出租车司机社会贡献评价方法研究

出租车司机的社会贡献对于促进城市经济发展和社会进步具有重要的作用,评价出租车司机的社会贡献是激励出租车司机多做社会贡献的重要手段。为了评价出租车司机的社会贡献,本文提出了一种基于实际出租车运营数据的评价方法。本文设计了运营特性、重点区域、恶劣天气、大事件四个体现司机社会贡献的指标,以此构建了出租车司机社会贡献评价指标体系,进而选用了主观赋权法G1法和客观赋权法拉开档次法相结合的赋权方式对指标赋权,并选择四种评价信息集结方法建立了出租车司机社会贡献评价模型。最后,通过实际的出租车运营数据验证了本方法的可行性。本文为评价出租车司机社会贡献提供了一种研究思路和方法,并对政府政策的制定和企业策略的实施具有一定的启示。     

Real-time onboard wind and windshear determination,part 2: Detection

This paper is concerned with windshear detection in connection with real-time wind identification (Ref. 1). It presents a comparative evaluation of two techniques, one based on the shear/downdraft factor and one based on the wind difference index. The comparison is done with reference to a particular microburst, that which caused the 1985 crash of Flight Delta 191 at Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport.The shear/downdraft factor has the merit of combining the effects of the shear and the downdraft into a single entity. However, its effectiveness is hampered by the fact that, in a real situation, the windshear is accompanied by free-stream turbulence, which tends to blur the resulting signal. In turn, this results in undesirable nuisance warnings if the magnitude of the shear factor due to free-stream turbulence is temporarily larger than that due to true windshear. Therefore, proper filtering is necessary prior to using the shear/downdraft factor in detection and guidance. One effective way for achieving this goal is to average the shear/downdraft factor over a specified time interval . The effect of on the average shear/downdraft factor is studied.     

Real-time onboard wind and windshear determination,part 1: Identification

Standard wind identification techniques employed in the analysis of aircraft accidents are post-facto techniques; they are processed after the event has taken place and are based on the complete time histories of the DFDR/ATCR data along the entire trajectory. By contrast, real-time wind identification techniques are processed while the event is taking place; they are based solely on the knowledge of the preceding time histories of the DFDR/ATCR data.In this paper, a real-time wind identification technique is developed. First, a 3D-kinematic approach is employed in connection with the DFDR/ATCR data covering the time interval preceding the present time instant. The aircraft position, inertial velocity, and accelerometer bias are determined by matching the flight trajectory computed from the DFDR data with the flight trajectory available from the ATCR data. This leads to a least-square problem, which is solved analytically every seconds, with / small.With the inertial velocity and accelerometer bias known, an extrapolation process takes place so as to predict the inertial velocity profile over the subsequent -subinterval. At the end of this subinterval, the extrapolated inertial velocity and the newly identified inertial velocity are statistically reconciled and smoothed. Then, the process of identification, extrapolation, reconciliation, and smoothing is repeated. Subsequently, the wind is computed as the difference between the inertial velocity and the airspeed, which is available from the DFDR data. With the wind identified, windshear detection can take place (Ref. 1).As an example, the real-time wind identification technique is applied to Flight Delta 191, which crashed at Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport on August 2, 1985. The numerical results show that the wind obtained via real-time identification is qualitatively and quantitatively close to the wind obtained via standard identification. This being the case, it is felt that real-time wind identification can be useful in windhsear detection and guidance, above all if the shear/downdraft factor signal is replaced by the wind difference signal (Ref. 1).This paper and its companion (Ref. 1) are based on Refs. 2–4.This research was supported by the Aviation Research and Education Foundation and by Texas Advanced Technology Program, Grant No. TATP-003604020.     

Analysis of basic hair dyes by HPLC with on-line post-column photochemical derivatisation

Summary A reversed phase liquid chromatographic method is proposed for the analysis of basic hair dyes (raw materials and colourant formulations). The performance of the method was enhanced by introducing post-column on-line photochemical derivatisation in combination with a Diode Array Detector. On-line photoderivatisation provided an effective way of selectively transforming the analytes to compounds with different spectral properties. For each analyte two characteristic UV-Visible spectra (photoreactor on and off) were obtained with the same mobile phase and this information in combination with the chromatographic data (k' at pH 3.0 and 4.5) enabled the unambiguous identification of both commonly used, approved, and banned basic hair dyes. Additionally, this approach was found useful to improve the method sensitivity, allowing the determination of analytes present in low concentration (0.03%) in complex commercial formulations.This work constitutes part of the thesis for the Dottorato di Ricerche of Roberto Gotti.     

