 0.1 M solution. The surface features within 20 nm become eliminated after 4500 s of immersion in 0.1 M NaHCO₃ solution, while larger features within 50 nm in size are eliminated in 0.5 M NaHCO₃ solution in the same time period. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

地方财政公共文化服务支出的效率评价——基于三阶段DEA窗口模型

利用三阶段DEA窗口模型对2005-2014年我国其中31个省市自治区的公共文化服务支出效率进行评估,结果表明:环境因素和随机误差对我国公共文化服务支出效率有显著影响;我国公共文化服务支出效率的总体水平较高,但呈下降趋势;我国公共文化服务支出效率存在明显的地区差异,且地区间效率水平无收敛趋势.