试验与服役数据融合的飞机结构安全寿命分析

针对飞机结构安全寿命分析中样本容量偏少的问题,综合考虑结构分散性和载荷分散性的飞机结构疲劳寿命是否服从对数正态分布或威布尔分布的情况,根据等损伤原理,将服役飞机实际飞行小时数等效转化为在同一试验载荷谱下的当量飞行小时数,以实现飞机结构试验疲劳寿命与服役使用数据的融合,采用随机右截尾情形下的极大似然估计方法估算疲劳寿命分布函数的参数,进行飞机结构安全寿命分析;最后以飞机结构疲劳寿命服从对数正态分布为例进行了算例分析,分析结果表明:在相同的可靠度和置信水平下,利用试验数据与服役使用数据融合方法可以显著增大样本容量,从而充分挖掘飞机结构可靠性的储备。     

脂代谢及其与运动性疲劳的关系

脂肪是人体内贮存能量的最重要的物质之一,它比糖元的贮量大１０倍．近几年的研究表明,休息状态及进行低到中等强度的运动过程中脂肪供能有着重要的作用,尤其是运动持续时间长达３～４ｈ以上时,脂肪供能可以占到总能量代谢的７０％～９０％之多．人们采用许多手段和方法,以期增加运动时脂肪氧化供能的比例,节省体内糖消耗,提高机体耐力,但是并未能达到满意的效果．２０世纪８０年代一些新的研究结果表明,运动时脂肪供能也有其自身的种种限制,脂肪的过度动员会对人体的运动能力带来不利的影响,甚至是引起疲劳的重要原因     

车用电控汽油机实时爆震检测方案的研究

研究一种可以满足准确性,实时性要求的车用电控汽油机爆震检测方案,方法 测量缸盖的振动信号,确定爆震检测频率,运用概率和数理统计的方法。对缸盖振动信号进行分析,找出规律性,在非爆震,严重爆震,爆震时,爆震检测区间内信号峰值都服从对数正态分布。     

Mach的面向对象的设备管理

目的为了设计和实现主式实时操作系统ＣＯＳＩＸ Ｖ２．０／ＲＴ平台,对Ｍａｃｈ３．０微内核的面向对象设备管理的源程序进行剖析。方法依据Ｍａｃｋ的Ｉ／Ｏ管理机制分析源程序,以并行接口为端口编写通讯驱动程序,并验证其正确性。结果 在分析的基础上,通过修改有关驱动程序的接口,实现了两台Ｍａｃｈ机或Ｍａｃｈ与基于ＤＯＳ机之间的通信。结论Ｍａｃｈ３．０采用端口和消息机制,Ｉ／Ｏ接口支持的设备驱动程序２独立于设     

超声心动图象内外膜的自动检测与测量

为定量计算一些重要的心脏功能数据,提高心脏病的诊断水平,研究了超声心动图象内外膜的自动检测与测量技术．首先对超声心动图象进行滤波以消除图象中的噪声,并运用模糊数学理论进行模糊边缘增强,提取超声心动图象的内外膜边缘信息;接着对超声心动图象作二值化处理和椭圆曲线拟合,初步得到心脏的内外膜边缘;再采用相应的三次样条插值和平滑技术,得到光滑、连续的心脏内外膜边缘．在此基础上,再对心脏进行节段划分,并计算有关的心脏功能数据．经实验证实,用此方法可快速得到较准确的结果．     

用于瞳孔序列图像分析的实时轮廓检测和参数提取

本文介绍一种医用图像分析系统．该系统连续获取瞳孔图像,根据对图像序列的某些先验知识自动确定门限．在此基础上进行快速边缘检测,并自动修补缺损的目标轮廓．在判定所得轮廓有效后计算目标面积．若数据无效则自动重新采样．序列图像观测结束后对间隔不均匀的数据进行内插校正．系统所提供的分析结果可用于临床和医学研究